107th United States Congress

107th United States Congress


106th ←	→ 108th
United States Capitol (2002)
Duration: January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003

Senate President:	Al Gore (D)^[1] until Jan 20, 2001 Dick Cheney (R)^[1] from Jan 20, 2001
Senate Pres. pro tem:	Robert Byrd (D) Strom Thurmond (R) ^[2]
House Speaker:	Dennis Hastert (R)
Members:	100 Senators 435 Representatives 5 Non-voting members
Senate Majority:	Democratic Party Republican Party
House Majority:	Republican Party

Sessions
1st: January 3, 2001 – December 20, 2001 2nd: January 23, 2002 – November 22, 2002

The One Hundred Seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003, during the final weeks of the Clinton presidency and the first two years of the George W. Bush presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Twenty-first Census of the United States in 1990. The House of Representatives had a Republican majority, and the Senate switched majorities from Democratic to Republican and back to Democratic. By the end of term, Republicans had regained the majority in the Senate, but since the body was out of session reorganization was delayed till the next Congress.^[3]

Major events

Main articles: 2001 in the United States, 2002 in the United States and 2003 in the United States

A rare even split in the United States Senate and the defection of a single Senator led to three changes in majorities. Major security events occurred. The September 11 attacks were highly disruptive. Some Senators were targeted by anthrax attacks. The Congress voted to allow the President to invade Iraq.

January 3, 2001: Senate was evenly split (50-50) between the two parties. Democrat Al Gore - who was still Vice President - gave the Democrats the tie-breaker and majority control for the 17 days between the January 3 swearing-in of the new Congress and the January 20 inauguration of Republican Vice President Dick Cheney. Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of President Bill Clinton, became the first presidential spouse to serve in Congress.
January 20, 2001: George W. Bush and Dick Cheney were sworn-in as President of the United States and Vice President of the United States respectively, giving the Republicans the tie-breaker and majority control. Trent Lott becomes Senate Majority Leader.
June 6, 2001: Senator Jim Jeffords, previously a Republican, declared himself an independent and announced he would join the Democratic caucus, giving the Democrats majority control. Democrat Tom Daschle became Senate Majority Leader.
September 11, 2001: September 11 attacks
September 20, 2001: George W. Bush reported to a joint session of Congress on the investigation into the September 11 attacks and officially announces the War on Terrorism
October 7, 2001: Operation Enduring Freedom began
October 9, 2001: Anthrax attacks were executed against members of the Senate, including Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle.
December 2001: Corporate financial scandals, including Enron and MCI
June 12, 2002: Prime Minister of Australia John Howard addressed a joint session of Congress. The address was originally scheduled for September 12, 2001, but was interrupted by the September 11 attacks. Already in Washington at the time, he sat in on Congressional sessions on September 12 instead.
November 25, 2002: Jim Talent wins special election for Senate in Missouri, effectively giving Republicans a majority. Reorganization delayed till Senate returned to session in the next term.
November 30 - December 2, 2002: Outgoing Sen. Phil Gramm (R-Texas) resigns weeks before his final term expires; Sen.-elect John Cornyn appointed to finish Gramm's term.

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation

June 7, 2001: Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, Pub.L. 107–16, 115 Stat. 38
October 26, 2001: Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism ("USA PATRIOT") Act, Pub.L. 107–56, 115 Stat. 272
January 8, 2002: No Child Left Behind Act, Pub.L. 107–110, 115 Stat. 1425
January 11, 2002: Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act, Pub.L. 107–118, 115 Stat. 2356
March 9, 2002: Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act, Pub.L. 107–147, 116 Stat. 21
March 27, 2002: Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold), Pub.L. 107–155, 116 Stat. 81
May 13, 2002: Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, Pub.L. 107–171, 116 Stat. 134
July 30, 2002: Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Pub.L. 107–204, 116 Stat. 745
August 6, 2002: Trade Act of 2002, Pub.L. 107–210, 116 Stat. 933
October 16, 2002: Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq, Pub.L. 107–243, 116 Stat. 1497
October 21, 2002: Sudan Peace Act, Pub.L. 107–245, 116 Stat. 1504
October 29, 2002: Help America Vote Act, Pub.L. 107–252, 116 Stat. 1666
November 25, 2002: Homeland Security Act, Pub.L. 107–296, 116 Stat. 2135
December 17, 2002: E-Government Act of 2002, Pub.L. 107–347, 116 Stat. 2899

Party summary

Senate

Party standings on the opening day of the 107th Congress

50 Democratic Senators

50 Republican Senators

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) D = Democratic I = Independent R = Republican IMN = Independence-MN				Total		Notes

	D	I	R	IMN		Vacant
End of previous Congress	46	0	54	0	100	0	See United States Senate elections, 2000

Begin	50	0	50	0	100	0	Al Gore (D) was Vice President of the United States, with the tie-breaking vote.
January 20, 2001	50	0	50				Dick Cheney (R) became Vice President of the United States, with the tie-breaking vote.
June 6, 2001	50	1	49				James Jeffords (VT) switched from Republican to Independent and caucused with Democrats.
October 25, 2002	49	99			1	Paul Wellstone (D-MN) died.
November 5, 2002	1	100		0	Dean Barkley (I-MN), who didn't caucus with either party, took Wellstone's seat.
November 25, 2002		100	48	0	1	50	Jim Talent (R-MO) took Jean Carnahan's (D-MO) seat, but there was no reorganization as Senate was out of session.^[3]
November 30, 2002		49		99		1	Phil Gramm (R-TX) resigned
December 2, 2002		50		100		0	Senator-elect John Cornyn (R-TX) was appointed to complete Gramm's term
Final voting share	49%		50%	1%

Beginning of the next Congress	48	1	51	0	100	0	See United States Senate elections, 2002

House of Representatives

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)				Total

	Republican	Independent		Democratic		Vacant
	Republican	caucused with Republicans	caucused with Democrats	Democratic		Vacant
End of previous Congress	222	0	1	210	433	2

Begin	221	1	1	211	434	1
January 31, 2001	220	433		211	2
March 30, 2001	220	210		432	3
May 15, 2001	221	210		433	2
May 28, 2001	209	432		3
June 5, 2001	210	433		2
June 19, 2001		222		434	1
August 5, 2001		221		433	2
August 16, 2001		220		432	3
September 6, 2001		219		431	4
October 16, 2001	220	211		433	2
November 20, 2001	221			434	1
December 18, 2001	222			435	0
July 24, 2002	210	434		1
August 1, 2002	210	434		1	223	0
September 9, 2002	209	433		2
September 28, 2002	208	432		3
November 30, 2002	209	433		2
Final voting share	51.5%	48.5%

Beginning of the next Congress	229	0	1	205	435	0

Leadership

Senate

President of the Senate: Al Gore (D), until January 20, 2001
- Dick Cheney (R), from January 20, 2001
President pro tempore: Robert Byrd (D), until January 20, 2001
- Strom Thurmond (R), January 20 – June 6, 2001
- Robert Byrd (D), from June 6, 2001

Majority leadership

Majority Leader: Tom Daschle (D), until January 20, 2001
- Trent Lott (R), January 20 – June 6, 2001
- Tom Daschle (D), from June 6, 2001
Majority Whip: Harry Reid (D), until January 20, 2001
- Don Nickles (R), January 20 – June 6, 2001
- Harry Reid (D), from June 6, 2001

Minority leadership

Minority Leader: Trent Lott (R), until January 20, 2001
- Tom Daschle (D), January 20 – June 6, 2001
- Trent Lott (R), from June 6, 2001
Minority Whip: Don Nickles (R), until January 20, 2001
- Harry Reid (D), January 20 – June 6, 2001
- Don Nickles (R), from June 6, 2001

House of Representatives

Speaker: Dennis Hastert (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Minority Leader: Dick Gephardt
Minority Whip: David E. Bonior, until January 15, 2002
- Nancy Pelosi, from January 15, 2002

Members

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators' party membership by state

Contents

Senators are listed by their Senatorial Class.

Alabama

3. Richard Shelby (R)
2. Jeff Sessions (R)

Alaska

2. Ted Stevens (R)
3. Frank Murkowski (R), until December 2, 2002
- Lisa Murkowski (R), from December 20, 2002

Minnesota

2. Paul Wellstone (D), until October 25, 2002
- Dean Barkley (I), from November 4, 2002
1. Mark Dayton (D)

Mississippi

2. Thad Cochran (R)
1. Trent Lott (R)

Missouri

3. Kit Bond (R)
1. Jean Carnahan (D), until November 25, 2002
- Jim Talent (R), from November 25, 2002

Montana

2. Max Baucus (D)
1. Conrad Burns (R)

Nebraska

2. Chuck Hagel (R)
1. Ben Nelson (D)

Nevada

3. Harry Reid (D)
1. John Ensign (R)

New Hampshire

2. Bob Smith (R)
3. Judd Gregg (R)

New Jersey

2. Robert Torricelli (D)
1. Jon Corzine (D)

New Mexico

2. Pete Domenici (R)
1. Jeff Bingaman (D)

New York

3. Chuck Schumer (D)
1. Hillary Clinton (D)

North Carolina

2. Jesse Helms (R)
3. John Edwards (D)

North Dakota

1. Kent Conrad (D)
3. Byron Dorgan (D)

Ohio

1. Mike DeWine (R)
3. George Voinovich (R)

Oklahoma

3. Don Nickles (R)
2. James Inhofe (R)

Oregon

3. Ron Wyden (D)
2. Gordon Smith (R)

Pennsylvania

3. Arlen Specter (R)
1. Rick Santorum (R)

Rhode Island

2. Jack Reed (D)
1. Lincoln Chafee (R)

South Carolina

2. Strom Thurmond (R)
3. Ernest Hollings (D)

South Dakota

3. Tom Daschle (D)
2. Tim Johnson (D)

Tennessee

2. Fred Thompson (R)
1. Bill Frist (R)

Texas

2. Phil Gramm (R), until November 30, 2002
- John Cornyn (R), from December 2, 2002
1. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R)

Utah

1. Orrin Hatch (R)
3. Bob Bennett (R)

Vermont

3. Patrick Leahy (D)
1. Jim Jeffords (R) until June 6, 2001, then (I)

Virginia

2. John Warner (R)
1. George Allen (R)

Washington

3. Patty Murray (D)
1. Maria Cantwell (D)

West Virginia

1. Robert Byrd (D)
2. Jay Rockefeller (D)

Wisconsin

1. Herb Kohl (D)
3. Russ Feingold (D)

Wyoming

1. Craig L. Thomas (R)
2. Mike Enzi (R)

House of Representatives

Percentage of House seats held by party:
Republican > 80%

Republican 61–80%

Republican 51–60%

Democratic 51–60%

Democratic 61–80%

Democratic > 80%

Independent/Democratic tie

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

Further information: List of United States Congressional districts

Contents

Alabama

Alaska

At Large. Don Young (R)

Arizona

1. Jeff Flake (R)
2. Ed Pastor (D)
3. Bob Stump (R)
4. John Shadegg (R)
5. Jim Kolbe (R)
6. J. D. Hayworth (R)

Arkansas

1. Marion Berry (D)
2. Vic Snyder (D)
3. Asa Hutchinson (R), until August 5, 2001
- John Boozman (R), from November 20, 2001
4. Mike Ross (D)

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

At Large. Michael Castle (R)

Florida

1. Joe Scarborough (R), until September 6, 2001
- Jeff Miller (R), from October 16, 2001
2. Allen Boyd (D)
3. Corrine Brown (D)
4. Ander Crenshaw (R)
5. Karen Thurman (D)
6. Cliff Stearns (R)
7. John Mica (R)
8. Ric Keller (R)
9. Michael Bilirakis (R)
10. Bill Young (R)
11. Jim Davis (D)
12. Adam Putnam (R)
13. Dan Miller (R)
14. Porter Goss (R)
15. Dave Weldon (R)
16. Mark Foley (R)
17. Carrie P. Meek (D)
18. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R)
19. Robert Wexler (D)
20. Peter Deutsch (D)
21. Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R)
22. Clay Shaw (R)
23. Alcee Hastings (D)

Georgia

Hawaii

1. Neil Abercrombie (D)
2. Patsy Mink (D), until September 28, 2002
- Ed Case (D), from November 30, 2002

Idaho

1. C. L. Otter (R)
2. Michael K. Simpson (R)

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

1. Tom Allen (D)
2. John Baldacci (D)

Maryland

Massachusetts

1. John Olver (D)
2. Richard Neal (D)
3. Jim McGovern (D)
4. Barney Frank (D)
5. Marty Meehan (D)
6. John Tierney (D)
7. Ed Markey (D)
8. Mike Capuano (D)
9. Joe Moakley (D) until May 28, 2001
- Stephen Lynch (D), from October 16, 2001
10. Bill Delahunt (D)

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

At Large. Denny Rehberg (R)

Nebraska

Nevada

1. Shelley Berkley (D)
2. Jim Gibbons (R)

New Hampshire

1. John E. Sununu (R)
2. Charlie Bass (R)

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

At Large. Earl Pomeroy (D)

Ohio

1. Steve Chabot (R)
2. Rob Portman (R)
3. Tony P. Hall (D), until September 9, 2002, vacant thereafter
4. Mike Oxley (R)
5. Paul Gillmor (R)
6. Ted Strickland (D)
7. Dave Hobson (R)
8. John Boehner (R)
9. Marcy Kaptur (D)
10. Dennis Kucinich (D)
11. Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D)
12. Pat Tiberi (R)
13. Sherrod Brown (D)
14. Thomas C. Sawyer (D)
15. Deborah Pryce (R)
16. Ralph Regula (R)
17. James Traficant (D), until July 24, 2002, vacant thereafter
18. Bob Ney (R)
19. Steve LaTourette (R)

Oklahoma

1. Steve Largent (R), until February 15, 2002
- John Sullivan (R), from February 15, 2002
2. Brad Carson (D)
3. Wes Watkins (R)
4. J.C. Watts (R)
5. Ernest Istook (R)
6. Frank Lucas (R)

Oregon

Pennsylvania

1. Bob Brady (D)
2. Chaka Fattah (D)
3. Robert A. Borski, Jr. (D)
4. Melissa Hart (R)
5. John E. Peterson (R)
6. Tim Holden (D)
7. Curt Weldon (R)
8. James C. Greenwood (R)
9. Bud Shuster (R), until February 3, 2001
- Bill Shuster (R), from May 15, 2001
10. Don Sherwood (R)
11. Paul Kanjorski (D)
12. John Murtha (D)
13. Joseph M. Hoeffel (D)
14. William J. Coyne (D)
15. Patrick J. Toomey (R)
16. Joseph R. Pitts (R)
17. George W. Gekas (R)
18. Michael F. Doyle (D)
19. Todd Russell Platts (R)
20. Frank Mascara (D)
21. Phil English (R)

Rhode Island

1. Patrick J. Kennedy (D)
2. James Langevin (D)

South Carolina

1. Henry E. Brown, Jr. (R)
2. Floyd Spence (R), until August 16, 2001
- Joe Wilson (R), from December 18, 2001
3. Lindsey Graham (R)
4. Jim DeMint (R)
5. John Spratt (D)
6. Jim Clyburn (D)

South Dakota

At Large. John Thune (R)

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

At Large Bernie Sanders (I)

Virginia

1. Jo Ann Davis (R)
2. Edward L. Schrock (R)
3. Robert C. Scott (D)
4. Norman Sisisky (D)
- Randy Forbes (R), from June 19, 2001
5. Virgil Goode (R), (I prior to August 1, 2002)
6. Bob Goodlatte (R)
7. Eric Cantor (R)
8. Jim Moran (D)
9. Rick Boucher (D)
10. Frank Wolf (R)
11. Thomas M. Davis (R)

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

At Large Barbara Cubin (R)

Non-voting members

American Samoa. Eni Faleomavaega (D)
District of Columbia. Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)
Guam. Robert A. Underwood (D)
Puerto Rico. Aníbal Acevedo-Vilá (D/PPD)
Virgin Islands. Donna Christian-Christensen (D)

Changes in membership

Senate

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Vermont	Jim Jeffords (R)	Change of Party Affiliation, and joined the Democratic caucus.	Jim Jeffords (I)	June 6, 2001
Minnesota	Paul Wellstone (D)	Wellstone died October 25, 2002. Governor Jesse Ventura appointed Barkley to serve the remaining two months of the term until Senator-elect Norm Coleman, who won the 2002 general election, was installed at the beginning of the next Congress.	Dean Barkley (I)	November 4, 2002
Missouri	Jean Carnahan (D)	As an appointed Senator, Carnahan served only until the election of an elected successor. Carnahan lost to Talent in the 2002 general election, and Talent was installed shortly thereafter	Jim Talent (R)	November 25, 2002
Texas	Phil Gramm (R)	Gramm resigned November 30, 2002 to give Senator-elect Cornyn advantageous office space. Governor Rick Perry appointed Cornyn in November 2002.^[4]	John Cornyn (R)	December 2, 2002
Alaska	Frank Murkowski (R)	Frank Murkowski resigned on December 2, 2002, to take office as Governor of Alaska. He appointed Lisa Murkowski to fill the vacancy.	Lisa Murkowski (R)	December 20, 2002

House of Representatives

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date successor seated
California 32nd	Vacant	Julian Dixon (D) died December 8, 2000, before the beginning of this Congress. A special election was held June 5, 2001.	Diane Watson (D)	June 5, 2001
Pennsylvania 9th	Bud Shuster (R)	Resigned, effective January 31, 2001. A special election was held May 15, 2001.	Bill Shuster (R)	May 15, 2001
Virginia 4th	Norman Sisisky (D)	Died March 30, 2001. A special election was held June 19, 2001.	J. Randy Forbes (R)	June 19, 2001
Massachusetts 9th	Joe Moakley (D)	Died May 28, 2001. A special election was held October 16, 2001.	Stephen F. Lynch (D)	October 16, 2001
Arkansas 3rd	Asa Hutchinson (R)	Resigned August 5, 2001 to head the Drug Enforcement Administration. A special election was held November 20, 2001.	John Boozman (R)	November 20, 2001
South Carolina 2nd	Floyd Spence (R)	Died August 16, 2001. A special election was held December 18, 2001.	Joe Wilson (R)	December 18, 2001
Florida 1st	Joe Scarborough (R)	Resigned, effective September 6, 2001. A special election was held October 16, 2001.	Jeff Miller (R)	October 16, 2001
Oklahoma 1st	Steve Largent (R)	Resigned, effective February 15, 2002, to concentrate on his campaign for Governor. A special election was held January 8, 2002.	John Sullivan (R)	February 15, 2002
Ohio 17th	Jim Traficant (D)	Expelled July 24, 2002 for criminal conviction of 10 counts of bribery, racketeering, and tax evasion.	Vacant	Not filled for remainder of Congress
Virginia 5th	Virgil Goode (I)	Changed Party Affiliation	Virgil Goode (R)	August 1, 2002
Ohio 3rd	Tony P. Hall (D)	Resigned September 9, 2002 after he was appointed to be the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.	Vacant	Not filled for remainder of Congress
Hawaii 2nd	Patsy Mink (D)	Died September 28, 2002 but was elected posthumously on November 5, 2002.	Ed Case (D)	November 30, 2002

Employees

Senate

Chaplain: Lloyd John Ogilvie
Historian: Richard A. Baker
Parliamentarian:
- Bob Dove
- Alan Frumin
Secretary:
- Gary Lee Sisco, until July 11, 2001
- Jeri Thomson, July 12, 2001 - end
Sergeant at Arms:
- James W. Ziglar, until September 3, 2001
- Alfonso E. Lenhardt, September 4, 2001 - end
Secretary for the Majority / Minority:
- Martin P. Paone (Democrats)
- Elizabeth B. Letchworth (Republicans)
- David J. Schiappa (Republicans)

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin
Chief Administrative Officer:James M. Eagen, III
Clerk: Jeff Trandahl
Historian: Vacant
Parliamentarian: Charles W. Johnson
Reading Clerks:
- Mary Kevin Niland (D)
- Paul Hays (R)
Sergeant at Arms: Wilson Livingood
Inspector General: Steven McNamara

References

1 2 Al Gore served until his terms ended at noon on January 20, 2001, when Dick Cheney was sworn in and his term began.
↑ When the Congress began, the Senate was divided 50-50. Because the Vice President's tie-breaking vote would change control from Democrats to Republicans on January 20, the Senate elected Byrd to serve until noon and Thurmond to serve from noon on January 20. Control changed again from June 6, 2001, when Jim Jeffords left the Republican Party and Byrd was once again elected President pro tempore. For details, see party summary > Senate, on this page.
1 2 Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov
↑ senate.gov

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.

External links

United States 107th Congress Web Archive from the U.S. Library of Congress
"Thomas" Project
History, Art and Archives from the United States House of Representatives
Statistics & Lists from the United States Senate
Booknotes interview with Tom Daschle on Like No Other Time: The 107th Congress and the Two Years That Changed America, November 30, 2003.
Congressional Directory for the 107th Congress (2001 - 2002), Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001

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