Interleukin 19

Interleukin 19
Crystal structure of human IL-19 based on PDB: 1N1F​
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1N1F​
Identifiers
Symbols	IL19 ; IL-10C; MDA1; NG.1; ZMDA1
External IDs	OMIM: 605687 HomoloGene: 17813 GeneCards: IL19 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • cytokine activity Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space Biological process • apoptotic process • inflammatory response • immune response • signal transduction • interleukin-6 biosynthetic process • positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade • reactive oxygen species metabolic process • negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	29949	329244
Ensembl	ENSG00000142224	ENSMUSG00000016524
UniProt	Q9UHD0	Q8CJ70
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_013371	NM_001009940
RefSeq (protein)	NP_037503	NP_001009940
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 206.8 – 206.84 Mb	Chr 1: 130.93 – 130.94 Mb
PubMed search

Interleukin 19 (IL19) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL19 gene.^[1]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-10 cytokine subfamily. This cytokine is found to be preferentially expressed in monocytes. It can bind the interleukin-20 receptor complex and lead to the activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). A similar cytokine in mouse is reported to up-regulate the expression of IL6 and TNF-alpha and induce apoptosis, which suggests a role of this cytokine in inflammatory responses. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the distinct isoforms have been described.^[1]

Interleukin-19 is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-10 family of cytokines along with several other interleukins including IL-10, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, and several virus-encoded cytokines. It signals through the same cell surface receptor (IL-20R) that is used by IL-20 and IL-24. The IL-19 gene is expressed in resting monocytes and B cells. It is up-regulated in monocytes following stimulation with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), lipopolysaccharide, or Pam3CSK4.^[2] and ^[3]

References

1. "Entrez Gene: Interleukin 19".
2. Chang C, Magracheva E, Kozlov S, Fong S, Tobin G, Kotenko S, Wlodawer A, Zdanov A (Jan 2003). "Crystal structure of interleukin-19 defines a new subfamily of helical cytokines". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (5): 3308–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208602200. PMID 12403790.
3. Kragstrup TW, Andersen T, Holm C, Schiøttz-Christensen B, Jurik AG, Hvid M, Deleuran B (May 2015). "Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 induced interleukin-19 dampens immune reactions and associates inversely with spondyloarthritis disease activity". Clinical and Experimental Immunology 180 (2): 233–42. doi:10.1111/cei.12577. PMID 25639337.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.