FGR (gene)

FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase
Identifiers
Symbols	FGR ; SRC2; c-fgr; c-src2; p55-Fgr; p55c-fgr; p58-Fgr; p58c-fgr
External IDs	OMIM: 164940 MGI: 95527 HomoloGene: 3842 ChEMBL: 4454 GeneCards: FGR Gene
EC number	2.7.10.2
Gene ontology Molecular function • phosphotyrosine binding • protein tyrosine kinase activity • non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity • protein binding • ATP binding • protein kinase binding • immunoglobulin receptor binding • Fc-gamma receptor I complex binding Cellular component • mitochondrial inner membrane • mitochondrial intermembrane space • cytosol • cytoskeleton • plasma membrane • actin cytoskeleton • extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane • ruffle membrane • extracellular exosome Biological process • immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway • protein phosphorylation • transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway • integrin-mediated signaling pathway • blood coagulation • regulation of cell shape • response to virus • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling • peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation • cell differentiation • positive regulation of cell migration • peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation • Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis • regulation of cell proliferation • positive regulation of mast cell degranulation • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity • innate immune response • regulation of innate immune response • regulation of protein kinase activity • protein autophosphorylation • positive regulation of cytokine secretion • regulation of phagocytosis • defense response to Gram-positive bacterium • cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2268	14191
Ensembl	ENSG00000000938	ENSMUSG00000028874
UniProt	P09769	P14234
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001042729	NM_010208
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001036194	NP_034338
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 27.61 – 27.64 Mb	Chr 4: 132.97 – 133 Mb
PubMed search

Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma viral (v-fgr) oncogene homolog, also known as FGR, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FGR gene.^[1][2]

Function

This gene is a member of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). The encoded protein contains N-terminal sites for myristoylation and palmitoylation, a PTK domain, and SH2 and SH3 domains which are involved in mediating protein-protein interactions with phosphotyrosine-containing and proline-rich motifs, respectively. The protein localizes to plasma membrane ruffles, and functions as a negative regulator of cell migration and adhesion triggered by the beta-2 integrin signal transduction pathway. Infection with Epstein-Barr virus results in the overexpression of this gene. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.^[2]

Discovery

The feline version of this gene was discovered by Suraiya Rasheed, Murray Gardner, and co-workers.^[3]

Interactions

FGR (gene) has been shown to interact with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein.^[4][5][6]

References

1. Tronick SR, Popescu NC, Cheah MS, Swan DC, Amsbaugh SC, Lengel CR, DiPaolo JA, Robbins KC (Oct 1985). "Isolation and chromosomal localization of the human fgr protooncogene, a distinct member of the tyrosine kinase gene family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 82 (19): 6595–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.82.19.6595. PMC 391256. PMID 2995972.
2. "Entrez Gene: FGR Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma viral (v-fgr) oncogene homolog".
3. Rasheed S, Barbacid M, Aaronson S, Gardner MB (Feb 1982). "Origin and biological properties of a new feline sarcoma virus". Virology 117 (1): 238–44. doi:10.1016/0042-6822(82)90522-0. PMID 6175084.
4. Banin S, Truong O, Katz DR, Waterfield MD, Brickell PM, Gout I (Aug 1996). "Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) is a binding partner for c-Src family protein-tyrosine kinases". Current Biology 6 (8): 981–8. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00642-5. PMID 8805332.
5. Finan PM, Soames CJ, Wilson L, Nelson DL, Stewart DM, Truong O, Hsuan JJ, Kellie S (Oct 1996). "Identification of regions of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein responsible for association with selected Src homology 3 domains". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (42): 26291–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.42.26291. PMID 8824280.
6. Rivero-Lezcano OM, Marcilla A, Sameshima JH, Robbins KC (Oct 1995). "Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein physically associates with Nck through Src homology 3 domains". Molecular and Cellular Biology 15 (10): 5725–31. PMC 230823. PMID 7565724.

Further reading

• Patel M, Faulkner L, Katz DR, Brickell PM (1991). "The c-fgr proto-oncogene: expression in Epstein-Barr-virus-infected B lymphocytes and in cells of the myelomonocytic and granulocytic lineages". Pathobiology 59 (4): 289–92. doi:10.1159/000163665. PMID 1652975.
• Resh MD (Feb 1994). "Myristylation and palmitylation of Src family members: the fats of the matter". Cell 76 (3): 411–3. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90104-X. PMID 8313462.
• Lowell CA, Berton G (Mar 1999). "Integrin signal transduction in myeloid leukocytes". Journal of Leukocyte Biology 65 (3): 313–20. PMID 10080533.
• Snapper SB, Rosen FS (1999). "The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP): roles in signaling and cytoskeletal organization". Annual Review of Immunology 17 (1): 905–29. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.905. PMID 10358777.
• Tatosyan AG, Mizenina OA (Jan 2000). "Kinases of the Src family: structure and functions". Biochemistry. Biokhimii͡A 65 (1): 49–58. PMID 10702640.
• Patel MS, Mankoo BS, Brickell PM (Apr 1992). "A polymorphic microsatellite repeat is located close to the promoter region of the c-fgr proto-oncogene (FGR) at chromosome 1p36.2-p36.1". Human Molecular Genetics 1 (1): 65. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.1.65-a. PMID 1339476.
• Link DC, Gutkind SJ, Robbins KC, Ley TJ (May 1992). "Characterization of the 5' untranslated region of the human c-fgr gene and identification of the major myelomonocytic c-fgr promoter". Oncogene 7 (5): 877–84. PMID 1373875.
• Patel M, Leevers SJ, Brickell PM (Feb 1990). "Structure of the complete human c-fgr proto-oncogene and identification of multiple transcriptional start sites". Oncogene 5 (2): 201–6. PMID 1690869.
• Biondi A, Paganin C, Rossi V, Benvestito S, Perlmutter RM, Mantovani A, Allavena P (Mar 1991). "Expression of lineage-restricted protein tyrosine kinase genes in human natural killer cells". European Journal of Immunology 21 (3): 843–6. doi:10.1002/eji.1830210348. PMID 1826268.
• Gutkind JS, Link DC, Katamine S, Lacal P, Miki T, Ley TJ, Robbins KC (Mar 1991). "A novel c-fgr exon utilized in Epstein-Barr virus-infected B lymphocytes but not in normal monocytes". Molecular and Cellular Biology 11 (3): 1500–7. PMC 369433. PMID 1847500.
• Patel M, Leevers SJ, Brickell PM (Feb 1990). "Regulation of c-fgr proto-oncogene expression in Epstein-Barr virus infected B-cell lines". International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer 45 (2): 342–6. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910450222. PMID 2154410.
• Parker RC, Mardon G, Lebo RV, Varmus HE, Bishop JM (Apr 1985). "Isolation of duplicated human c-src genes located on chromosomes 1 and 20". Molecular and Cellular Biology 5 (4): 831–8. PMC 366788. PMID 2581127.
• Brickell PM, Patel M (Dec 1988). "Structure and expression of c-fgr protooncogene mRNA in Epstein-Barr virus converted cell lines". British Journal of Cancer 58 (6): 704–9. doi:10.1038/bjc.1988.294. PMC 2246855. PMID 2852026.
• Tronick SR, Popescu NC, Cheah MS, Swan DC, Amsbaugh SC, Lengel CR, DiPaolo JA, Robbins KC (Oct 1985). "Isolation and chromosomal localization of the human fgr protooncogene, a distinct member of the tyrosine kinase gene family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 82 (19): 6595–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.82.19.6595. PMC 391256. PMID 2995972.
• Cheah MS, Ley TJ, Tronick SR, Robbins KC (1986). "fgr proto-oncogene mRNA induced in B lymphocytes by Epstein-Barr virus infection". Nature 319 (6050): 238–40. doi:10.1038/319238a0. PMID 3003578.
• Nishizawa M, Semba K, Yoshida MC, Yamamoto T, Sasaki M, Toyoshima K (Feb 1986). "Structure, expression, and chromosomal location of the human c-fgr gene". Molecular and Cellular Biology 6 (2): 511–7. PMC 367540. PMID 3023853.
• Katamine S, Notario V, Rao CD, Miki T, Cheah MS, Tronick SR, Robbins KC (Jan 1988). "Primary structure of the human fgr proto-oncogene product p55c-fgr". Molecular and Cellular Biology 8 (1): 259–66. PMC 363113. PMID 3275868.
• Inoue K, Ikawa S, Semba K, Sukegawa J, Yamamoto T, Toyoshima K (1988). "Isolation and sequencing of cDNA clones homologous to the v-fgr oncogene from a human B lymphocyte cell line, IM-9". Oncogene 1 (3): 301–4. PMID 3330776.
• Nishizawa M, Semba K, Yamamoto T, Toyoshima K (Mar 1985). "Human c-f gr gene does not contain coding sequence for actin-like protein". Japanese Journal of Cancer Research 76 (3): 155–9. PMID 3922831.