EPH receptor A4

EPH receptor A4

PDB rendering based on 1b0x.
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
Identifiers
Symbols EPHA4 ; HEK8; SEK; TYRO1
External IDs OMIM: 602188 MGI: 98277 HomoloGene: 20933 ChEMBL: 3988 GeneCards: EPHA4 Gene
EC number 2.7.10.1
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 2043 13838
Ensembl ENSG00000116106 ENSMUSG00000026235
UniProt P54764 Q03137
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001304536 NM_007936
RefSeq (protein) NP_001291465 NP_031962
Location (UCSC) Chr 2:
221.42 – 221.57 Mb
Chr 1:
77.37 – 77.52 Mb
PubMed search

EPH receptor A4 (ephrin type-A receptor 4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPHA4 gene.[1][2]

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands.[2]

In 2012, a publication in Nature medicine revealed a connection between EPHA4 and the neurodegenerative disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), where a defective gene allows ALS patients to live considerably longer than patients with an intact gene. This opens up for development of treatment for this, currently untreatable, disease.

References

  1. Ephnomenclaturecommittee (Sep 1997). "Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands, the ephrins. Eph Nomenclature Committee". Cell 90 (3): 403–4. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0. PMID 9267020.
  2. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: EPHA4 EPH receptor A4".

Further reading

  • Flanagan JG, Vanderhaeghen P (1998). "The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development". Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 21: 309–45. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.309. PMID 9530499. 
  • Zhou R (1998). "The Eph family receptors and ligands". Pharmacol. Ther. 77 (3): 151–81. doi:10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00112-5. PMID 9576626. 
  • Holder N, Klein R (1999). "Eph receptors and ephrins: effectors of morphogenesis". Development 126 (10): 2033–44. PMID 10207129. 
  • Wilkinson DG (2000). "Eph receptors and ephrins: regulators of guidance and assembly; Chapter: Eph receptors and ephrins: Regulators of guidance and assembly". Int. Rev. Cytol. International Review of Cytology 196: 177–244. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(00)96005-4. ISBN 978-0-12-364600-2. PMID 10730216. 
  • Xu Q, Mellitzer G, Wilkinson DG (2001). "Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning". Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. 355 (1399): 993–1002. doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0635. PMC 1692797. PMID 11128993. 
  • Wilkinson DG (2001). "Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development". Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2 (3): 155–64. doi:10.1038/35058515. PMID 11256076. 
  • Fox GM, Holst PL, Chute HT; et al. (1995). "cDNA cloning and tissue distribution of five human EPH-like receptor protein-tyrosine kinases". Oncogene 10 (5): 897–905. PMID 7898931. 
  • Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. 
  • Ellis C, Kasmi F, Ganju P; et al. (1996). "A juxtamembrane autophosphorylation site in the Eph family receptor tyrosine kinase, Sek, mediates high affinity interaction with p59fyn". Oncogene 12 (8): 1727–36. PMID 8622893. 
  • Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM; et al. (1996). "Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis". Neuron 17 (1): 9–19. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80276-7. PMID 8755474. 
  • Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548. 
  • Aasheim HC, Terstappen LW, Logtenberg T (1997). "Regulated expression of the Eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase Hek11 in early human B lymphopoiesis". Blood 90 (9): 3613–22. PMID 9345045. 
  • Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K; et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149. 
  • Bergemann AD, Zhang L, Chiang MK; et al. (1998). "Ephrin-B3, a ligand for the receptor EphB3, expressed at the midline of the developing neural tube". Oncogene 16 (4): 471–80. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201557. PMID 9484836. 
  • Janis LS, Cassidy RM, Kromer LF (1999). "Ephrin-A binding and EphA receptor expression delineate the matrix compartment of the striatum". J. Neurosci. 19 (12): 4962–71. PMID 10366629. 
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