List of Greek and Latin roots in English
The following is an alphabetical list of Greek and Latin roots, stems, and prefixes commonly used in the English language.
Some of those used in medicine and medical technology are not listed here but instead in the entry for List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes.
A
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ab-, a-, abs-, au- [1] | away from | Latin | ab | abnormal, abrasion, absent, abstain, abstraction, aversion, avulsion, abstract |
| abac- [2] | slab | Greek | ἄβαξ, ἄβακος (ábax, ábakos), ἀβακίσκος (abakískos) | abaciscus, abacus, abax |
| ac-, acm-, acr- [3] | point | Greek | ἀκή (akḗ), ἀκίς, ἀκίδος (akís, akídos), ἀκόνη (akónē), ἄκρος (ákros), ἄκρον (ákron), ἄκρα | acidanthera, acme, acmeism, acmesthesia, acmic, acne, paragon |
| ac- [4] | cure | Greek | ἀκεῖσθαι (akeîsthai), ἀκή (akḗ), ἄκος, ἄκεος (ákos) | autacoid, panacea |
| academ- | Akademos | Greek | Ἀκάδημος (Akádēmos) | academe, academia, academic, academy |
| acanth- | thorn | Greek | ἀκή, ἄκανθα (ákantha) | Acanthaster, acanthion, acanthite, Acanthocephala, acanthocephaliasis, acanthocyte, Acanthomintha, Acanthosaura, Acanthus, Metriacanthosaurus, neuroacanthocytosis |
| acar- [5] | mite | Greek | ἀκαρί (akarí) | acariasis, acarid, acariphagous, acaroid, acarology, acarophobia, acarus |
| acer-, acri- | bitter, sharp, sour | Latin | ācer, ācris, acerbus, acere | acerbic, acrid, acrimonious, acrimony, exacerbate |
| acet- | sour, vinegar | Latin | acētum | acetabulum, acetate, acetic, acetone, acetum, triacetate |
| acid- | acidic, sour | Latin | acidus | acidiferous, acidity, acidosis, acidulation, acidulous |
| acr- | height, summit, tip | Greek | ἀκή (akḗ), ἄκρος (ákros) "high", "extreme", ἄκρον (ákron) | acrobat, acrobatics, acrochordon, acromegalia, acromegaly, acromion, acronym, acrophobia, acropolis, acrostic, acroterion, acrotomophilia |
| actin- [6] | beam, ray | Greek | ἀκτίς, ἀκτῖνος (aktís, aktînos) | actinic, actinism, actinium, actinocerid, actinodrome, actinoid, actinomere, actinometer, actinomorphic, actinomyces, actinophryid, actinopod, Actinopterygii, actinotherapy, actinozoa |
| acu-, acut- | sharp, pointed | Latin | acutus, past participle of acuere "to sharpen", from acus "needle" | acerose, acupuncture, acumen, acute, acutifoliate |
| ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, am-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- [7] | movement to or toward; in addition to | Latin | ad "to", "toward" | accept, accurate, adapt, affect, agglomerate, aggregate, aggression, allege, allude, ammunition, annectent, approximate, arreption, arride, arrogant, ascend, assault, assimilate, attend, attract |
| aden- [8] | gland | Greek | ἀδήν, ἀδένος (adḗn) | adenocarcinoma, adenoid, adenoidectomy, adenology, adenoma, adenomyosis, adenosis |
| adip- | fat | Latin | adeps, adipis "fat" | adipocellular, adipose |
| aer- (ΑΕΡ[9]) | lift, raise | Greek | ἀείρειν (aeírein), ἀορτή (aortḗ), αἰρόμενον, ἀϝείρω | aorta, aortic, endaortitis, meteor, meteorology |
| aer- [10] | air, atmosphere | Greek | ἀήρ, ἀέρος (āḗr, āéros) "air" | aerobic, aerodynamic, aeronautics, aeroplane, aerorrhachia, aerosol, aerotitis |
| aesth- | feeling, sensation | Greek | αἰσθητός (aisthētós), αἰσθητικός (aisthētikós) "of sense perception" from αἰσθάνεσθαι (aisthánesthai) "to perceive" | aesthesia, aesthesis, aesthete, aesthetics, anaesthetic, synesthesia |
| aether-, ether- | upper pure, bright air | Greek | αἴθειν (aíthein), αἰθήρ (aithḗr) | ether, ethereal, etheric, hypaethros |
| aev-, ev- | age | Latin | aevum | age, coeval, eon, eternal, longevity, medieval, primeval |
| ag-, -ig-, act- | do, go, move | Latin | agere, actus | act, action, agenda, agent, agile, agitate, ambiguous, castigate, cogent, cogitate, cogitation, excogitate, mitigate, navigate |
| ag- [11] | lead | Greek | ἄγειν (ágein) (cognate with Latin agere), ἀγωγός (agōgós) | agony, antagonist, antagonize, demagogue, pedagogue, pedagogy, strategy, synagogue |
| agap- [12] | love | Greek | ἀγάπη (agápē) | agape |
| agri-, -egri- | field | Latin | ager, agris "field, country" | agriculture, peregrine |
| agro- [13] | field | Greek | ἀγρός (agrós) | agroforestry, agronomist, agronomy |
| ailur- [14] | cat | Greek | αἴλουρος (aílouros) | Ailuroedus, ailuromancy, ailurophile, ailurophilia, ailurophobia |
| alac- | cheerful | Latin | alacer | alacrity, allegro |
| alb- | dull white | Latin | albus | albedo, albino, albumen |
| alcyon- [15] | kingfisher | Greek | ἀλκυών, ἀλκυόνος (alkuṓn, alkuónos) | Halcyon, halcyon |
| ale- [16] (ΑΛ) | wheat flour | Greek | ἀλέω, ἄλευρον (áleuron), ἀλείατα | aleuromancy, aleurone, aleuronic |
| alg- [17] | pain | Greek | ἄλγος (álgos), ἀλγεινός, ἀλγεῖν (algeîn), ἄλγησις (álgēsis) | analgesic, arthralgia, neuralgia, nostalgia |
| ali-, alter- | other | Latin | alius | alias, alibi, alien, alter, alternate, altruism |
| all- [18] | other | Greek | ἄλλος (állos) | allegory, allogenic, allograph, allophone, parallactic, parallax |
| allel- [19] | one another | Greek | ἀλλήλων (allḗlōn) | allele, allelomorph, allelotaxis, parallel, parallelism, parallelogon, parallelogram |
| alph- [20] | A, a | Greek | Α, α, ἄλφα (álpha) | alphabet, alphabetic, analphabetic, panalphabetic, polyalphabetic |
| alphit- | barley | Greek | ἀλφός (alphós), ἄλφιτον, ἀλφίτου (álphiton) | alphitomancy |
| alt- | high, deep | Latin | altus, altitudo | altimeter, altitude |
| am-, amat- | love, liking | Latin | amāre, amatus, amor | amateur, amatory, amenity, amorous, enamoured |
| am-, amic-, -imic- | friend | Latin | amicus | amiable, amicable, amity, enemy, enmity, inimical |
| amath- | sand | Greek | ||
| ambi-, am-, amb-, ambo-, an- | both, on both sides | Latin | ambi | ambidexterity, ambient, ambiguous, ambit, ambition, ambivalent, amboceptor, amputation, ancipital, andante |
| ambly- [21] | dull | Greek | ἀμβλύς (amblús) | amblygeustia, amblygonite, amblyopia, Amblypoda |
| ambul- | walk | Latin | ambulare | ambulance, ambulatory, preamble |
| amm- [22] | sand | Greek | ἄμμος (ámmos), ἄμαθος (ámathos) | amathophobia, Ammophila |
| amn- [23] | lamb | Greek | ἀμνός (amnós), ἀμνεῖος, ἀμνειός, ἀμνίον (amníon) | amniocentesis, amnion, amnioscope, amniote, amniotic, anamniote |
| amph-, amphi- [24] | both, on both sides of, both kinds | Greek | ἀμφί (amphí) "on both sides" | amphibian, amphibious, amphibole, amphibolic, amphimacer, Amphipoda, amphistyly, amphitheatre, amphoterism |
| ampl- | ample, abundant, bountiful, large | Latin | amplus | ample, amplify, amplitude |
| amygdal- [25] | almond | Greek | ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē), ἀμύγδαλον (amúgdalon) | almond, amygdala, amygdale, amygdalin, amygdaloid, amygdule |
| an-, a-, am-, ar- | not, without | Greek | Greek ἀν-/ἀ- "not" | ambrosia, anaerobic, anhydrous, arrhythmia, atheism, atypical |
| ana-, am-, an- [26] | again, against, back, up | Greek | ἀνά (aná) | anagram, anabaptist, anaphylaxis, anarrhexis, anion, anode |
| andr- [27] (ΑΝΕΡ[28]) | male, masculine | Greek | ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός (anḗr, andrós), ἀνδρότης | Alexander, androcentric, androcentrism, androgen, androgenous, androgyne, androgynous, androgyny, android, andrology, androphobia, androspore, diandry, misandry, monandry, philander, polyandrous, polyandry, protandry, pseudandry, synandrous |
| anem- [29] (ΑΝ) | wind | Greek | ἄνεμος (ánemos) | anemograph, anemometer, anemometric, anemone, anemophilous, anemophily, anemophobia, anemoscope, anemotropism |
| anim- | breath, life, spirit | Latin | anima "breath" | animal, animation |
| ann-, -enn- | year, yearly | Latin | annus "year" | anniversary, annual, centennial, millennium, perennial |
| ant-, anti- [30] | against, opposed to, preventive | Greek | ἀντί (antí) "against" | antagonist, antagonize, antibiotic, antipodes, antirrhinum |
| ante-, anti- [31] | before, in front of, prior to; old | Latin | ante "before", "against"; see also antiquus "old" | antebellum, antediluvian, anticipate, antiquarian, antiquated, antique, antiquity |
| anth- [32] | flower | Greek | ἀνθεῖν (antheîn), ἄνθος (ánthos), ἄνθησις (ánthēsis), ἄνθημα (ánthēma), ἀνθηρός (anthērós) | anther, anthesis, Anthocoridae, anthodite, anthology, anthophobia, anthophore, Anthozoa, chrysanthemum, dianthus, enanthem, enanthema, exanthem, exanthematic, hydranth, hypanthium, perianth, zoanthid |
| anthrac- | coal | Greek | ἄνθραξ, ἄνθρακος (ánthraks, ánthrakos) | anthracite, anthracnose, anthracycline, anthrax |
| anthrop- | human | Greek | ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos) "man" | anthropology, anthroposophy, anthropomorphic, misanthrope, philanthropy |
| ap-, apo- [33] | away from, separate, at the farthest point | Greek | ἀπό (apó) "from, away, un-, quite", sometimes "changed, switched" | aphelion, apocrine, apocryphal, apogee, aporrhinosis, apostasy, apostate |
| aper- | open | Latin | aperire | aperient, apéritif, aperitive, aperture, overt, overture, pert |
| aphrod- | Aphrodite | Greek | Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē), Ἀφροδίσιος (Aphrodísios), ἀφροδισιακόν (aphrodisiakón) | aphrodisiac, pseudohermaphroditism |
| aqu- | water | Latin | aqua | acquacotta, akvavit, aqua vitae, aquaculture, aquamarine, aquarelle, aquarium, Aquarius, aquatic, aquatile, aqueduct, aqueous, aquifer, aquiferous, aquiform, gouache, semiaquatic |
| ara- | plow, till | Latin | ărāre | arability, arable, aration, aratory, exarate, exaration, inarable, nonarable |
| arachn- | spider | Greek | ἀράχνης, ἀράχνη (aráchnē) | Arachne, arachnid, arachnodactyly, arachnoid, arachnology, arachnophobia |
| arbit- | judge | Latin | arbiter (from ad "to" + baetere "to come, go") | arbiter, arbitrage, arbitrary, arbitration |
| arcan- | box | Latin | arcanus | arcane, arcanum |
| arch-, arche-, archi- | ruler | Greek | ἄρχειν (árchein), ἄρχων (árchōn), ἀρχή (archḗ) "rule" (in compounds: ἀρχε-, ἀρχι-) | anarchy, archangel, archetype, architect, archon, autarchism, autarchy, exarch, monarchy, oligarchy, patriarchy, polyarchy, synarchy, triarchy |
| archae-, arche- | ancient | Greek | ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos) "ancient" from ἀρχή (arkhḗ) "rule" | archaeology, archaic, archaism |
| arct- | Relating to the North Pole or the region near it; relating to cold | Greek | ἄρκτος (árktos) "bear", ἀρκτικός (arktikós) | Antarctic, arctic, Arctic Ocean, palearctic |
| ard- | heat, glow, passion | Latin | ardere "to burn", arsus | ardent, ardor, arson |
| ardu- | difficult | Latin | arduus "high, steep" | arduous |
| aret- | virtue | Greek | ἀρετή, ἀρετῆς (aretḗ) | aretaic, arete |
| argent- | silver | Latin | argentum | argent, Argentina |
| arid- | be dry | Latin | ārēre "be dry or parched" | arid |
| arist- | excellence | Greek | ἄριστος (áristos) | aristocracy, aristocrat |
| arithm- | count, number | Greek | ἀριθμός (arithmós), ἀριθμέω, ἀριθμητικός (arithmētikós) | antilogarithm, arithmetic, arithmomania, logarithm, logarithmic |
| arsen- [34] | male | Greek | ἄρσην, ἄρσενος (ársēn), ἀρσενικός (arsenikós) | arsenopyrite |
| art- | art, skill | Latin | ars, artis | artifact, artifice, artificial, artificiality, artisan, inert, inertia |
| arthr- | joint | Greek | ἄρθρον (árthron) | anarthria, arthritic, arthritis, arthrogryposis, arthropathy, arthroplasty, arthropod, arthroscope, arthroscopic, arthroscopy, arthrosis, dysarthria, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthropathy |
| arti- | even | Greek | ἄρτιος (ártios), ἀρτιότης "evenness", ἀρτιάκις | artiodactyl, artiodactylous |
| asc- [35] | bag | Greek | ἀσκός (askós), ἀσκίδιον (askídion) | ascidium, ascites, ascitic, ascocarp, ascoma, ascomycete, Ascomycota, ascospore, ascus |
| asin- | ass | Latin | asinus | asinine, ass, easel |
| asper- | rough | Latin | asper "rough" | asperity, exasperate |
| aspr- [36] | white | Greek | ἄσπρος (áspros) | diaper |
| aster-, astr- | star, star-shaped | Greek | ἀστήρ, ἀστέρος (astḗr, astéros), ἄστρον (ástron) "star" | aster, asterisk, asteroid, astrology, astronomy, astronaut, diasterism geaster, monaster |
| asthen- | weak | Greek | ἀσθενής (asthenḗs) | asthenopia, asthenosphere, asthenozoospermia |
| ather- [37] | gruel | Greek | ἀθάρη (athárē) | atherogenic, atheroma, atherosclerosis |
| athl- | prize | Greek | ἆθλος (áthlos) "contest, feat", ἄεθλος | athlete, athletic, decathlon, pentathlon, triathlon |
| -athroid- | gathered or lumped together | Greek | ἀθροίζειν (athroízein) "to gather together" | epiathroid, hypoathroid |
| audac- | daring | Latin | audax "brave, bold, daring", from audere "to dare" | audacious, audacity |
| aud- | hearing, listening, sound | Latin | audire "to hear" | audible, audio, audiology, audit, audition, auditorium, auditory |
| aug-, auct- | grow, increase | Latin | augēre, auctus "to increase" | auction, augend, augment, augmentation, augur, augury, august, author, auxiliary, inauguration |
| aul- | flute, tube | Greek | ἄημι (ἄϝημι), αὐλός (aulós), αὐλέω, αὔλησις, αὐλητής (aulētḗs) | aulete, aulos, hydraulic, hydraulus |
| aur- | relating to gold, or gold-colored | Latin | aurum "gold" | aureate, aureole |
| auri-, aus- | relating to the ear | Latin | auris "ear" | aural, auricle, aurinasal, auscultate, auscultation |
| aut-, auto- [38] | self; directed from within | Greek | αὐτός (autós) "self", "same" | autarchism, autarchy, autarky, authentic, autism, autistic, autocracy, autograph, automatic, automaton, autonomy |
| aux- [39] | increase | Greek | αὔξειν (aúxein), αὐξάνειν auxánein, αὔξησις (aúxēsis), αὐξητικός (auxētikós) | auxanogram, auxanography, auxanology, auxanometer, auxesis, auxetic, auxin, auxochrome, auxology, auxotroph, auxotrophy |
| av- | desire | Latin | avere "crave, long for" | avarice, avaricious, avarous, ave, avid, avidity |
| avi-, au- | bird | Latin | avis | auspice, auspicious, avian, aviary, aviation, aviator |
| axi- [40] | merit, worth | Greek | ἄξιος (áxios) "worth", ἀξίωμα (axíōma) | axiogenesis, axiology, axiom, axiomatic |
| axi- | axis | Latin | axis | axis, axisymmetry |
| axon- [41] | axis, axle | Greek | ἄξων, ἄξονος (áxōn, áxonos) | axon, axonography, axonometric, axonotmesis |
B
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ba- [42] (ΒΑ[43]) | Greek | βαίνειν (baínein), βατός (batós), βάσις (básis), βῆμα, βήματος (bêma), βάτης, βάθρον (báthron), βατεῖν | acrobat, acrobatic, adiabatic, aerobatic, anabasis, anabatic, antiparabema, base, basic, basidiocarp, basidioma, basidiomycete, basidiospore, basidium, basion, basionym, basis, basophilic, bema, catabasis, catabatic, diabase, diabatic, diabetes, diabetic, dibasic, hyperbaton, hypobasis, katabasis, katabatic, monobasic, polybasic, stereobate, stylobate, tribasic | |
| bac- | rod-shaped | Latin | baculum | baculiform, baculum, bacteria |
| bal-, bel-, bol- (ΒΑΛ[44]) | throw | Greek | βάλλειν (bállein), βολή (bolḗ), βλῆμα (blêma) | anabolic, anabolism, ball, ballista, ballistic, ballistospore, belomancy, belonephobia, bolide, catabolic, catabolism, devil, diabolic, emblem, emblematic, embolic, embolism, embolus, holometabolism, hyperbole, metabolism, parable, parabola, paraboloid, parle, parley, problem, problematic, symbol, symbolic, symbolism, taurobolium, thromboembolism |
| bapt- (ΒΑΦ[45]) | dip | Greek | βάπτειν (báptein), βάμμα (bámma) | abaptiston, Anabaptist, baptism, baptize |
| bar- | weight, pressure | Greek | βαρύς (barús/barýs), βάρος (báros) | barograph, barometer, barostat, barycentre, barycentric, baryogenesis, baryon, barysphere, baryton, barytone, hyperbaric, hypobaric, isobaric |
| bas- | step | Greek | ||
| bath- | deep, depth | Greek | βαθύς (bathús/bathýs), βάθος (báthos) | batholith, bathophobia, bathos, bathymetry, bathyscaphe, bathysphere, isobathic |
| be-, beat- | bless | Latin | beare, beatus | beatification |
| bell-, belli- | war | Latin | bellum, belli | antebellum, bellicose, belligerent, rebellion |
| ben- | good, well | Latin | bene (adverb) | beneficence, benefit, benevolent, benign, benignant, benignity |
| bi-, bin-, bis- | two | Latin | bis, "twice"; bini, "in twos" | bicycle, biennial, bifocal, bisexual, bigamy, binary, binoculars, biscotti |
| bib- | drink | Latin | bibere, bibitus | bib, beer, beverage, imbibe |
| bibl- [46] | book | Greek | βίβλος (bíblos), βιβλίον (biblíon) "book" | bible, biblioclasm, biblioclast, bibliogony, bibliographic, bibliography, biblioklept, bibliomancy, bibliomania, bibliophile, bibliophilia, bibliophobe, bibliophobia, bibliotaph |
| bio-, bi- | life | Greek | βιοῦν (bioûn), βίος (bíos) "life", βιωτός (biōtós), βιωτικός (biōtikós), βίωσις (bíōsis) | biodiversity, biography, biohazard, biology, biome, biometric, biosphere |
| blast- | germ, embryo, bud, cell with nucleus | Greek | βλαστάνειν (blastánein), "I put forth shoots", βλαστός (blastós), βλάστημα (blástēma) | blastema, blastochyle, blastocoele, blastula, ectoblast, endoblast, entoblast, fibroblast, osteoblast, sideroblast |
| blenn- | slime | Greek | βλέννος (blénnos) | blennadenitis, blennophobia, blennosperma, blennorrhagia |
| bol- | throw | Greek | ||
| bol- [47] | clod, lump | Greek | βῶλος (bôlos) | bole, bolus |
| bomb- [48] | boom | Greek | βομβεῖν, βόμβος, βόμβησις | bomb, bound |
| bon- | good | Latin | bonus | bonify, bonitary |
| bore- | north | Latin from Greek | borealis "northern" from Βορέας (Boreas) "the north wind" | borealis |
| botan- | plant | Greek | βοτάνη, βότανον (botánē, bótanon), βοτανικός | botanic, botanist, botanology, botany |
| bov-, bu- | cow, ox | Latin | bos (genitive bovis) "ox, cow" | beef, boor, bovine, bucinator muscle |
| brachi-, brachio- | arm | Latin | bracchium | brachiferous, brachial artery, brachiocubital |
| brachi-, brachio-, brachion-, brachioni- | arm | Greek | βραχίων (brakhíōn) | brachialgia, brachionerysipelas, brachionigraph, brachiorrhachidian, brachiosaurus |
| brachy- [49] | short | Greek | βραχύς (brakhús, brakhýs) | amphibrach, brachistochrone, brachycephaly, brachydactyly, brachyury, dibrach, tribrach |
| brady-, bradys- [50] | slow | Greek | βραδύς (bradús, bradýs), βράδος (brádos) | bradycardia, bradysuria, bradytelic |
| branchi- | gill | Greek | βράγχιον (brágkhion, bránkhion) | branchiopneustic, branchiopod, nudibranch |
| brev- | brief, short (time) | Latin | brevis, breviare | abbreviate, brevextensor, brevicaudate, brevity, brief |
| bromat-, bromato-, broma-, bromo- | food | Greek | βρῶμα (brōma) | bromatium, bromateccrisis, bromatherapy, bromatology, bromography |
| brom- [51] | oats | Greek | βρόμος, βρόμη (brómos, brómē) "oats" | brome, Bromus, Bromus ramosus |
| brom- | stench | Greek | βρῶμος (brōmos) "stench, clangor" | bromate, bromide, bromine, bromoderma, organobromine |
| bronch- [52] | windpipe | Greek | βρόγχος (brógkhos/brónkhos), βρόγχια (brónchia) | bronchia, bronchiole, bronchion, bronchitis, bronchomalacia, bronchopneumonia, bronchus, tracheobronchomalacia |
| bront- [53] | thunder | Greek | βροντή (brontḗ) | brontology, brontophobia, Brontosaurus |
| brot- [54] | mortal | Greek | βροτός (brotós) | ambrosia, ambrotype |
| bucc- | cheek, mouth, cavity | Latin | bucca | buccal, buccilingual, buccolingual |
| bulb- | bulbous | Latin | bulbus | bulbiform, bulbiparous, bulboartrial, bulborrhexis, bulbous, bulbule |
| bull- | bubble, flask | Latin | bullire, bulla | bullectomy, bulliferous, ebullient, ebullism |
| burs- | pouch, purse | Latin | bursa | bursa, bursalogy, bursar, bursary, bursectomy, bursiform, disburse |
| butyr- [55] | butter | Greek | βούτυρον (boúturon) | butyric |
| byss- [56] | bottom | Greek | βυσσός, βυσσοῦ (bussós) | abyss, abyssopelagic, hypabyssal |
| byss- [57] | flax | Greek | βύσσος (bússos) | byssus |
C
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cac-, kak- [58] | bad | Greek | κακός (kakós), κάκιστος (kákistos) | cachexia, cacodemon, cacography, cacophonous, cacophony, cacorrhacitis, kakistocracy |
| cad-, -cid-, cas- | fall | Latin | cadere, casus | accident, cadaver, cadence, cascade, case, recidivism |
| caed, -cid-, caes-, -cis- | cut, kill | Latin | caedere, caesus | caesura, excise, germicide, homicide, incisor, scissors |
| cal-, call- | beautiful | Greek | καλός (kalós) "beautiful"; κάλλος (kállos) "beauty", κάλλιστος (kállistos) | calisthenics, calligraphy, Callista, Callisto, calophyllous, kaleidoscope |
| cal- | call | Latin | calare | calendar, claim, class, conciliate, conciliatory, council, intercalate, nomenclature |
| cal- | heat | Latin | calere, calor "heat" | caldarium, caldera, calefacient, calefaction, calefactive, calefactory, calenture, calescent, calid, calor, calore, caloric, calorie, calorifacient, calorific, calorigenic, calorimeter, caudle, cauldron, chafe, chafery, chalder, chaldron, chaud-froid, chauffer, chauffeur, chauffeuse, decalescence, decalescent, nonchalance, nonchalant, recalescence, scald |
| calc- | stone | Latin and Greek | from Latin calx (genitive calcis) "lime", from Greek χάλιξ (khalix) "pebble", "limestone" | calcite, calcitrant, calcium, calculate, calculus, chalicothere, chalk, recalcitrant |
| cale-, cle- [59] | call | Greek | καλέειν/καλεῖν (kaléein/kaleîn), κλῆσις (klēsis), κλητός (klētós) | ecclesia, Ecclesiastes, ecclesiastic, ecclesiology, ecclesiophobia, epiclesis, paraclete |
| calv-, calum- | trick, lie, deceive | Latin | calumnia "slander, trickery", from calvi "to trick, deceive" | calumnious, calumny, cavil, challenge |
| calyp- [60] | cover | Greek | καλύπτειν (kalúptein), καλυπτός (kaluptós), κάλυξ, κάλυκος (kálux, kálukos) | apocalypse, apocalyptic, apocalypticism, calyce, calyptra, Calyptrogyne, calyx, epicalyx, eucalypt, eucalyptus |
| camer- | vault | Latin | camera | antechamber, bicameral, camaraderie, camber, camera, chamber, chamberlain, comrade, concamerate, concameration, multicamera, tricameral, unicameral |
| camisi- | shirt | Latin | camisia | camisade, camisado, Camisard, camisole, chemise |
| camp- | field | Latin | campus "field", "level ground" | camp, campaign, campesino, campestral, campicolous, campimetry, campo, campsite, campus, champignon, champion, decamp, decampment, encamp, encampment |
| can- | dog | Latin | canis | canaille, canary, canicular, canicule, canid, canine, Canis, Canis Major, postcanine |
| can- | reed, rod | Greek | κάννα (kánna), κανών (kanṓn) | cane, canister, canon, canonic |
| can-, -cin-, cant-, -cent- | sing | Latin | canere, cantus | accent, accentual, accentuate, accentuation, canción, canorous, cant, cantabile, cantata, cantation, cantatory, cantatrice, canticle, canticum, cantiga, cantilena, cantillate, cantillation, cantion, canto, cantor, cantus, canzona, canzone, Carmen, chanson, chansonnier, chant, chanteur, chanteuse, chanticleer, charm, concent, descant, discant, discantus, disenchant, disenchantment, disencharm, disincentive, enchant, enchantment, enchantress, incantation, incantational, incentive, plainchant, precentor, recant, recantation, succentor, vaticinate, vaticination, vaticinator |
| cand-, cend- | glowing, iridescent | Latin | candere "to be white or glisten" | candela, candid, candle, candor, incandescent, incendiary, incense |
| cap-, -cip-, capt-, -cept- | hold, take | Latin | capere, captus "take or hold" (vowel changes from a to i in compounds) | capable, capacious, captive, caption, captivate, capture, conception, except, forceps, incipient, intercept, recipient |
| capit-, -cipit- | head | Latin | caput, capitis | achievable, achieve, achievement, ancipital, ancipitous, biceps, bicipital, cabotage, cad, caddie, cadet, cape, capital, capitular, capitulate, capitulation, captain, chapter, chaptrel, chattel, chef, chief, chieftain, co-captain, co-captaincy, decapitate, decapitation, occipital, occiput, precipitation, precipitous, quadriceps, recap, recapitulate, sincipital, sinciput, sous-chef, subcaptain, triceps, tricipital, unicipital, vice-captain, vice-captaincy |
| capr- | goat | Latin | caper (genitive capri) "goat", also capreolus "wild goat" | cab, caper, caprice, Capricorn, caprine |
| caps- | box, case | Latin | capsa | capsule |
| carbon- | coal | Latin | carbo, carbonis | bicarbonate, carbon, carbonara, carbonate, carbonation, Carboniferous, carbuncle, radiocarbon |
| carcer- | jail | Latin | carcer, carcerare, cancelli | chancel, chancellery, chancellor, chancery, incarcerate, incarceration, subchancel |
| carcin- | cancer (disease) | Latin from Greek | Latin from Greek καρκίνος (karkínos) "crab" | carcinogenic, carcinoma |
| cardi- | heart | Greek | καρδιά (kardía) | cardiac, cardiograph, cardioid, cardiology, cardiomyopathy, electrocardiogram, endocardium, epicardium, hemicardia, myocardium, pericardium |
| cardin- | hinge | Latin | cardo, cardinis | cardinal, cardinality, kern |
| carn- | flesh | Latin | caro, carnis | carnage, carnal, carnality, carnary, carnate, carnation, carneous, carnival, carnivore, carnose, carnosity, carrion, caruncle, carunculate, charcuterie, charnel, discarnate, incarnadine, incarnate, incarnation, reincarnate, reincarnation |
| carp- | fruit | Greek | καρπός (karpós) "fruit" | acarpous, angiocarpous, anisocarpic, Carpo, carpogonium, carpology, carpophagous, carpophore, carpospore, cystocarp, endocarp, epicarp, mesocarp, monocarpic, pericarp, polycarpic, procarp, pseudocarp |
| carp- | wrist | Greek | καρπός (karpós) "wrist" | carpal, carpal tunnel syndrome, carpus, metacarpus |
| cast- | pure, cut | Latin | castrare and castus, from kes- (to cut) | caste, castigate, castrate, chaste, chastity, incest |
| cata-, cat- | down, against, back | Greek | κατά (katá) "down, against, back" | catabolic, catacomb, catalyst, catarrhine, catastrophe, catatonia, cathode, cation |
| caten- | chain | Latin | catena | catenary, concatenation |
| cathar- | pure | Greek | καθαρός (katharós) | catharsis, cathartic |
| caud- | tail | Latin | cauda | caudal, coda |
| caus-, -cus- | cause or motive | Latin | causa | accuse, because, causal, causative, cause, excuse |
| caust-, caut- | burn | Greek | καίειν (kaíein), καυστός/καυτός (kaustós), καυστικός | calm, catacaustic, caustic, cauter, cauterize, cautery, diacaustic, holocaust, hypocaust |
| cav- | hollow | Latin | cavus | cave, cavity, excavation |
| ced-, cess- | move, yield, go, surrender | Latin | cedere, cessus | accede, cede, concede, precede, procedure, proceed, procession, recede, secede, succeed, success |
| cel- | hide | Latin | celare "to hide" | ceiling, clandestine, conceal, occult |
| celer- | quick | Latin | celer, celerare | acceleration, celerity |
| cen-, caen- | new | Greek | καινός (kainós) | caenogastropod, caenogenesis, Cenozoic |
| cen- | empty | Greek | κενός (kenós) | cenotaph, kenosis |
| cen-, coen- | common | Greek | κοινός (koinós) | cenobite, coenesthesia, coenocyte |
| cens- | to assess | Latin | censere | censure, census |
| cent- | hundred | Latin | centum | cent, centennial, centurion, percent |
| centen- | hundred each | Latin | centeni | centenarian, centenary |
| centesim- | hundredth | Latin | centesimus | centesimal, centesimation |
| centr- | center | Greek | κέντρον (kéntron) "needle", "spur" | eccentric |
| centri- | center | Latin | centrum | central, center, concentrate, concentric, centrifugal, centripetal |
| cephal- | head | Greek | κεφαλή (kephalḗ) | acephalic, acephaly, anencephaly, autocephaly, brachiocephalic, brachycephalic, cephalic, cephalomancy, cephalometry, cephalon, cephalopagus, cephalopod, diencephalon, dolichocephalic, encephalitis, encephalogram, encephalopathy, holoprosencephaly, hydrocephalus, macrocephaly, mesaticephalic, mesencephalic, mesocephalic, metencephalon, microcephaly, myelencephalon, neencephalon, paleencephalon, prosencephalon, rhombencephalon, rhombencephalosynapsis, syncephalus, telencephalon |
| ceram- | clay | Greek | κέραμος (keramos) | ceramic |
| cerat- | horn | Greek | κέρας (keras), κέρατος (keratos) | keratin, triceratops |
| cern-, cer- | sift | Latin | cernere "to sift, separate" | ascertain, certain, concern, concert, decree, discern, excrement, secern, secret |
| cervic- | relating to the neck, relating to the cervix | Latin | cervix, cervicis "neck" | cervix, cervical |
| ceter- | other | Latin | ceterus | et cetera |
| chir- | of the hand or hands | Greek | χείρ (kheir) "hand" | chiral, chiropractic, chiroptera |
| chelon- | relating to a turtle | Greek | χελώνη (khelōne) "tortoise" | chelonia |
| chlor- | green | Greek | χλωρός (khlōros) | chlorine, chlorophyll, chloroplast |
| chondr- | cartilage | Greek | χόνδρος (chondros) | hypochondriasis |
| chore- | relating to dance | Greek | χορεία (khoreia) "dancing in unison" from χορός (khoros) "chorus" | choreography, chorus |
| chord- | cord | Latin and Greek | chorda "rope" from χορδή (chordē) | chordata, cord |
| chrom- | color | Greek | χρῶμα (chrōma) | chromatic, chrome, chromium, chromosome, monochrome, polychrome |
| chron- | time | Greek | χρόνος (chronos) | anachronism, chronic, chronicle, chronology, chronometer, synchronize |
| chrys- | gold | Greek | χρυσός (khrusos) | chrysalis, chrysolite |
| cili- | eyelash | Latin | cilium | cilia, supercilious |
| ciner- | ash | Latin | cinis, cineris | incineration |
| cing-, cinct- | gird | Latin | cingere, cinctus | succinct |
| circ- | circle, ring | Latin | circulus, circus | circle, circular, circulate, circus |
| circum- | around | Latin | circum | circumcise, circumference, circumlocution, circumnavigate, circumscribe |
| cirr- | orange | Greek | κιρρός (kirros) | cirrhosis |
| cirr- | curl, tentacle | Latin | cirrus | cirrus |
| cit- | call, start | Latin | citare, frequentative of ciere | citation, cite, excite, incite, solicit, solicitous |
| civ- | citizen | Latin | civis | civic, civil, civilian, civility, civilization |
| clad- | branch | Greek | κλάδος (klados) | clade |
| clam- | cry out | Latin | clamare | acclaim, claim, clamor, exclamation, proclamation, reclamation |
| clar- | clear | Latin | clarus, clarare | clarity, clear, declaration |
| clast- | broken | Greek | κλαστός (klastos) | iconoclast, osteoclast |
| claud-, -clud-, claus-, -clus- | close, shut | Latin | claudere, clausus | clause, claustrophobia, conclude, exclude, exclusive, include, occlusion, occult, recluse, seclude |
| clav- | key | Greek | κλείς (kleis) "key" from κλείειν, (kleiein) "to close" | clavichord, clavicle, conclave |
| cleist- | closed | Greek | κλειστός (kleistos) | cleistogamy |
| cleithr- | bar, key | Greek | κλεῖϑρον (kleithron) | cleithrum |
| clement- | mild | Latin | clemens, clementis | clemency, inclement |
| clin- | bed | Greek | κλίνη (klinē) | clinic |
| clin- | lean, recline | Latin | -clinare | decline, declination, incline, inclination, recline |
| cochl- | snail, spiral shell | Greek | κόχλος (kochlos) | cochlea |
| coel- | hollow | Greek | κοῖλος (koilos) | blastocoel, coelom, spongocoel |
| col- | strain | Latin | colare, cōlum | colander, coulee, coulis, coulisse, couloir, cullender, cullis, percolate, percolation, percolator, piña colada, portcullis |
| col-, cult- | cultivate, till, inhabit | Latin | colere, cultus | acculturate, acculturation, agriculture, apiculture, bicultural, colonial, colony, countercultural, counterculture, cult, cultivable, cultivate, cultivation, cultivator, cultural, culturati, culture, deculturate, deculturation, incult, inculturation, inquiline, inquilinity, inquilinous, intercultural, multicultural, postcolonial, precolonial, subcultural, subculture |
| coll- | hill | Latin | collis | colliculus |
| coll- | neck | Latin | collum | accolade, col, collar, decollate, decollation, décolletage, encollar |
| color- | color | Latin | color | bicolor, Colorado, coloration, coloratura, concolorous, decolor, discolor, discoloration, encolor, multicolor, quadricolor, recolor, tricolor, unicolor, versicolor |
| com- | friendly, kind | Latin | cōmis "courteous, kind" | comity |
| con-, co-, col-, com-, cor- | with, together | Latin | cum (from older form quom) | coagulate, collide, compress, connect, connote, contain, corrode, quondam |
| con- [61] | cone | Greek | κῶνος (kōnos), κωνικός (kōnikós) | conic, conical, conicoid, conodont, conoid, conoscope, orthocone, orthoconic |
| condi- | season | Latin | condire | condiment |
| contra- | against | Latin | contra | contraband, contraception, contradict, contraindicate, contrast, contravene |
| copi- | plenty | Latin | copia | copious, copy, cornucopia |
| copr- [62] | dung | Greek | κόπρος (kópros) | coprographia, coprolalia, coprolite, coprology, coprophagia, coprophagy, coprophilia, copropraxia, encopresis, encopretic |
| copul- | bond | Latin | copula "that which binds" | copula, copulation, couple |
| cor-, cord- | heart | Latin | cor, cordis | accord, accordance, accordant, accordatura, concord, concordance, concordant, concordat, corcle, cordate, cordial, cordiality, cordiform, core, courage, courageous, discord, discordance, discordant, discourage, discouragement, encourage, encouragement, misericord, nonaccordant, obcordate, record, scordatura |
| corac- [63] | raven | Greek | κόραξ, κόρακος (kórax, kórakos) | coracoid |
| cori- | hide, leather | Latin | corium, corii | coriaceous, corious, corium, cuirass, cuirassier, cuirie, excoriate, excoriation |
| corn- | horn | Latin | cornū | bicorn, bicorne, Capricorn, cornea, corneal, corneous, corner, cornicle, corniculate, corniferous, cornification, corniform, cornucopia, quadricorn, quadricornous, tricorn, tricorne, tricornigerous, tricornute, unicorn, unicornous |
| coron- | crown | Latin | corona, coronare | corona, coronation, coronavirus, coroner, coronet, coroniform, Coronilla, crown, incoronate |
| corpor- | body | Latin | corpus, corporis | accorporate, bicorporal, concorporate, concorporation, corporal, corporality, corporate, corporation, corporative, corporature, corporeal, corporeality, corporeity, corps, corpse, corpulence, corpulent, corpus, corpuscle, corpuscular, disincorporate, disincorporation, extracorporeal, incorporal, incorporality, incorporate, incorporation, incorporeal, incorporeality, incorporeity, tricorporal |
| cortic- | bark | Latin | cortex, corticis | cortical, corticate, corticiform, corticifugal, corticipetal, decorticate, decortication, decorticator |
| cosm- [64] | universe | Greek | κόσμος (kósmos) | cosmic, cosmogeny, cosmogony, cosmology, cosmonaut, cosmopolitan, cosmopolite, cosmos, microcosm |
| cosmet- | the art of dress and ornament | Greek | κοσμεῖν (kosmeîn), κοσμητική (kosmētikḗ) from κόσμος (kόsmos) | cosmesis, cosmetics, cosmetologist, cosmetology |
| cost- | rib | Latin | costa | accost, bicostate, coast, coastal, costa, costal, costate, curvicostate, entrecôte, infracostal, intercostal, intracoastal, multicostate, quadricostate, supracostal, tricostate, unicostate |
| cotyl- [65] | cup | Greek | κοτύλη (kotúlē) | cotyledon, dicotyledon, dicotyledonous, eudicotyledon, monocotyledon, monocotyledonous, tricotyledonous |
| -cracy, -crat | government, rule, authority | Greek | κράτος (krάtos), κρατία (kratía) | acrasia, akrasia, akratic, anocracy, aristocracy, autocracy, autocrat, autocratic, bureaucracy, democracy, democratic, pancratium, plutocracy, technocracy, technocrat, theocracy |
| crani- [66] | skull | Greek | κρανίον (kraníon) | craniologist, craniometry, craniosynostosis, cranium, hemicrania, megrim, migraine |
| crass- | thick | Latin | crassus | crass, crassitude, crassulaceous |
| crea- | make | Latin | creare, creatus | creation, creature, creole, procreation, recreation |
| cred- | believe, trust | Latin | credere, creditus | accreditation, credence, credentials, credibility, credible, credit, creditor, credo, credulity, credulous, creed, discredit, incredible, incredulous, miscreant, recreant |
| crepid- [67] | boot, shoe | Greek | κρηπίς, κρηπίδος (krēpís, krēpídos), κρηπίδιον, κρηπίδωμα | crepidoma |
| cresc- | grow, rise | Latin | crescere | accresce, accrescence, accrescent, accrete, accretion, accrue, concrete, crescendo, crescent, crew, decrease, increase, recruit, recruitment, surcrew |
| cribr- | sieve | Latin | cribrum, cribrare | cribble, cribellate, cribellum, cribrate, cribriform, garble |
| cric- [68] | ring | Greek | κρίκος (kríkos), κρικοειδής (krikoeidḗs) | cricoid, cricoidectomy, Cricosaurus, cricothyroid, cricothyrotomy, cricotomy |
| crisp- | curled | Latin | crispus | crape, crepe, crêpe, crisp, crispate, crispation |
| crist- | crest | Latin | crista | crease, crest, cristate |
| crit-, crisi- [69] | judge, separate | Greek | κρίνειν (krínein), κρίσις (krísis), κρίμα (kríma) | apocrine, crisis, criterion, critic, critical, criticaster, criticise, criticism, critique, diacritic, eccrine, eccrinology, eccrisis, eccritic, endocrine, endocrinology, exocrine, heterocrine, holocrine, hypercriticism, hypocrisy, hypocrite, kritarchy, Kritosaurus, merocrine, syncrisis |
| cross- [70] | fringe, tassel | Greek | κροσσός (krossós) | crossopterygii |
| cruc- | cross | Latin | crux, crucis | cross, crucial, cruciate, crucifer, cruciferous, crucifix, crucifixion, cruciform, crucify, crucigerous, cruise, crusade, cruzeiro, discruciate, excruciate, intercross, recross |
| crur- | leg, shank | Latin | crus, cruris | bicrural, crural, crus, equicrural |
| -cry | wail, shriek | Latin | critare, from quiritare | cry, decry, descry |
| crypt- [71] | hide, hidden | Greek | κρύπτειν (krúptein) "to hide", κρυπτός (kruptós) | apocrypha, apocryphal, archaeocryptography, crypt, cryptanalysis, crypteia, cryptic, cryptobiosis, cryptobiotic, cryptochrome, cryptogam, cryptogenic, cryptography, cryptology, cryptomonad, cryptophyte, cryptosystem, grot, grotesque, grotto |
| cten- [72] | comb | Greek | κτείς, κτενός (kteís, ktenós) | ctenidium, ctenoid, ctenophore |
| cub- [73] | cube | Greek | κύβος (kúbos) | cubic, cuboctahedron, cuboid, hemicube, hypercube |
| cub- | lie | Latin | cubare | incubation, succuba |
| culin- | kitchen | Latin | culīna | culinarian, culinary, kiln |
| culp- | blame, fault | Latin | culpa | culpability, culpable, culprit, exculpate, exculpatory, inculpable, inculpate, inculpatory, mea culpa |
| cune- | wedge | Latin | cuneus | coign, coigne, coin, cuneate, cuneiform, cuneus, encoignure, obcuneate, precuneus, quoin, sconcheon, scuncheon |
| cur- | care for | Latin | cūra, curare | accuracy, accurate, assecure, assurance, assure, curability, curable, curacy, curate, curative, curator, cure, curettage, curette, curio, curiosity, curious, ensure, inaccuracy, inaccurate, incurable, insecure, insecurity, insurability, insurable, insurance, insure, manicure, pedicure, pococurante, proctor, proctour, proctorage, proctorial, procurable, procuracy, procuration, procurator, procure, procurement, proxy, reassurance, reassure, reinsurance, reinsure, scour, scourage, secure, security, sinecural, sinecure, sure, surety |
| curr-, curs- | run, course | Latin | currere, cursus | concur, concurrent, corridor, courier, course, currency, current, cursive, cursor, cursory, discourse, excursion, incur, occur, recur, recursion, recursive, succor |
| curv- | bent | Latin | curvus "crooked, curved", from curvare "to bend" | cavort, curb, curvaceous, curvate, curvation, curvature, curve, curviform, curvilinear, curvity, incurvate, incurvature, incurve, recurvate, recurve, recurvous |
| cuspid- | lance, point | Latin | cuspis, cuspidis | bicuspid, bicuspidate, cusp, quadricuspid, tricuspid |
| cut- | hide, skin | Latin | cutis | cutaneous, cuticle, cuticolor, cuticular, cutin, cutis, cutisector, intracutaneous, subcutaneous |
| cyan- [74] | blue | Greek | κυανός (kuanós) | cyanic, cyanide, cyanogen, cyanophobia, cyanophore, cyanosis, cyanotic, isocyanic |
| cycl- [75] | circle | Greek | κύκλος (kúklos), κυκλικός (kuklikós) | acyclic, anticyclone, anticyclonic, bicycle, cycle, cyclic, cyclide, cycloid, cyclone, cyclops, cyclosis, cyclotomic, dicyclic, eccyclema, epicycle, epicycloid, hemicycle, hemicyclium, heterocyclic, homocyclic, hypercycle, hypocycloid, isocyclic, mesocyclone, monocyclic, polycyclic, pseudocyclosis, tetracyclic, tricycle, tricyclic, unicycle |
| cylind- [76] | roll | Greek | κυλίνδειν (kulíndein), κύλινδρος (kúlindros) | cylinder, cylindric, cylindroid, cylindroma, pseudocylindric |
| cyn- [77] | dog | Greek | κύων, κυνός (kúōn, kunós) | cynic, cynicism, cynodont, cynology, cynophagy, cynophilia, cynophobia, Cynosaurus, cynosure, eucynodont |
| cyst- [78] | capsule | Greek | κύστις (kústis) | cysteine, cystic, cysticercus, cystine, cystolith, cystoma, oocyst, polycystic |
| cyt- [79] | cell | Greek | κύτος (kútos) | astrocyte, cnidocyte, cytapheresis, cytaster, cytokine, cytokinesis, cytokinin, cytology, cytoplasm, cytostasis, cytostatic, exocytosis, gonocyte, hypercytosis, leukocyte, leukocytosis, monocyte, monocytopoiesis, pancytopenia, phagocytosis, polycythaemia, polycythemia, syncytium |
D
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dacry- [80] | tear | Greek | δάκρυον, δακρύειν, δάκρυμα (dákruma) | dacryoadenitis |
| dactyl- [81] | digit, finger, toe | Greek | δάκτυλος (dáktulos) | anisodactyly, antidactylus, arachnodactyly, artiodactyl, brachydactyly, clinodactyly, dactyl, dactylic, dactylology, dactylomancy, dactylomegaly, dactylus, dactyly, date, didactyly, ectrodactyly, heterodactylous, heterodactyly, leptodactylous, monodactyly, oligodactyly, pamprodactyly, pentadactyl, pentadactylous, pentadactyly, perissodactyl, polydactyly, pterodactyl, schizodactyly, syndactylous, syndactyly, tetradactylous, tetradactyly, tridactyly, zygodactyly |
| dam- [82] (ΔΑΜ) | tame | Greek | δάμασις (dámasis), adamas "untameable, invincible" | adamant, adamantine, adamantinoma, Damian |
| damn-, -demn- | to inflict loss upon | Latin | damnum, damnāre | condemn, condemnation, damage, damnation, indemnify, indemnity |
| de- [83] | bind | Greek | δεῖν (deîn), δετός, δέσις (désis), δέμα (déma), δεσμός (desmós), δέσμα (désma) | arthrodesis, asyndeton, desmid, desmitis, desmoid, desmoplasia, desmosome, diadem, plasmodesma, polysyndeton, syndesis, syndesmosis, syndetic, syndeton |
| de- | down, away from, removing | Latin | dē | decay, declare, decline, decompose, dedicate, deduce, defend, deletion, delineate, delude, demarcate, dementia, depress, derogatory, desecrate, descend, destroy, detract |
| deb- | owe | Latin | debere, debitus | debit, debt |
| dec- [84] | ten | Greek | δέκα (déka) "ten", δεκάς, δεκάδος (dekás, dekádos), δεκάκις (dekákis) "ten times", δεκαπλάσιος (dekaplásios) "ten-fold" | decad, decade, decagon, decagram, decahedron, Decalogue, decamer, decamerous, decameter, decapod, decathlon |
| decim- | tenth part | Latin | decimus, tenth; from decem, ten | decimal, decimate, decimation, decimator, decuman, dime |
| decor- | ornament | Latin | decorus "fit, proper" and decorare "to decorate", from decor "beauty, ornament" and decus "ornament" | decor, décor, decorament, decorate, decoration, decorative, decorator, decorous, decorum, redecorate |
| del- | delete | Latin | delere (from dē + linere) | delete, deletion, indelible |
| delt- [85] | D, d | Greek | Δ, δ, δέλτα (délta) | delta, deltoid |
| dem-, dom- [86] | build | Greek | δέμειν (démein), δῶμα, δῶματος, δομή, δόμος (dómos), δέμας (démas) | apodeme, monodomy, opisthodomos, polydomy |
| dem- [87] | people | Greek | δῆμος (dēmos) | Damocles, demagogue, deme, democracy, demographic, demography, demonym, demophobia, demotic, ecdemic, endemic, epidemic, epidemiology, pandemic |
| den- | ten each | Latin | dēnī | denar, denarian, denarius, denary, denier, dinar, dinero, dinheiro |
| dendr- [88] | tree | Greek | δένδρον (déndron); akin to δρύς (drys) "tree" | dendric, dendrite, dendrochronology, dendrogram, dendromancy, Epidendrum, rhododendron |
| dens- | thick | Latin | densus | condensable, condensate, condensation, condensational, condensative, condense, dense, density, nondense, superdense |
| dent- | tooth | Latin | dens, dentis | bident, bidental, dandelion, dental, dentary, dentate, dentation, dentelle, denticity, denticle, denticulate, dentiferous, dentiform, dentifrice, dentigerous, dentil, dentin, dentinal, dentine, dentition, denture, indent, indentation, indenture, interdental, interdentil, intradental, multidentate, quadridentate, trident, tridentate |
| der- [89] | skin | Greek | δέρειν (dérein), δέρμα, δέρματος (dérma, dérmatos) | Dermaptera, dermatology, dermis, ectoderm, endoderm, epidermis, hypodermic, mesoderm, scleroderma, taxidermy, xeroderma |
| despot- [90] | master | Greek | δεσπότης, δεσπότου, δεσποτικός, δεσποτεία, δεσποτίσκος | despot, despotic, despotism |
| deuter- [91] | second | Greek | δεύτερος (deúteros) | deuteragonist, deuterium, deuterogamy, Deuteromycota, Deuteronomy, deuterostome |
| dexi- [92] | right | Greek | δεξιός (deksiós) | Dexiarchia |
| dexter- | right | Latin | dexter | ambidexterity, ambidextrous, dexterity, dexterous, dextral, dextrality, dextrin, dextrorse, dextrose |
| di- | two | Greek | δι- (di-) | diatomic, dicot, digamy, diode, dipole |
| dia- [93] | apart, through | Greek | διά (diá) | deacon, diagram, dialysis, diameter |
| diacosi- [94] | two hundred | Greek | διακόσιοι (diakósioi), διακοσιάκις "two hundred times" | diacosigon, diacosipentecontaheptagon |
| dic-, dict- | say, speak, proclaim | Latin | dīcere, dictus, dictare | benediction, condition, contradict, dictate, dictation, dictator, diction, dictionary, dictum, edict, indictment, interdiction, malediction, predict, prediction, valediction, verdict |
| dida- | teach | Greek | διδάσκειν (didáskein) | autodidact, Didache, didact, didactic |
| digit- | finger | Latin | digitus | bidigitate, digit, digital, digitate, digitiform, digitigrade, multidigit, multidigitate |
| din- [95] | terrible, fearfully great | Greek | δεινός (deinós) | dinosaur |
| dipl- [96] | twofold | Greek | διπλός (diplós) | diploid, diploma, diplosis |
| doc-, doct- | teach | Latin | docere, doctus | docile, doctor, doctrine, document, indoctrinate, indoctrination |
| dodec- [97] | twelve | Greek | δώδεκα (dṓdeka) | dodecagon, dodecahedron, Dodecanese, dodecaphony, dodecastyle, dodecasyllabic, hemidodecahedron |
| dog-, dox- | opinion, tenet | Greek | δόξα (dóxa) "opinion", from δοκεῖν (dokeîn) "to appear, seem, think", δόγμα (dógma) | dogma, dogmatic, dogmatism, doxology, heterodox, orthodox, paradox |
| dol- | pain | Latin | dolere "to grieve", also dolus "grief" and dolor "pain" | condolence, dol, doleful, dolorous, indolence |
| dom- | house | Latin | domus | dame, domal, dome, domestic, domesticate, domestication, domesticity, domestique, domicile, domiciliary, major-domo, semidome |
| domin- | master | Latin | dominus "master"; (from domus "house") | beldam, beldame, belladonna, codomain, codominance, codominant, condominium, dam, dame, damsel, danger, demesne, demoiselle, domain, dominance, dominant, dominate, domination, dominative, dominator, dominatrix, domine, domineer, dominicide, dominion, dominium, domino, duenna, dungeon, madam, madame, mademoiselle, madonna, predominance, predominant, predominate, quasidominance, semidominance, subdominant, superdominant |
| domit- | tame | Latin | domitare, frequentative of domare | daunt, domitable, indomitable |
| don- | give | Latin | dōnum, donare | condonation, condone, donate, donation, donative, donator, donatory, donor, pardon, pardonable |
| dorm- | sleep | Latin | dormire | dormant, dormitory |
| dors- | back | Latin | dorsum | disendorse, dorsal, dorsiferous, dorsiflexion, dorsiflexor, dorsigrade, dorsiventral, dorsum, dossier, endorse, endorsee, endorsement, indorse, indorsement, reredos |
| dra- [98] | do | Greek | δρᾶν (drân), δραστικός (drastikós), δρᾶσις (drâsis), δρᾶμα, δράματος (drâma), δραματικός (dramatikós) | dramatic, dramaturgy, drastic, melodramatic, monodrama |
| drach- [99] | grasp | Greek | δράσσεσθαι (drássesthai), δράγμα (drágma), δραχμή (drachmḗ) | didrachm, drachm, drachma, dram, tetradrachm |
| dram-, drom- (ΔΡΑΜ) | run | Greek | δραμεῖν (drameîn), δρόμος (drómos) | aerodrome, anadromous, antidromic, catadromous, diadromous, dromaeosaurid, heterodromous, hippodrome, loxodrome, monodromy, palindrome, syndrome |
| dros- [100] | dew | Greek | δρόσος, δρόσου (drósos) | drosometer, Drosophila |
| dry- [101] | tree | Greek | δρῦς, δρυός (drûs), Δρυάς | dryad, dryadic, hamadryad |
| du- | two | Latin | duo | deuce, doubt, dual, duality, duet, duo, duplex, duplicity, duumvirate, duumviri, nonduality |
| dub- | doubtful | Latin | dubius | doubt, dubiety, dubious |
| duc-, duct- | lead | Latin | ducere, ductus | abduce, abduct, adduce, adduct, conduce, deduce, induce, introduce, produce, reduce, seduce, traduce |
| dulc- | sweet | Latin | dulcis | billet-doux, dolce, dolcetto, douce, doux, dulcet, dulcian, dulcify, dulcimer, edulcorant, edulcorate, subdulcid |
| dur- | hard | Latin | durus, durare | dour, dura, durability, durable, durain, dural, duramen, durance, durancy, duration, durative, dure, duress, durity, durous, durum, endurable, endurance, endurant, endure, indurate, induration, nondurable, obduracy, obdurate, obduration, perdurable, perdurance, perdure, subdural |
| dy- [102] | two | Greek | δύο (dúo), δυάς, δυάδος (duás, duádos) | dyad, dyadic |
| dyna- [103] | power | Greek | δύνασθαι (dúnasthai), δυνατός, δύναμις (dúnamis), δυνάστης (dunástēs) | aerodynamic, aerodynamics, antidynastic, autodyne, didynamous, dynamic, dynamism, dynamite, dynamo, dynast, dynastic, dynasty, heterodyne, metadynamics |
| dys- | badly, ill | Greek | δυσ- (dus-) | dysentery, dysphagia, dysphasia, dysplasia, dystrophy |
E
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ec- | out | Greek | ἐκ (ek) | eccentric, ecstasy, ecstatic |
| ecclesi- | assembly, congregation | Greek | ἐκκλησία (ekklēsiā) from ἐκκαλέω (ekkaleō) "I summon" or "I call out" | Ecclesiastes, ecclesiastical |
| eco- | house | Greek | οἶκος (oikos) | ecology, economics, economy, ecumenism |
| ecto- | outside | Greek | ἐκτός (ektos) | ectoderm |
| ed-, es- | eat | Latin | edere, esus | edible, obesity |
| eg- | goat | Greek | αἴξ, αἰγός (aix) | egophony |
| ego- | self, I (first person) | Latin, Greek | ego, ἐγώ | egocentric |
| eiren- | peace | Greek | εἰρήνη (eirene) "peace" | eirenic, irenic, irenology |
| electr- | amber | Greek | ἤλεκτρον (elektron) | electron, electricity, electric, electronic |
| elem-, alm- | pity | Greek | ἐλεημοσύνη (eleemosyne) | almoner, alms, eleemosynary |
| em-, empt- | buy | Latin | emere, emptus | exemption, preempt, redeem |
| eme- | vomit | Greek | ἐμεῖν, ἔμετος (emein, emetos) | emesis, emetic |
| emul- | striving to equal, rivaling | Latin | aemulus, aemulare | emulator |
| en-, em- | in | Greek | ἐν (en) | emphasis, enclitic, enthusiasm |
| enanti- | opposite | Greek | enantios | enantiomorph, enantiomer |
| encephal- | brain | Greek | ἐγκέφαλος (enkephalos) | encephalopathy |
| endo- | inside, within | Greek | ἔνδον (endon) | endocardial, endocrine, endocytosis, endoskeleton, endosperm |
| engy- | narrow | Greek | ἐγγύς (engys) | Engystomops |
| ennea- | nine | Greek | ἐννέα (ennea) | ennead, enneagon, enneode |
| ens- | sword | Latin | ensis | ensiform |
| eo-, eos- | dawn, east | Greek | Ἠώς/Ἕως (ēṓs) | Eocene |
| ep-, epi- | upon | Greek | ἐπί (epi) | ephemeral, epicenter, epidemic, epistemic, epitaph, epithet, epoch, epiphany |
| equ-, -iqu- | even, equal, level | Latin | aequus | equal, equanimity, equate, Equator, equilibrium, equinox, equipoise, equity, equivalence, equivocal, equivocate, iniquity |
| equ- | horse | Latin | equus | equestrian |
| ere- | row | Greek | ἐρέσσειν (eréssein), ἐρέτης (erétēs) "rower", ἐρετμόν (eretmón), εἰρεσία | trierarch |
| erg-, org-, urg- | work | Greek | ϝέργον (wérgon), έργον (érgon), ἐργάτης (ergátēs), ὄργανον (órganon), ὀργανικός (organikós), ὄργια (órgia) | allergic, allergy, argon, demiurge, dramaturgy, endoergic, energetic, energy, erg, ergate, ergatocracy, ergodic, ergometer, ergonomics, ergophobia, exoergic, georgic, heterorganic, homorganic, liturgy, metallurgy, microorganism, organ, organic, organism, organist, organize, organogenesis, organoid, organoleptic, orgiastic, orgy, parergon, surgeon, synergism, synergy, theurgic, theurgist, theurgy, zymurgy |
| erot- [104] | (sexual) love | Greek | ἔρως, ἔρωτος (erōs, erōtos) | erogenous, erotic |
| err- | stray | Latin | errare | aberration, err, errant, erroneous, error |
| erythr- | red | Greek | ἐρυθρός (eruthros) | erythrocyte |
| eso- | within | Greek | ἔσω (esō) | esoteric |
| eth- | custom, habit | Greek | ἦθος (ēthos) | ethology |
| ethm- | sieve, sift | Greek | ἠθεῖν (ētheîn), ἠθμός (ēthmos); ἤθειν (hethein) | ethmoid |
| ethn- | people, race, tribe, nation | Greek | ἔθνος (ethnos) | ethnarch, ethnic, polyethnic |
| etym- | true | Greek | ἔτυμος (etumos) | etymology, etymon |
| eu- | well, good | Greek | εὖ (eu) | euphoria, euthanasia |
| eur- | wide | Greek | εὐρύς (eurus) | Europe, eurypterid |
| ex-, e-, ef- | from, out | Latin | ex | exclude, exist, exit, extend, extrude |
| exo- | outside | Greek | ἔξω (eksō) | exoskeleton, exothermic |
| extra- | outer | Latin | extra, extraneus and exterus | estrange, exterior, extra, extraordinary, strange |
| extrem- | outermost, utmost | Latin | extremus | extreme, extremity, extremophile |
F
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fa-, fat- (FA[105]) | say, speak | Latin | fari, see also fateri | affable, bifarious, confess, defamation, fable, fame, fascinate, fate, ineffability, infamy, infancy, infant, infantry, nefarious, preface, profess |
| fab- | bean | Latin | faba | faba bean |
| fac-, fact-, -fect-, -fic- (FAC[106]) | do, make | Latin | facere, factus | affair, affect, affectation, amplify, artifact, artifice, benefactor, benefice, benefit, confection, counterfeit, defeat, defect, disaffect, edifice, effect, effectible, effection, effective, effectivity, effector, effectual, effectuality, effectuate, effectuation, efficacious, efficacity, efficacy, efficiency, efficient, enface, enfacement, facade/façade, face, facet, facette, facial, faciend, facient, facile, facilitate, facilitation, facilitative, facilitator, facilitatory, facility, facinorous, facsimile, fact, faction, factional, factionary, factious, factitious, factor, factorable, factorial, factory, factotum, factual, fake, fashion, feasible, feat, feature, feckless, fiat, forfeit, infect, inofficious, interoffice, laissez-faire, malefaction, manufacture, modify, nonofficial, office, official, officiant, officiary, officiate, officious, olfaction, omnificence, omnificent, parfait, perfect, perfecta, perfectibility, perfectible, perfection, perfective, perfector, pluperfect, prefect, prefectural, prefecture, prequalification, proficiency, proficient, profit, profitability, profitable, profiteer, profiterole, prolific, qualification, quasiperfect, rarefy, refactorable, refashion, refect, refection, refectory, reinfect, remanufacture, resurface, reunification, sacrifice, scientific, semelfactive, suboffice, subprefect, suffice, sufficiency, sufficient, superficial, superficiality, surface, surfeit, surficial, transfection, trifacial, trifecta, uniface, unifacial, unifactorial, unification |
| falc- | sickle | Latin | falx, falcis | defalcation, falcate, falciform, falchion, falcon |
| fall-, fallac-, fals- | false, deceive | Latin | fallere, falsus, fallax, fallacis | default, fail, fallacious, fallacy, fallible, false, falsetto, falsify, falsity, fault |
| famili- | a close attendant | Latin | famulus | familiarity, family |
| fasc- | bundle | Latin | fascis | fasciculation, fascism |
| fatu- | foolish, useless | Latin | fatuus | fatuous, infatuation |
| feder- | treaty, agreement, contract, league, pact | Latin | foederare, from foedus (genitive foederis); see also fides "faith" | confederacy, confederation, federal, federate, federation |
| fel- | cat | Latin | feles, felis | Felinae, feline |
| felic- | happy, merry | Latin | felix, felicis | felicity |
| fell- | suck | Latin | fellare | fellation |
| femin- | women, female | Latin | femina | femininity |
| femor- | thigh | Latin | femur (genitive femoris) | femoral, femur |
| fend-, fens- | strike | Latin | fendere, -fensus | defend, fend, offend, offense |
| fenestr- | window | Latin | fenestra | defenestration |
| fer- | to bear, carry | Latin | ferre | aquifer, circumference, confer, conifer, defer, differ, ferry, fertile, infer, Lucifer, offer, prefer, refer, suffer, transfer, vociferous |
| ferv- | boil, glow | Latin | fervere | ferment, fervent, fervid, fervor, perfervid |
| feroc- | fierce | Latin | ferox, ferocis | ferocity |
| ferr- | iron | Latin | ferrum | ferrous |
| fet- | stink | Latin | fetere | fetid, fetor |
| fic- | fig | Latin | ficus | Ficus, fig |
| fid-, fis- | faith, trust | Latin | fides "faith, trust", from fidere "to trust" | confidante, confidence, confident, diffident, faith, fealty, fidelity, fiduciary, infidel, perfidious, perfidy |
| fig-, fing-, fict- (FIG[107]) | to form, shape | Latin | fingere "to touch, handle; devise; fabricate, alter, change" | configure, disfigure, effigy, feign, fiction, fictitious, figment, figurine, nonfiction, transfigure |
| fil- | thread | Latin | filum | defile, filament, file, filigree, fillet, profile |
| fili- | son | Latin | filius | affiliation |
| fin- | end | Latin | finis | affinity, confine, define, final, finale, finance, fine, finish, finite, infinite, refine |
| find-, fiss- (FID[108]) | cleave, split | Latin | findere, fissus | fission, fissure |
| firm- | firm, strong | Latin | firmus, firmare | affirm, confirm, confirmation, firm, firmament, infirm |
| fistul- | hollow, tube | Latin | fistula | fistula |
| fix- | attach | Latin | fixare, frequentative of figere | affix, fix, fixation, fixture, prefix, suffix, transfix |
| fl-, fla- (FLA[109]) | blow | Latin | flāre, flātus | afflatus, conflate, deflate, flatulence, flatus, flavor, flute, inflate, insufflation, soufflé, sufflate |
| flacc- | flabby | Latin | flaccus, flaccere | flaccid |
| flav- | yellow | Latin | flavus | flavonoid |
| flect-, flex- | bend | Latin | flectere, flexus | circumflex, deflect, flex, flexible, flexile, flexion, flexor, inflect, inflection, reflect, reflection, reflex |
| flig-, flict- | strike | Latin | flīgere, flictus | afflict, conflict, inflict, profligacy, profligate |
| flor- | flower | Latin | flos, floris | floral, florid |
| flu-, fluv-, flux- | flow | Latin | fluere, fluxus | affluent, confluence, effluent, fluctuate, fluctuation, fluency, fluent, fluid, fluidity, flush, fluvial, flux, influence, influx, superfluous |
| foc- | hearth | Latin | focus | bifocal, focal, focus |
| fod-, foss- | dig | Latin | fodere, fossus | fossil |
| foen- | hay | Latin | foenum | Foeniculum |
| foli- | leaf | Latin | folium | defoliant |
| font- | spring | Latin | fons, fontis | font, fontal, fontanelle |
| for- | bore, drill | Latin | forare, foratus | foralite, foramen, foraminifer, perforation |
| form- | shape | Latin | forma | conform, deform, form, formal, formation, formula, formulate, inform, perform, reform, uniform |
| formic- | ant | Latin | formica | formaldehyde, formic acid |
| fornic- | vault | Latin | fornix, fornicis | fornication |
| fort- | strong | Latin | fortis | force, fort, forte, fortify, fortitude, fortress |
| fove- | shallow round depression | Latin | fovea | fovea |
| frag-, frang-, -fring-, fract- | break | Latin | frangere, fractus | defray, diffract, fractal, fraction, fractious, fracture, fragile, fragment, frangible, fray, infraction, infringe, refract, refractory, refrain |
| frater-, fratr- | brother | Latin | frater | fraternal, fraternity |
| fric-, frict- | rub | Latin | fricare, frictus | dentifrice, friction |
| frig- | cold | Latin | frigere | frigid, frigorific |
| front- | forehead | Latin | frons, frontis | confront, frontage, frontal |
| fruct-, frug- | fruit | Latin | frux, fructis | fructose, frugivorous |
| fug-, fugit- | flee | Latin | fugere | centrifuge, fugacious, fugitive, refuge |
| fum- | smoke | Latin | fumus | fume, fumigation |
| fund- | bottom | Latin | fundare "to found", from fundus "bottom, foundation" | found, founder, foundation, fund, fundament, fundamental, fundamentalism, profound, profundity |
| fund-, fus- | pour | Latin | fundere, fusus | confound, diffusion, effusion, effusive, found, fusion, infusion, perfusion, profuse, profusion, refund, suffusion, transfusion |
| fulmin- | flash | Latin | fulmen "lightning flash" | fulminant, fulminate, fulmination |
| fung-, funct- | do | Latin | fungi, functus | function, fungibility |
| fur-, furt- | thief, steal | Latin | fur (genitive furis) "thief", furare | ferret, furtive |
| furc- | fork | Latin | furca | bifurcation |
| fusc- | dark | Latin | fuscus | fuscous, obfuscate, obfuscation |
G
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| galact- [110] (ΓΛΑΚ[111]) | milk | Greek | γάλα, γάλακτος (gála, gálaktos) | galactagogue, galactic, galactorrhea, lactose, polygala, polygalactia |
| gam- [112] | marriage, wedding | Greek | γάμος (gámos), γαμεῖν (gameîn), γαμέτης (gamétēs), γαμετή (gametḗ) | agamic, agamogenesis, agamospermy, agamy, allogamy, anisogamete, anisogamy, apogamy, autogamy, cleistogamous, cleistogamy, cryptogam, deuterogamist, deuterogamy, digamous, digamy, endogamous, endogamy, exogamous, exogamy, gamergate, gamete, gametic, gametocyte, gametogenesis, gametophyte, geitonogamy, heterogametic, heterogamous, heterogamy, homogametic, karyogamy, misogamy, monogamous, monogamy, oogamy, planogamete, plasmogamy, polygamist, polygamy |
| gamb- | leg | Latin | gamba | gam, gambit, gambol, gammon |
| gamm- [113] | G, g | Greek | Γ, γ, γάμμα (gámma) | gamma |
| gar- (GAR[114]) | chatter | Latin | garrire | gargantuan, gargle, gargoyle, garrulous, jargon |
| gargal- | tickle | Greek | γαργαλίζειν (gargalízein), γαργαλιζόμενον (gargalizómenon), γαργαλισμός (gargalismós) | gargalesis, gargalesthesia, hypergargalesthesia |
| gargar- | gargle | Greek | γαργαρίζειν (gargarízein), γαργαρισμός (gargarismós), γαργαρεών | gargarize |
| gastr- [115] | stomach | Greek | γαστήρ, γαστρός (gastḗr, gastrós) | epigastric, epigastrium, gasteroid, gastric, gastrin, gastritis, gastroenterologist, gastroenterology, gastrolith, gastronomic, gastronomy, gastroparesis, gastropod, gastroptosis, gastroschisis, gastrotrich, mesogastric, Myxogastria |
| ge-, geo- [116] | earth | Greek | γῆ (gē), γαῖα, γαίας (gaîa), γεω- (geō-) | apogee, biogeography, epigeous, Gaia, geocentric, geocentrism, geode, geodesy, geodetic, geography, geoid, geology, geomancy, geometry, geomorphology, geophysicist, geophysics, georgic, Georgics, geosphere, geostatic, geostrophic, geosynchronous, geosyncline, hypogeous, hypogeum, Pangea, perigee |
| geiton- [117] | neighbor | Greek | γείτων, γείτονος (geítōn), γειτόνημα | geitonogamy |
| gel- | icy cold | Latin | gelum | congeal, congelation, gel, gelati, gelatin, gelatinous, gelation, gelato, gelée, gelid, gelifluction, gelignite, jellification, jelly |
| gen-, gon- [118] (ΓΕΝ[119]) | birth, beget, race, kind | Greek | γίγνεσθαι (gígnesthai), and related γένος (génos), γενετικός (genetikós), γένεσις (génesis); see also γενεά (geneá) | allergen, anagenesis, antigen, autogenesis, autogenous, biogenesis, dysgenic, endogen, endogenous, epigene, epigenesis, epigenetics, epigone, erogenous, Eugene, eugenic, eugenics, exogenous, gametogenesis, gene, genealogy, genesis, genetic, genocide, genotype, gonad, heterogeneous, homogenesis, homogenetic, homogeneous, hydrogen, hypogene, hypogenesis, hypogenic, hypogenous, monogenic, oogenesis, paragenesis, pathogen, polygenous, progenesis, pseudogene, spermatogenesis |
| gen- (GEN[120]) | beget | Latin | gignere, genitus, genus (genitive generis), see also generare | congenial, engender, gender, generate, generation, genial, genius, genital, genitive, genteel, gentle, genuine, genus, indigenous, ingenious, ingenuous, primogenitor, progeny |
| gephyr- [121] | bridge | Greek | γέφυρα (géphura), γεφυρόω | gephyrophobia |
| ger- [122] | old | Greek | γέρων, γέροντος (gérōn, gérontos) "old man", γηράσκω "grow old" | erigeron, gerascophobia, geriatric, geriatrics, gerontocracy, gerontology, gerontophile, gerontophilia, gerontophobia, gerontoplast, gerousia, progeria, progeroid |
| ger-, gest- (GES[123]) | bear, carry | Latin | gerere, gestus | agger, congest, digest, gerundive, gestation, register, suggest, vicegerent |
| geran- [124] | crane | Greek | γέρανος (géranos), γεράνιον (geránion), γερανώδης | Geranium |
| germ- | sprout | Latin | germen, germinis | germ, German, germane, germicide, germinal, germinate, germination, nongermane, regerminate |
| geu- [125] (ΓΕΥΣ[126]) | taste | Greek | γεύειν (geúein), γεύεσθαι (geúesthai), γεῦσις, γευόμενον | ageusia, dysgeusia, hypergeusia, hypogeusia, parageusia |
| glabr- | hairless | Latin | glaber | glabella, glabellar, glabrate, glabrescent, glabrous |
| glaci- | ice | Latin | glacies | glacé, glacial, glaciation, glacier, glacious, glacis, glance |
| gladi- | sword | Latin | gladius | gladiator, gladiolus |
| glauc- [127] | gray | Greek | γλαυκός (glaukós), γλαυκότης, γλαύξ, γλαῦκος | glaucophane, Glaucopsyche |
| glia- [128] | glue | Greek | γλία (glía) | glial, glioblastoma, glioma, gliosis, microglia, neuroglia |
| glob- | sphere | Latin | globus | global, globate, globe, globose, globosity, globular, globule, globulin, inglobate |
| glori- | glory | Latin | gloria | gloriation, glorification, glorify, gloriole, glorious, glory, inglorious, vainglorious, vainglory |
| gloss-, glot- [129] | tongue | Greek | γλῶσσα (glôssa), γλωττίς (glōttís) | aglossia, anthropoglot, aryepiglottic, diglossia, epiglottis, gloss, glossary, glossophobia, glottis, heterogloss, heteroglossia, idioglossia, isogloss, monoglot, monoglottism, polyglot, polyglottism |
| glut- [130] | rump | Greek | γλουτός (gloutós) | gluteus |
| glutin- | glue | Latin | gluten, glutinis | agglutinant, agglutinate, agglutination, agglutinative, glue, glutelin, gluten, glutinosity, glutinous, nonagglutinative |
| glyc- [131] | sweet | Greek | γλυκύς (glukús) | glycogen, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, glycolipid, glycophyte, glycoprotein, glycoside, glycosidic, hypoglycaemia |
| glyph- [132] | carve | Greek | γλύφειν (glúphein), γλυφή (gluphḗ), γλυπτός (gluptós), γλυπτικός (gluptikós) | aglyphous, anaglyph, ditriglyph, ditriglyphic, glyph, glyptic, Glyptodon, glyptograph, hieroglyph, hieroglyphic, monotriglyph, opisthoglyphous, petroglyph, proteroglyphous, solenoglyphous |
| gnath- [133] | jaw | Greek | γνάθος (gnáthos), γναθμός | Agnatha, agnathous, chilognath, compsognathus, endognathion, epignathous, exognathion, gnathic, gnathophyma, hypognathous, hystricognath, mesognathion, mesognathous, prognathism |
| gno- [134] (ΓΝΩ[135]) | know | Greek | γιγνώσκειν (gignṓskein), γνῶναι, γνωτός (gnōtós), γνωστός (gnōstós), γνωστικός (gnōstikós), γνῶσις (gnṓsis), γνῶσμα, γνώμη (gnṓmē), γνώμων (gnṓmōn) | agnosia, agnostic, agnosticism, anagnorisis, diagnosis, dysanagnosia, gnomic, gnomon, gnomonic, gnosia, gnosis, Gnostic, gnosticism, pathognomonic, physiognomy, prognosis, telegnosis |
| gnosc-, -gnit- | know | Latin | gnoscere | acquaint, acquaintance, agnition, agnize, cognition, cognitional, cognitive, cognitivity, cognizable, cognizance, cognizant, cognize, cognoscence, cognoscenti, cognoscible, cognovit, connoisseur, ennoble, ennoblement, ignoble, ignorant, ignoscible, incognito, nobiliary, nobilitate, nobilitation, nobility, noble, note, notice, noticeable, notion, notional, notionality, notoriety, notorious, precognition, quaint, reacquaint, recognition, recognize, reconnaissance, reconnoiter, reconnoitre |
| gon- [136] | corner, angle, knee | Greek | γωνία (gōnía), γόνυ (gónu) | goniometer, gonion, gonioscope, gonitis, gonyaulax, gonycampsis, hexagon, pentagon, polygon, trigon, trigonometry |
| grad-, gred-, gress- (GRAD[137]) | walk, step, go | Latin | gradi, gressus "to step", from gradus "step" | aggradation, aggression, antegrade, anterograde, centigrade, degrade, degree, egress, gradation, grade, gradient, gradine, gradual, graduality, graduate, graduation, gree, ingress, multigrade, nongraduate, postgraduate, progradation, prograde, progress, regress, retrogradation, retrograde, saltigrade, tardigrade, transgress |
| gramm- | letter, writing | Greek | γράφειν (gráphein), γράμμα, γράμματος (grámma, grámmatos), γραμματικός (grammatikós) | anagram, anagrammatic, diagram, diagrammatic, engram, epigram, epigrammatic, grammar, grammatic, grammaticist, hologram, lipogram, monogram, pangrammatic, pentagram, program, programmatic, telegram, telegramme, tetragram, tetragrammaton, trigram |
| gran- | grain | Latin | grānum | degranulation, engrain, filigree, garner, garnet, grain, granary, grange, granger, granite, granivore, granivorous, granivory, granola, granular, granularity, granulate, granulation, granule, grenade, grogram, grosgrain, ingrain, multigrain, pomegranate |
| grand- | grand | Latin | grandis | aggrandisement, grandee, grandeur, grandific, grandiloquent, grandiloquous, grandiose, grandiosity, grandioso, grandity |
| graph- [138] | draw, write | Greek | γράφειν (gráphein), γραφικός (graphikós), γραφή (graphḗ), γραφία (graphía), γραφεῖον (grapheîon) | allograft, anepigraphic, autograft, autograph, digraph, epigraphic, epigraphy, graft, graph, grapheme, graphemics, graphene, graphic, graphite, graphology, graphomania, heterograph, hexagraph, holography, homograph, isograft, logographic, micrograph, monograph, orthography, paragraph, photograph, photographic, photomicrograph, polygraph, pseudepigraphy, syngraft, telegraph, telegraphy, tetragraph, trigraph |
| grat- | thank, please | Latin | grātus, see also gratia | aggrace, agree, agreeable, agreeance, agreement, congratulant, congratulate, congratulatory, congree, disagree, disagreeable, disagreement, disgrace, grace, graciosity, gracioso, gracious, gratification, gratify, gratis, gratitude, gratuitous, gratuity, gratulant, gratulate, gratulation, gratulatory, grazioso, gree, ingrate, ingratiate, ingratiation, ingratitude, maugre, noncongratulatory, nongratuitous |
| grav- | heavy | Latin | gravis | aggravate, aggravation, aggravative, aggravator, aggrieve, aggrievement, degravation, gravamen, grave, gravid, gravida, gravidity, gravitas, gravitate, gravitation, gravitational, gravity, grief, grieve, grievance, grievant, grievous, ingravescence, ingravescent, multigravida, multigravidity, nongravitational, nulligravida, primigravida, reaggravate, supergravity |
| greg- | flock, herd | Latin | grex, gregis | aggregate, aggregation, aggregator, congregant, congregate, congregation, congregational, desegregate, desegregation, disaggregate, disgregate, disgregation, egregious, gregarian, gregarine, gregarious, intercongregational, segregate, segregation |
| gryp- [139] | hooked | Greek | γρυπός (grupós), γρυπότης, γρύπωσις (grúpōsis) | arthrogryposis, Grypoceras, Gryposaurus |
| gubern- | govern, pilot | Latin | gubernare | gubernatorial |
| gust- | taste | Latin | gustus | disgust, gustatory, gusto, gustoso |
| gutt- | drop | Latin | gutta | gout, gutta, guttate, guttifer, guttiform |
| guttur- | throat | Latin | guttur | goitre, guttural |
| gymn- [140] | nude | Greek | γυμνός (gumnós) | gymnasium, gymnast, gymnastics, gymnophobia, gymnoplast, gymnosophist, gymnosperm, gymnospore |
| gyn-, gynaec- [141] | woman | Greek | γυνή, γυναικός, (gunḗ, gunaikós) | acrogynous, androgyne, androgynous, androgyny, epigyne, epigynous, epigynum, gymnogynous, gynaeceum, gynaecocracy, gynarchy, gyne, gynecocracy, gynecology, gynecomastia, gynodioecious, gynoecium, gynoid, gynophobia, heterogynous, hypogynous, misogynist, monogyny, oligogyny, philogyny, polygynist, polygyny |
| gyr- [142] | ring | Greek | γῦρος (gûros), γυρός | gyre, gyrectomy, gyrencephalic, gyrodyne, gyroid, gyromagnetic, gyromancy, gyroscope, gyrosphere, gyrostat, gyrostatic gyrotropic, gyrus, polygyria, ulegyria |
| gyrin- | tadpole | Greek | γυρός, γυρῖνος (gurînos), γυρινώδης (gurinṓdēs) | Gyrinophilus |
H
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| hab-, -hib-, habit-, -hibit- | have | Latin | habere, habitus | ability, able, debenture, debile, debilitate, debility, debit, debitor, debt, debtor, habit, prohibition |
| hadr- [143] | thick | Greek | ἁδρός (hadrós) | hadrocodium, hadron, hadrosaurid |
| haem-, hem- [144] | blood | Greek | αἷμα, αἵματος (haîma, haímatos) | anaemia, haematemesis, haematopoiesis, haemophilia, haemophobia, haemoptysis, haemorrhage, haemorrhoid, haemostatic, hematocrit, hematogenesis, hematoma, hematophagy, hematopoiesis, hematopoietic, hemocoel, hemocyte, hemoglobin, hemophagy, hemophilia, hemophiliac, hemoptysis, hemorrhage, hemorrhagic, hemorrhea, hemorrhoid, hemorrhoidectomy, hemostat, hemotherapy, hyperaemia, hyperemia, hyphaema, hyphema, polycythaemia |
| hal- [145] | salt | Greek | ἅλς, ἁλός (háls, halós) | halide, halite, halochromic, halochromism, halogen, halomancy, halophile, halophyte |
| hal-, -hel- | breathe | Latin | halare, halatus | anhelation, exhalation, exhale, inhalant, inhale, halitosis |
| hapl- [146] | simple, single | Greek | ἁπλοῦς (haploûs), ἅπλωσις (háplōsis) | haplography, haploid, haplology, haplont, haplontic, haplophase, haplopia, haplosis, haplotype |
| haur-, haust- | draw | Latin | haurire, haustus | exhaust, exhaustible, exhaustion, exhaustive, hauriant, haurient, haustellate, haustellum, haustorium, haustrum, inexhaustible, nonexhaustive |
| hedo- | pleasure | Greek | ἡδονή (hēdonē) | hedonism, hedonist |
| heli- [147] | sun | Greek | ἥλιος (hḗlios) | aphelion, heliocentric, heliocentrism, heliodor, heliograph, heliolatry, heliomania, heliometer, heliopause, heliophobia, heliophyte, Helios, helioscope, heliosphere, heliostat, heliotherapy, heliotrope, heliotropism, helium, parhelion, perihelion |
| hemer- [148] | day | Greek | ἡμέρα (hēméra) | Decameron, ephemeral, ephemeris, ephemeron, ephemerous |
| hemi- | half | Greek | ἥμισυς (hēmisus) | hemicube, hemicycle, hemisphere |
| hemo- | blood | Greek | ||
| hen- | one | Greek | ἕν (hén) | enosis, enotikon, henad, hendiadys, henotheism, hyphen |
| hendec- [149] | eleven | Greek | ἕνδεκα (héndeka) | hendecagon, hendecagram, hendecasyllabic, hendecasyllable |
| hept- [150] | seven | Greek | ἑπτά (heptá) | heptachord, heptagon, heptameter, heptathlon, heptode |
| her-, heir- | heir | Latin | heres (genitive heredis) | heir, heiress, hereditary, heredity, heritage, inherit |
| here-, hes- | cling, stick | Latin | haerere, haesus | adhere, adhesive, cohere, coherent, cohesive, hesitate, incoherent, inherent, inhesion, nonadherence, nonadherent, nonadhesive |
| herald- | messenger, envoy | Latin | heraldus | herald, heraldic, heraldry |
| herb- | grass | Latin | herba | herbal, herbicide, herbivore |
| heres-, heret- | take, choose | Greek | αἴρω (hairein) "to take, choose" | heresy, heretic, heretical |
| herp- | creep | Greek | ἕρπω, ἕρπειν (herpō, herpein) | herpes, herpetology |
| heter- | different, other | Greek | ἕτερος (heteros) | heterochromatin, heterodoxy, heterogeneity, heterogeneous, heterosexual |
| heur- | find | Greek | εὑρίσκω (heuriskō) | heuristic |
| hex- [151] | six | Greek | ἕξ (héx) | hexad, hexagon, hexahedron, hexamerous, hexameter, hexapod, hexode |
| hi- | gape | Latin | hiare | dehisce, dehiscence, dehiscent, hiatal, hiatus, indehiscence, indehiscent, inhiation |
| hibern- | wintry | Latin | hibernus | hibernation |
| hiem- | winter | Latin | hiems | hiemal |
| hier- | sacred | Greek | ἱερός (hieros) | hierarchy, hieroglyphics |
| hipp- | horse | Greek | ἵππος (hippos) | hippodrome, hippopotamus |
| hirsut- | hairy | Latin | hirtus, hirsutus | hirsute |
| hispid- | bristly | Latin | hispidus | hispidity, hispidulous |
| histri- | actor | Latin | histrio, histrionis | histrionic |
| hod- | way | Greek | ὁδός (hodos) | anode, cathode, herpolhode, hodometer, synod, tetrode, triode |
| hol- | whole | Greek | ὅλος (holos) | holistic, holography |
| hom- | same | Greek | ὁμός (homos) | homogeneous, homophone, homonym, homosexual, homozygous |
| homal- | even, flat | Greek | ὁμαλός (homalos) "even", from ὁμός (homos) "same" | anomalous, anomaly |
| home- | like | Greek | ὅμοιος (homoios) | homeostasis |
| homin- | human | Latin | homo, hominis | hominid |
| honor- | esteem | Latin | honos, honoris | honorable, honorarium |
| hor- | boundary | Greek | ὅρος (horos) | aphorism, horizon |
| hor- | hour | Greek | ὥρα (hōra) | horoscope |
| horm- | that which excites | Greek | ὁρμή (hormē) | hormone |
| hort- | garden | Latin | hortus, horti | horticulture |
| hospit- | host | Latin | hospes, hospitis | hospice, hospital, hospitality, inhospitable |
| host- | enemy | Latin | hostis | hostile |
| hum- | ground | Latin | humus, humare | exhume, exhumation, human, humane, humanity, humus, inhume |
| hyal- [152] | glass | Greek | ὕαλος (húalos) | hyaline, hyaloid |
| hybr- [153] | wantonness | Greek | ὕβρις (húbris), ὑβρίζω, ὕβριστος, ὑβριστικός (hubristikós), ὑβρισμός, ὕβρισμα, ὑβριστής | hubris, hubristic, hybris, hybristic |
| hydn- [154] | truffle | Greek | ὕδνον (húdnon) | hydnoid, Hydnum |
| hydr- [155] | water | Greek | ὕδωρ, ὕδατος (húdōr, húdatos), ὕδρα (húdra) | clepsydra, dehydrate, hydathode, hydatid, hydatidosis, hydra, hydrant, hydrate, hydraulic, hydraulics, hydrochloric, hydrodynamics, hydroelectric, hydrogen, hydrologist, hydrology, hydrolysis, hydromancy, hydrophile, hydrophilic, hydrophily, hydrophobia, hydrophobic, hydroponic, hydrosphere, hydrostat, hydrostatic, hydrothermic, hydrous, hydrozoa, polyhydric |
| hygr- [156] | wet | Greek | ὑγρός (hugrós) | hygric, hygroma, hygrometer |
| hymen- [157] | skin or membrane | Greek | ὑμήν, ὑμένος (humḗn, huménos) | hymen, hymenium, hymenomycete, hymenophore, hymenoplasty, Hymenoptera, hymenorrhaphy, hymenotomy |
| hyo- | U-shaped | Greek | ὑοειδής (huoeidḗs) | hyoid, hyostyly |
| hyp- [158] | under | Greek | ὑπό (hupó) | hyphen, hypoallergenic, hypodermic, hypogene, hypothermia, hypotonic, hypoxemia |
| hyper- [159] | above, over | Greek | ὑπέρ (hupér) | hyper, hyperbole, Hyperion, hyperlink, hyperpyrexia, hyperthermia, hypertonic |
| hyph- [160] | weave | Greek | ὑφαίνειν (huphaínein), ὕφασμα, ὑφή (huphḗ) "web" | hypha, hyphomycete, hyphopodium |
| hypn- [161] | sleep | Greek | ὕπνος (húpnos) | hypnagogia, hypnagogic, hypnolepsy, hypnophobia, hypnopompia, hypnopompic, hypnosis, hypnotherapy, hypnotic, hypnotist, hypnotize |
| hyps- | height | Greek | ὕψι, ὕψιστος, ὕψος (húpsos), ὑψοῦ, ὑψόθεν | hypsography, hypsometer, hypsophobia |
| hys- | hog | Greek | ὗς (hûs), ὕαινα (húaina) | hyena, hyenoid |
| hyster- [162] | womb | Greek | ὑστέρα (hustéra) | hysteralgia, hysteratresia, hysterectomy, hysteria, hysteric, hysterosalpingography |
| hyster- [163] | later | Greek | ὑστερεῖν (hustereîn), ὕστερος (hústeros), ὑστέρησις (hustérēsis), ὑστέρημα (hustérēma) | hysteresis, hysteretic, hysteron proteron |
I
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| iatr- | heal | Greek | ἰᾶσθαι (iâsthai), ἰατρός (iatrós), ἰατρικός (iātrikós), ἴασις, ἴαμα | iatrogenic, psychiatrist |
| ichthy-, ich- | fish | Greek | ἰχθύς, ἰχθύος (ichthús, ichthúos) | ichthyology |
| icos- | twenty | Greek | εἴκοσι (eíkosi), ϝεικοσι | icosagon, icosahedron |
| id- | shape, form, picture | Greek | εἶδειν (eídein), εἶδος (eîdos) | idol, idolatry, idyll |
| ide- | idea; thought | Greek | ἰδεῖν (ideîn), ιδέα (idéa) | ideogram, ideologue, ideology |
| idi- | own, peculiarity | Greek | ἴδιος (ídios), "private, personal, one's own", ϝίδιος | idiom, idiopathic, idiosyncrasy, idiosyncratic, idiot |
| ign- | fire | Latin | ignis | igneous, ignite, ignition |
| imagin- | copy | Latin | imāgō, imāginis | image, imagine |
| in- | sinew | Greek | ἴς, ἰνός (ís, inós), ἰνίον (iníon) | inion |
| in- (1), il-, im- | in, on | Latin | in | illuminate, import, incur, intend, invite |
| in- (2), il-, im-, ir- | not, un- (negation) | Latin | in- | illicit, impossible, inimical, irrational |
| inan- | empty, vain | Latin | inanitio "emptiness" and inanitas "worthlessness", from inanire "to empty", from inanis "empty, void, worthless" | inane, inanition, inanity |
| infra- | below, under | Latin | infra | infrastructure |
| insul- | island | Latin | insula | insular, insulation |
| inter- | among, between | Latin | inter (preposition) | intercollegiate, intermission, intersection |
| intra- | within | Latin | intra | intramural |
| irasc-, irat- | be angry | Latin | irasci "grow angry", from ira "anger" | irascible, irate, ire |
| irid- | rainbow | Latin | iris | iridescent |
| is-, iso- | equal, same | Greek | ἴσος (ísos), ϝίσϝος (wíswos) | isometric, isomorphic, isosceles, isotonic, isotropic |
| ischi- | hip joint | Greek | ἰσχίον (ischíon), ἰσχιαδικός (ischiadikós) | ischiadic, ischium, sciatic, sciatica |
| iter- | again | Latin | iterum, iterare | iteration |
| itiner- | journey | Latin | iter, itineris | itinerary |
J
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| jac- | lie | Latin | jacēre "to be thrown" | adjacency, adjacent, circumjacency, circumjacent, ease, easy, interjacent, interjoist, joist, nonadjacent, subjacent, superjacent |
| jac-, -ject- | cast, throw | Latin | jacere (also spelled iacere), iectus | abject, adjectival, adjective, conjectural, conjecture, deject, dejection, disject, disjection, ejaculate, ejaculation, ejaculatory, eject, ejecta, ejection, ejective, ejectment, ejector, inject, injection, injective, injector, interject, interjection, interjectional, interjector, interjectory, introject, introjection, introjective, jactation, jactitation, jaculate, jaculation, jaculator, jaculatory, jaculiferous, jet, jetsam, jettison, nonobjective, object, objectification, objection, objectionable, objective, objectivity, objector, parget, project, projectile, projection, projective, projector, reject, rejectamenta, rejection, subject, subjection, subjective, subjectivity, subjicible, surjection, surjective, traject, trajectile, trajection, trajectory, trijet |
| janu- | door | Latin | janua | janitor, January |
| joc- | jest | Latin | jocus (also spelled iocus) | jewel, jewelry, jocose, jocosity, jocular, jocularity, joke, jongleur, juggle |
| judic- | judge | Latin | jūdex, iūdicis | adjudicate, adjudication, adjudicative, adjudicator, adjudicatory, extrajudicial, injudicious, judge, judgement, judgment, judgmental, judicable, judicative, judicator, judicatory, judicature, judicial, judiciary, judicious, nonjudgmental, nonjudicial, prejudge, prejudgment, prejudice, prejudicial, quasijudicial |
| jug- | yoke | Latin | jugare, jugum | conjugal, subjugate |
| jung-, junct- | join | Latin | iungere, junctus | adjoin, adjoint, adjunct, adjunction, adjunctive, conjoin, conjoint, conjunct, conjunction, conjunctive, disjoin, disjoint, disjunct, disjunction, disjunctive, enjoin, enjoinder, enjoinment, injunction, injunctive, join, junction, juncture, junta, junto, nondisjunction, nonjoinder, rejoin, rejoinder, sejoin, sejungible, subjoin, subjoinder, subjunctive, surrejoinder |
| junior- | younger | Latin | junior | junior, juniority |
| jus-, jur- | law, justice | Latin | ius, iuris | abjure, jurisprudence, jury, just, justice, objurgate, perjury |
| juv-, jut- | help | Latin | juvare, jutus | adjument, adjutant, adjutor, adjutory, adjutrix, coadjutant, coadjutor, injucundity, jocund, jocundity |
| juven- | young, youth | Latin | juvenis | juvenile, rejuvenate |
| juxta- | beside, near | Latin | juxta | juxtaposition |
K
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| kil(o)- | thousand | Greek | χίλιοι (chílioi) | kilobyte, kilogram, kilometer |
| kine-, cine- | movement, motion | Greek | κινεῖν (kineîn), κίνησις (kínēsis), κίνημα (kínēma) | cinema, kinesthetic, kinetic, telekinesis |
| klept- | steal | Greek | κλέπτειν (kléptein), κλέπτης (kléptēs) | kleptomania, kleptoplasty |
| kudo- | glory | Greek | κῦδος (kûdos) | kudos |
L
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lab-, laps- | slide, slip | Latin | labi, lapsus | elapse, relapse |
| labi- | lip | Latin | labia, labiae | bilabial, labial |
| labor- | work | Latin | labor | collaboration, elaboration, laboratory |
| lacer- | tear | Latin | lacer | laceration |
| lacrim- | cry, tears | Latin | lacrima | lacrimal, lacrimous |
| lact- | milk | Latin | lac, lactis, lactare | lactate, lactation, lactose |
| lamin- | layer, slice | Latin | lamina | laminate, lamination |
| lamp- [164] | shine, torch | Greek | λάμπειν (lámpein), λαμπάς (lampás) | lamp, lamprid, Lampris |
| lapid- | stone | Latin | lapis, lapidis | dilapidate, lapidary |
| larg- | large | Latin | largus | enlargement, large, largesse, largo |
| larv- | ghost, mask | Latin | larva | larva, larvae, larval |
| lat- | broad, wide | Latin | latus | latitude |
| later- | side | Latin | latus, lateris | bilateral |
| laud-, laus- | praise | Latin | laudare "to praise" | laud, laudanum, laudable, laudation, summa cum laude |
| lav- | wash | Latin | lavare | launder, laundry, lava, lavation, lavatory, lave, lavender, lavish, lotion |
| lax- | not tense | Latin | laxus, laxare | laxative, relaxation |
| lecith- [165] | egg yolk | Greek | λέκιθος (lékithos) | lecithin |
| led-, les-, -lid-, -lis- | hurt, strike | Latin | laedere, laesus, -lidere | allision, collide, collision, elide, elidible, elision, illesive, lesion |
| leg-, lect- | read, gather | Latin | legere | collect, diligence, election, intelligence, lectern, lecture, legend, legible, legion, lesson, neglect, religion, sacrilege, select |
| leg- | law | Latin | lex, legis, legare | legal, legislate, legislation, legislative, legislator, legislature, legitimate, legitimize, privilege |
| leg- | send | Latin | legare (from legis) | delegate, league, legacy, legato, relegate |
| lei- [166] | smooth | Greek | λεῖος (leîos) | leiomyoma |
| lekan- [167] | dish, pot | Greek | λεκάνη (lekánē) | lekane |
| leni- | gentle | Latin | lenis, lenire | leniency |
| leon- | lion | Latin | leo, leonis | Leo, leonine, Leopold |
| lep- [168] | flake, peel, scale | Greek | λέπειν (lépein), λεπτός (leptós), λεπίς, λεπίδος (lepís, lepídos) | antilepton, lepidolite, Lepidoptera, Lepidorhombus, lepidote, lepidotrichia, leprosy, leptocyte, leptogenesis, lepton, leptophyllous |
| lepsi- | grasp, seize | Greek | λῆψις (lēpsis) | epilepsy |
| leuc-, leuk- [169] | white | Greek | λευκός (leukós) | aleukemia, aleukocytosis, leucism, leucocyte, leucopenia, leucoplast, leukemia, leukocytopenia, leukopenia, leukophobia, leucophore |
| lev- | lift, light, raise | Latin | levare "lighten, raise", from levis "light" (in weight) | alleviate, alleviation, bas-relief, counter-relief, deleverage, elevate, elevation, elevator, leaven, legerity, levade, Levant, levee, lever, leverage, leviable, levitate, levitation, levity, levy, relevé, relief, relieve, sublevation, superelevation |
| liber- | free | Latin | liber, liberare | deliver, deliverance, illiberal, illiberality, liberal, liberality, liberalize, liberate, liberation, liberator, libertarian, liberticide, libertinage, libertine, liberty, ultraliberal |
| libr- | book | Latin | liber, libri | interlibrary, libel, libellant, libellee, libellous, librarian, library, libretto |
| lig- | bind | Latin | ligare, ligatus | ligament, ligature |
| limac- | slug | Latin | limax, limacis | limacoid, limacon |
| limpa- | clear, water | Latin | limpa "water" | limpid |
| line- | line | Latin | linea | line, linearity |
| line- | smear, smudge | Latin | linere | delete, deletion, indelible, liniment |
| lingu- | language, tongue | Latin | lingua | bilingual, linguistic |
| linqu-, lict- | leave | Latin | linquere, lictus | relict, relinquish |
| lip- [170] | fat | Greek | λίπος (lípos) | lipolysis, lipophile, lipophilic, lipopolysaccharide, lipoprotein, synaloepha |
| liqu- | flow | Latin | liquere | deliquesce, liquefy, liqueur, liquid, liquor, prolix |
| lit- [171] | prayer, supplication | Greek | λιτή (litḗ), λιτανεία (litaneía) | litany |
| liter- | letter | Latin | littera | alliteration, alliterative, biliteral, biliterate, illiteracy, illiterate, literacy, literal, literary, literate, literati, literatim, literation, literator, literature, multiliteral, nonliteral, nonliterary, nonliterate, obliterate, obliteration, preliterate, quadriliteral, transliteracy, transliterate, transliteration, triliteral, uniliteral |
| lith- [172] | stone | Greek | λίθος (líthos) | aerolithology, endolith, endolithic, epilithic, lithagogue, lithic, lithography, lithology, lithophile, lithophone, lithophyte, lithosphere, lithotomy, megalith, Mesolithic, microlite, monolith, monolithic, Neolithic, Paleolithic, photolithography, phytolith |
| loc- | place | Latin | locus, locare | accouchement, allocate, bilocation, bilocular, cislocative, collocation, couch, couchant, dislocate, dislocation, interlocal, lieu, local, locale, locality, locate, location, locative, locator, locomotion, loculament, locular, locule, loculose, loculus, locus, milieu, multilocal, multilocation, multilocular, nonlocal, relocate, relocation, translocate, translocation, translocative, trilocular, unilocular |
| log-, -logy | word, reason, speech, thought | Greek | λόγος (logos), λογία (logia) | analogy, anthology, apology, biology, dialogue doxology, ecology, epilogue, etymology, eulogy, geology, ideologue, logarithm, logic, logogram, meteorology, monologue, morphological, neologism, neurology, philology, prologue, psychology, tautology, terminology, theology, toxicology, trilogy, zoology, logophile |
| long- | long | Latin | longus | allonge, elongate, elongation, longa, longanimity, longe, longeron, longinquity, longitude, longitudinal, longum, lunge, lungo, oblong, prolong, prolongation, purloin |
| loqu-, locut- | speak | Latin | loqui | allocution, circumlocution, colloquial, colloquy, elocution, eloquent, eloquence, grandiloquent, interlocution, loquacious, loquacity, magniloquent, obloquy, soliloquy |
| luc- | bright, light | Latin | lūx (genitive lūcis), lucere | elucidate, elucidation, elucubrate, elucubration, lucent, lucid, lucidity, Lucifer (bearer of light), luciferase, luciferin, luciferous, lucifugal, lucubrate, lucubration, luculent, noctilucent, pellucid, pellucidity, relucent, semipellucid, translucency, translucent, translucid |
| lud-, lus- | play | Latin | ludere, lusus | allude, collude, delude, elude, elusive, elusory, illude, illusion, ludicrous, lusory, prelude |
| lumin- | light | Latin | luminare, from lumen | illumination, luminary, luminous |
| lu-, luv-, lut- | wash | Latin | luere (see also diluere, fluere and pluere) | abluent, ablution, alluvium, colluvium, deluge, depollute, diluent, dilute, dilution, dilutive, diluvial, diluvian, diluvium, elute, elution, eluvial, elluviation, eluvium, illuviation, illuvium, lutaceous, lutite, pollution |
| lun- | moon | Latin | lūna | circumlunar, cislunar, demilune, luna, lunar, lunate, lunatic, lunation, lune, lunette, luniform, lunisolar, mezzaluna, mezzelune, plenilunary, semilunar, sublunar, sublunary, superlunary, translunar |
| lut- | yellow, golden | Latin | lūtum, lūteus | corpus luteum, luteal, lutein, luteinizing hormone, luteous |
| ly-, lysi-, lyt- [173] | dissolving | Greek | λύειν (lúein), λυτός (lutós), λυτικός (lutikós), λύσις (lúsis) | analyse, analysis, analytic, aparalytic, autolysis, catalyse, catalysis, catalyst, catalytic, cytolysis, dialysis, electrolysis, electrolyte, electrolytic, Hippolyte, hydrolysis, hydrolyte, hydrolytic, lysigeny, lysine, lysis, lysosome, lytic, meta-analysis, palsy, paralyse, paralysis, paralytic, plasmolysis, proteolysis |
M
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| macer- | lean | Latin | macer | emaciate, macerate, meager |
| macr- [174] | long | Greek | μακρός (makrós), μακρότης (makrótēs) "length" | amphimacer, macrobiotic, macrocosm, macroeconomics, macron, macrophage |
| magn- | great, large | Latin | magnus | magnanimity, magnanimous, magnate, magnificent, magnify, magnitude, magnum |
| magnet- [175] | Greek | μάγνης, μάγνητος (mágnēs, mágnētos) | bioelectromagnetism, biomagnetism, diamagnetic, diamagnetism, electromagnet, geomagnetic, magnesium, magnet, magnetic, magnetism, magnetite, magnetize, magnetobiology, magnetologist, magnetometer, magnetosome, manganese, paramagnetic, paramagnetism | |
| maj- | greater | Latin | major, majus | majesty, major, majority, majuscule, mayor, semimajor, supermajority |
| mal- | bad, wretched | Latin | malus | dismal, grand mal, malady, malaise, malediction, malefaction, malevolent, malfeasance, malfunction, malice, malicious, malignancy, malnourished, malodorous, premalignant |
| mamm- | breast | Latin | mamma | mammal, mammary |
| man-, mant- [176] (ΜΑΝ[177]) | crazy | Greek | μαίνεσθαι (maínesthai), μανία (manía), μανικός (manikós), μάντις | hypermania, hypomania, kleptomania, mania, maniac, manic, megalomania, monomania, pyromania, pyromaniac |
| man- | flow | Latin | mānāre, manatus | emanate, emanationism, immanant, immanation |
| man- (MAN-[178]) | stay | Latin | manēre, mansus | immanence, immanent, manse, mansion, permanence, permanent, remanence, remanent |
| man-, manu- | hand | Latin | manus | amanuensis, Bimana, bimanous, bimanual, emancipate, manacle, manage, mandamus, maneuver, manicure, manifest, maniple, manual, manufacture, manumit, manuscript, Quadrumana, quadrumanous |
| mand-, -mend- | order, commit | Latin | mandāre, mandatus | command, commend, commendation, countermand, demand, mandate, mandatory, recommend, remand |
| mania | mental illness, craziness | Greek | μανία (manίā) | kleptomania, mania, maniac, pyromania |
| mar- | sea | Latin | mare, maris | mariculture, marinade, marinate, marination, marine, maritime, submarine, ultramarine |
| mascul- | male, man | Latin | masculus, masculi | emasculate, masculine |
| mater-, matr- | mother | Latin | mater, matris | maternal, maternity, matrimony, matrix, matron |
| maxim- | greatest | Latin | maximus | maxim, maximal, maximum |
| mechan- [179] | machine or instrument | Greek | μῆχος, μηχανή (mēkhanḗ), μηχανικός (mēkhanikós) | machine, mechane, mechanics, mechanism, mechanize, mechanobiology, mechanophilia , mechanophobia |
| medi-, -midi- | middle | Latin | medius, mediare | dimidiation, immediate, intermediary, mean, media, median, mediate, mediation, medieval, mediocre, Mediterranean, medium, moiety, multimedia, postmeridian, submediant |
| meg-, megal- [180] | great, large | Greek | μέγας, μεγάλου (mégas, megálou) | acromegaly, Megacles, megacycle, megalomania, megalopolis, megaphone |
| mei- [181] | less | Greek | μεῖον (meiōn), μείωσις (meíōsis) | ameiosis, ameiotic, meiobenthos, meiosis, meiotic |
| melan- [182] | black, dark | Greek | μέλας, μέλανος (mélas, mélanos), μελανότης | amelanism, aphaeomelanism, eumelanin, hypermelanic, melancholic, melancholy, Melanesia, melanin, melanism, melanoblastoma, melanocyte, melanoma, melanophobia, melanophore, melanosis, melatonin, neuromelanin, pheomelanin |
| melior- | better | Latin | meliorare "to improve", from melior "better" | ameliorate, amelioration, meliorism |
| meliss- [183] | bee | Greek | μέλισσα (mélissa) | melissophobia |
| mell- | honey | Latin | mel, mellis | mellifluous, melliloquent, mellivorous |
| memor- | remember | Latin | memor | commemorate, immemorial, memoir, memorabilia, memorable, memorandum, memorial, memory, remembrance |
| men- | month | Greek | μήν (mḗn) | menopause, menorrhea |
| mening- [184] | membrane | Greek | μήνιγξ, μῆνιγγος (mēninx, mēningos) | leptomeninges, meninges, meningioma, meningitis, meninx |
| mend- | defect, fault | Latin | mendax "lying, a liar", from menda "defect, fault" | amend, amendment, emend, mendacious, mendacity |
| menstru- | monthly | Latin | menstruus | menstrual, menstruation |
| mensur- | measure | Latin | mensura "measurement", from metiri "to measure" | commensurable, commensurate, dimension, immense, incommensurable, incommensurate, measure |
| ment- | mind | Latin | mens, mentis | comment, dement, dementia, memento, mental, mentality, mention, reminisce, reminiscence |
| mer- [185] | part | Greek | μείρεσθαι (meíresthai), μέρος (méros) | antimere, antimeria, biopolymer, decamer, decamerous, dimer, dimeric, dimerism, dimerous, enantiomer, enneamer, heptamer, heterodimer, heterotetramer, hexamer, homodimer, homotetramer, isomer, isomeric, isomerism, mereology, merisis, merism, meristem, meristematic, meristic, meromorphic, metamere, metamerism, Moirai, monomer, monomeric, octamer, oligomer, oligomeric, pentamer, pentamerous, photopolymer, phytomer, polymer, tautomerism, telomer, telomere, tetramer, tetrameric, trimer, trimerize |
| merc- | reward, wages, hire | Latin | merx (genitive mercis) | amercement, commerce, commercial, market, mercantile, mercenary, mercery, merchandise, merchant, mercy, noncommercial |
| merg-, mers- | dip, plunge | Latin | mergere | emerge, immersion |
| mes- [186] | middle | Greek | μέσος (mésos) | Mesolithic, mesophile, mesophilic, mesoscopic, mesosphere, mesozoic |
| met-, meta- [187] | above, among, beyond | Greek | μετά (metá) | metabolism, metalogic, metamorphic, metamorphosis, metaphase, metaphor, metaphysics, metastatic, meteor, method |
| meter-, metr- | measure | Greek | μέτρον (métron) | altimeter, anemometer, antisymmetry, barometer, bathometer, diameter, graphometer, hexameter, hygrometer, isometric, meter, metre, metric, metrology, metronome, parameter, pentameter, perimeter, polymeter, symmetric, symmetry, telemeter, telemetric, telemetry, tetrameter, thermometer, trimeter, trimetric |
| metr- [188] | mother | Greek | μήτηρ, μητρός (mḗtēr, mētrós), μητρικός (mētrikós) | haplometrosis, metrocyte, metropolis, pleometrosis |
| mic- | grain | Latin | mica | mica, micelle |
| micr- [189] | small | Greek | μικρός (mikrós), μικρότης | microbe, microcosm, microeconomics, micrometer, microphone, microscope, microscopic |
| migr- | wander | Latin | migrare | emigrant, immigrant, migrant, migrate, migration |
| milit- | soldier | Latin | mīles, militis | militant, military, militia |
| mill- | thousand | Latin | mille | mile, millennium, million |
| millen- | thousand each | Latin | milleni | millenarian, millenary |
| mim- [190] | repeat | Greek | μιμεῖσθαι (mīmeîsthai), μιμητικός (mimētikós), μίμος (mimos) | mime, mimeograph, mimesis, mimetic, mimic, necromimesis, pantomime, phenomime, psychomime, psychomimetic |
| min- | jut | Latin | minere | eminent, imminent, prominent |
| min- | less, smaller | Latin | minor, minus | minority, minuscule, minutiae |
| mina- | lead | Latin | minare, variant of minari | amenable, demeanor, menace, promenade |
| minth- [191] | mint | Greek | μίνθα (míntha), μίνθη (mínthē), μινθάριον | Acanthomintha, Mentha, menthol, mint, Minthostachys |
| mir- | wonder, amazement | Latin | miror, mirari, miratus sum | admire, miracle, mirror |
| mis- [192] | hate | Greek | μισεῖν (miseîn), μῖσος (mîsos) | misandrist, misandry, misanthrope, misanthropy, misocainea, misogamist, misogamy, misogynist, misogyny, misoneism, misopaedia, misophonia, misotheism |
| misc-, mixt- | mix | Latin | miscere, mixtus | miscellaneous, mixture |
| miser- | unhappy, wretched | Latin | miser | commiseration, miser, miserable, misery |
| mit-, miss- (MIT-[193]) | send | Latin | mittere, missus | admissibility, admissible, admission, admissive, admit, admittatur, admittee, commissar, commissariat, commissary, commission, commissive, commissural, commissure, commit, commitment, committal, committee, compromis, compromise, compromissary, decommission, decommit, decommitment, demise, demiss, demit, dimissory, dimit, dismiss, dismissal, dismissive, emissary, emission, emissitious, emissive, emissivity, emit, emittent, entremet, fideicommissary, fideicommissum, impermissible, inadmissibility, inadmissible, intermission, intermittent, intromissible, intromission, intromissive, intromit, intromittent, manumission, manumit, mess, message, messenger, missile, mission, missionary, missive, mittimus, noncommittal, omissible, omission, omissive, omit, permissible, permission, permissive, permissory, permit, permittee, premise, premiss, premit, pretermission, pretermit, promise, promisee, promissive, promissory, readmission, readmit, recommit, remise, remiss, remissible, remission, remissive, remissory, remit, remittal, remittance, remittee, remittence, remittent, remittitur resubmit, retransmission, retransmit, subcommittee, submission, submissive, submit, surmise, transmissibility, transmissible, transmission, transmissive, transmit, transmittal |
| mit- [194] | thread | Greek | μίτος (mítos) | mitochondrion, mitosis, mitospore |
| mn- [195] | Greek | μνᾶ (mnâ) | mina, mna | |
| mne- [196] | memory | Greek | μνᾶσθαι (mnâsthai), μνήμη (mnḗmē) | amnesia, amnesty, anamnesis, anamnestic, dysmnesia, Mneme, mneme, mnemonic |
| mod- | measure, change | Latin | modus "measure" | mode, model, moderate, moderation, moderato, moderator, modern, modest, modicum, modify, modification |
| mol- | grind | Latin | mola, molere, molitus | molar |
| moll- | soft | Latin | mollis | emollient, mollify |
| mon- [197] | alone, only | Greek | μόνος (mónos), μονάς, μονάδος (monás, monádos) | monachism, monad, monadic, monarchy, monastery, monastic, monasticism, monatomic, monism, monist, monk, monoid, monolith, monometer, monopod, monopoly, monopsony, monotone |
| mon- | warn | Latin | monere | admonish, admonishment, admonition, monitor, monster, monument, premonition, summon |
| monil- | string of beads | Latin | monile | Moniliformida |
| monstra- | show | Latin | monstrare | counterdemonstration, counterdemonstrator, demonstrable, demonstrant, demonstrate, demonstration, demonstrative, demonstrator, demonstratory, indemonstrable, monster, monstrance, monstration, monstrosity, monstrous, muster, premonstrant, premonstrate, Premonstratensian, premonstration, premonstrator, remonstrance, remonstrant, remonstrate, remonstration, remonstrative |
| mont- | mountain | Latin | mons, montis | Montana |
| mor- [198] | foolish, dull | Greek | μωρός (mōrós) | moron, moronic, oxymoron, oxymoronic, sophomore, sophomoric |
| mor- | disposition | Latin | mos | moral, morose |
| mora- | pause, delay | Latin | morari "to delay", from mora "a pause, delay" | demur, moratorium, remora |
| mord- | bite | Latin | mordere, morsus | mordacious, mordacity, mordancy, mordication, morsel, morsitation, premorse, remorse |
| morph- [199] | form, shape | Greek | μορφή (morphḗ) | allomorph, amorphous, anamorph, anamorphic, anamorphosis, anthropomorphism, apomorphy, autapomorphy, automorphism, dimorphic, dysmorphic, dysmorphophobia, enantiomorph, enantiomorphic, endomorph, epimorphism, hemimorphic, holomorph, holomorphic, holomorphism, homeomorphic, homeomorphism, homomorphism, hypermorphosis, isomorphic, isomorphism, metamorphic, metamorphosis, monomorphic, monomorphism, morpheme, Morpheus, morphine, morphology, paramorph, peramorphism, peramorphosis, perimorph, plesiomorphy, polymorphic, polymorphism, pseudomorph, synapomorphy, teleomorph, teleomorphic, trimorphic, trimorphism |
| mort- | death | Latin | mors, mortis | immortal, immortality, mortal, mortality, mortician, mortuary |
| mov-, mot- | move, motion | Latin | movere, motus | commotion, emotion, mobile, momentum, motile, motion, motive, motor, move, movement, mutiny, promote, removal, remove, subpermutation, transmove, transmutable, transmutate, transmutation, transmute, transmutual, trimotor |
| mulg-, muls- | milk | Latin | mulgere | emulsion |
| multi- | many, much | Latin | multus | multilingual, multiple, multiplex, multiplication, multiply, multitude |
| mund- | world | Latin | mundus | anima mundi, map, mundane |
| mur- | wall | Latin | mūrus, muri | immurement, murage, mural |
| mus- | mouse | Greek | μῦς, μυός (mûs, muós) | musophobia |
| mus- | thief | Latin | mus, muris | mouse |
| musc- | fly | Latin | musca, muscae | Musca, Muscicapidae, Muscidae, mosquito |
| mut- | change | Latin | mutare | immutable, mutation |
| my- [200] | shut (the eyes) | Greek | μύειν (múein), μύσις (músis) | miosis, myopia, myopic, myosis, mystery |
| mycet- [201] | fungus | Greek | μύκης, μύκητος (múkēs, múkētos) | ascomycete, basidiomycete, mycology, Mycoplasma, zygomycete, zygomycosis |
| mydr- [202] | dilate | Greek | μύδρος, μυδρίασις (mudríasis) | mydriasis |
| myl- [203] | mill | Greek | μύλη (múlē), μύλος (múlos) | amyloid, amyloidosis, amylolysis, amylopectin, amylophagia, amyloplast, amylose, amylum |
| myri- [204] | countless, ten thousand | Greek | μυρίος (muríos) | myriad, myriagon, myriagram, myriapod, myriapodology |
| myrmec- [205] | ant | Greek | μύρμηξ (múrmēx) | myrmecochory, myrmecoid, myrmecology, myrmecophobia, Myrmidons, myrmomancy |
| myth- [206] | story | Greek | μῦθος (mûthos) | mythic, mythology, mythomania, mythopoeia, mythos |
| myx- | slime | Greek | μύσσομαι, μύξα (múxa) | match, myxedema, myxoedema, Myxini, myxogastrid |
| myz- [207] | suck | Greek | μυζάω (muzáō), μύζησις (múzēsis) | Myzopoda |
N
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nar- | nostril | Latin | naris | naris |
| narc- [208] | numb | Greek | ναρκᾶν (narkân), νάρκη (nárkē) | narcolepsy, narcosis, narcotic |
| narr- | tell | Latin | narrare | narrative |
| nas- | nose | Latin | nasus | nasal |
| nasc-, nat- | born | Latin | nascere, nasci (past participle natus) | innate, nascent, natal, native, renaissance |
| naut- [209] | ship | Greek | ναῦς (naûs), ναύτης (naútēs) | aeronautic, Argonaut, astronaut, nausea, nautical, nautilus |
| nav- | ship | Latin | navis | naval |
| ne-, neo- [210] | new | Greek | νέϝος, νέος (néos) | Neolithic, neologism, neon, neonate, neophyte |
| neb-, nub- | cloud | Latin | nebula, nubes | nebula, nebulosity, nebulous, nuance, nubilous, obnubilate |
| necr- [211] | dead | Greek | νεκρός (nekrós), νέκρωσις (nékrōsis) | necromancy, Necronomicon, necrophilia, necrophobia, necropolis, necropsy, necrosis, necrospermia, necrotic, necrotize, necrotomy |
| nect- | swimming | Greek | νηκτός (nēktós) | nectopod, nekton |
| nect-, nex- | join, tie | Latin | nectere, nexus | connect, nexus |
| neg- | say no | Latin | negare | negative, renegade, renege |
| nemat- | hair | Greek | νῆμα, νήματος (nēma, nḗmatos) | nematocyst, nematocyte, nematode, nematology |
| nemor- | grove, woods | Latin | nemus, nemoris | nemoral |
| nephr- [212] | kidney | Greek | νεφρός (nephrós) | mesonephros, metanephros, nephrite, nephritis, nephrogenesis, nephrology, nephroptosis, pronephros |
| nerv- | sinew, nerve | Latin | nervus | enervate, innervate, nerve, nervous |
| nes- [213] | island | Greek | νῆσος (nēsos) | Chersonesus, Indonesia, Micronesia, Peloponnese, Polynesia |
| neur- [214] | nerve | Greek | νεῦρον (neûron) | aponeurosis, epineurium, neural, neurapraxia, neuritis, neuroblast, neurocranium, neurocyte, neurologist, neurology, neuron, neuropathic, neurosis, neurosurgeon, neurosurgery, neurotic |
| nict- | beckon, wink | Latin | nictari | nictation |
| nigr- | black | Latin | niger | denigrate |
| nihil- | nothing | Latin | nihilum | annihilation, nihilism |
| noc- | hurt, harm | Latin | nocere | innocent, innocuous, nociception, nociceptive, nocuous, nuisance |
| noct- | night | Latin | nox (genitive noctis) | equinox, noctambulist, noctilucent, nocturnal |
| nod- | knot | Latin | nodus | denouement, node, nodule |
| nom- | arrangement, law, order | Greek | νόμος (nómos), νομή | agronomy, astronomy, autonomous, autonomy, bionomics, economics, economy, gastronomy, metronome, numismatic, polynomial, taxonomy |
| nomad- | those who let pasture herds | Greek | νομάς, νομάδος (nomás, nomádos), νομαδικός (nomadikós) | nomad, nomadic, nomadism, nomadize |
| nomen-, nomin- | name | Latin | nomen, nominis | nomenclature, nominate, nomination, ignominious, ignominy |
| non- | not | Latin | non | none |
| non- | ninth | Latin | nonus | nonary |
| nonagen- | ninety each | Latin | nonageni | nonagenary |
| nonagesim- | ninetieth | Latin | nonagesimus | nonagesimal |
| not- [215] | south | Greek | νότος (nótos) | Notogaea, Notomys, Nototherium |
| not- [216] | back | Greek | νῶτον (nôton), νῶτος, νωτιαῖος | notochord |
| not- | letter, note, paper | Latin | notare | annotation, connotation, connote, denotation, denote, notable, notary, notate, notation |
| noth- [217] | spurious | Greek | νόθος (nóthos) | nothogenus |
| nov- | nine | Latin | novem | November, novennial |
| nov- | new | Latin | novus | innovate, innovation, nova, novel, novice, renovate |
| noven- | nine each | Latin | noveni | novenary |
| novendec- | nineteen | Latin | novendecim | novemdecillion |
| nox-, noc- | harmful | Latin | noxa | noxious, obnoxious |
| nu- | nod | Latin | nuere | innuendo |
| nub-, nupt- | to marry, to wed | Latin | nubes, nubis, nubere | connubial, nubile, prenuptial |
| nuc- | nut | Latin | nux, nucis | nuclear, nucleus |
| nuch- | back of neck | Latin | nucha | nuchal cord |
| nud- | naked | Latin | nudus | denude, nudist, nudity |
| null- | none | Latin | nullus | nullify |
| numer- | number | Latin | numerus | enumerate, innumerable, numeral, numeration |
| nunci- | announce | Latin | nuntius | pronunciation |
| nutri- | nourish | Latin | nutrire | malnutrition, nutrient |
| nyct- [218] | night | Greek | νύξ, νυκτός (núx, nuktós) | nyctalgia, nyctanthous, nyctinasty, nyctophilia, nyctophobia |
O
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ob-, o-, oc-, of-, og-, op-, os- [219] | against | Latin | ob | obduracy, obdurate, obduration, obfuscate, oblique, obliquity, obstinate, obstreperous, occur, offend, omit, oppose, ostensible, ostentatious |
| obel- [220] | spit | Greek | ὀβελός (obelós), ὀβελίσκος (obelískos) | metobelus, obelisk, obelism, obelus |
| obol- [221] | Greek | ὀβολός, ὀβολοῦ (obolós) | obol, obolus | |
| ocean- [222] | Greek | ὠκεανός (ōkeanós) | Oceania, oceanic | |
| ochl- [223] | crowd, mob | Greek | ὄχλος, ὄχλου (ókhlos) | enochlophobia, ochlocracy, ochlophobia |
| oct- [224] | eight | Greek | ὀκτώ (oktṓ), ὀκτάς (oktás, oktádos), ὀκτάκις (oktákis) "eight times" | hemi-octahedron, octad, octadic, octagon, octahedron, octameter, octode |
| oct- | eight | Latin | octō | octangular, octennial, octovir |
| octav- | eighth | Latin | octāvus | octaval |
| octogen- | eighty each | Latin | octogeni | octogenarian, octogenary |
| octogesim- | eightieth | Latin | octogesimus | octogesimal |
| octon- | eight each | Latin | octoni | octonary |
| ocul- | eye | Latin | oculus, oculare | ocular, oculus, ullage |
| od- | path, way | Greek | ὁδός (hodós) | anode, diode, odometer, parodos, pentode, tetrode, triode |
| odi- | hate | Latin | odium | odious |
| odont- [225] | tooth | Greek | ὀδούς, ὀδόντος (odoús, odóntos) | anodontia, conodont, cynodont, dicynodont, dysodontiasis, macrodontia, mastodon, odontoid, odontology, odontophore, orthodontics, orthodontist, pedodontics, periodontal, smilodon, Thrinaxodon, Zanclodon |
| odor- | fragrant | Latin | odor | malodorous, odoriferous, odorous |
| odyn- [226] | pain | Greek | ὀδύνη (odúnē) | allodynia, anodyne, glossodynia, mastodynia, pleurodynia |
| oec- [227] | house | Greek | ϝοῖκος (woîkos), οἶκος (oîkos) | andromonecy, archdiocese, dioecious, dioecy, ecesis, ecology, economize, gynomonoecy, heteroecious, monoecy, oecology, oeconomus, oikology, oikophobia, palaeoecology, paleoecology, parish, paroecious, perioeci, trioecious |
| oed-, ed- | swell, swollen | Greek | οἶδος (oîdos), οἰδεῖν (oideîn), οἴδημα, οἴδηματος (oídēma) | angioedema, edema, edematous, oedema, oedematous |
| oen- [228] | wine | Greek | ϝοῖνος (woînos), οἶνος (oînos) | enology, oenochoe, oenologist, oenology, oenophile, oenophilia, oinochoe |
| oesophag- [229] | gullet | Greek | οἰσοφάγος (oisophágos) | oesophagectomy, oesophagitis, oesophagus |
| oestr- [230] | gadfly, sting | Greek | οἶστρος (oîstros), οἰστράω, οἴστρησις, οἴστρημα | anestrous, anestrus, anoestrus, estrogen, estrogenic, estrus, oestrone, oestrus |
| ogdo- [231] | eighth | Greek | ὄγδοος (ógdoos), ὀγδοάς, ὀγδοάδος (ogdoás, ogdoádos) | ogdoad |
| -oid | like | Greek | -οειδής (-oeidēs) | asteroid, mucoid, organoid |
| ole- | oil | Latin | oleum | oleosity |
| olecran- [232] | skull of elbow | Latin from Greek | ὠλέκρανον (ōlékranon) | olecranon |
| olig- [233] | few | Greek | ὀλίγος (olígos) | oligarchy, Oligocene, oligopoly, oligosaccharide, oligotrohic |
| oliv- | olive | Latin | oliva | olivaceous, olivary, olivette |
| om- [234] | raw | Greek | ὠμός (ōmós), ὠμότης (ōmótēs) "rawness" | omophagia, Omophagus |
| om- [235] | shoulder | Greek | ὦμος (ṓmos), ὠμία (ōmía) | acromion, omohyoid, omophorion |
| -oma | morbid growth, tumor | Greek | -ωμα | melanoma |
| omas- | paunch | Latin | omasum | abomasum, omasum |
| ombr- [236] | rain | Greek | ὄμβρος (ómbros) | ombrogenous, ombrology, ombrometer, Ombrophila, ombrophilous, ombrophobe, ombrotrophic |
| oment- | fat skin | Latin | omentum | omental |
| omin- | creepy | Latin | omen, ominis | abominable, ominous |
| ommat- | eye | Greek | ὁράω, ὦμμαι, ὄμμα, ὄμματος (ómma) | ommatidium, ommatophore |
| omni- | all | Latin | omnis | omnipotence, omnipresent, omniscient, omnivore |
| omphal- [237] | navel | Greek | ὀμφαλός (omphalós) | omphalectomy, omphalic, omphalopagus, omphalophobia |
| on- [238] | ass | Greek | ὄνος (ónos), ὀνίσκος (onískos) | Oniscidea, Oniscomorpha |
| onc- [239] | barb, hook | Greek | ὄγκος, ὄγκινος (ógkinos) | Oncinocalyx, Oncorhynchus |
| onc- [240] (ΕΓΚ[241]) | bulk | Greek | ἐνεγκεῖν, ὄγκος (ógkos/ónkos), ὀγκόω, ὀγκωτός, ὄγκωσις, ὄγκωμα | oncocyte, oncocytoma, oncogenesis, oncologist, oncology |
| oneir- [242] | dream | Greek | ὄνειρος (óneiros), ὀνειρώσσω, ὀνείρωξις (oneírōxis) | oneiric, oneirism, oneirocritic, Oneirocritica, Oneirodidae, oneirogen, oneirogenic, Oneiroi, oneiroid, oneirology, oneiromancy, oneironaut, oneironautics, oneirophobia, oneirophrenia, oneiroscopy |
| oner- | burden | Latin | onus, oneris | exonerate, onerous |
| oni- [243] | price | Greek | ὦνος (ônos), ὤνιος (ṓnios) | oniochalasia, oniomania, oniomaniac |
| onomat- [244] | name | Greek | όνομα, ὀνόματος (ónoma, onómatos), ὀνομάζω, ὀνομαστικός (onomastikós) | antonomasia, onomasiology, onomastic, onomasticon, onomastics, onomasty, onomatology, onomatophore, onomatopoeia |
| ont- | being, existence | Greek | ὄντος, ὀντότης (óntos, ontótēs), οὐσία (ousía) | dysontogenesis, homoiousia, homoousia, monoousious, ontogenesis, ontogenetic, ontogeny, ontology, ousia, parousia |
| onych- [245] | claw | Greek | ὄνυξ, ὄνυχος (ónux, ónuchos), ὀνύχιον (onúchion), ὀνύχινος, ὀνυχίζω | hapalonychia, Mesonychia, mesonychid, onychectomy, onyx, sardonyx |
| -onym | name | Greek | ὄνυμα (ónuma) | anonymous, antonym, allonym, cryptonym, eponymy, euonym, homonym, metonymy, pseudonym, synonym |
| oo- [246] | egg | Greek | ᾠόν (ōión) | dioon, oidioid, oidium, ooblast, oocyst, oocyte, oocytogenesis, oogamete, oogamous, oogamy, oogenesis, oogonium, ooid, oolite, oolith, oology, oophagy, oophorectomy, ootheca, ootid, ootidogenesis |
| op- [247] | hole | Greek | ὀπή (opḗ), ὀπαῖον (opaîon) | metope, opaion |
| opac- | shady | Latin | opacus | opacity |
| oper- | work | Latin | opus, operis | cooperate, inoperable, opera, operate, opus |
| oper- | cover | Latin | operire, operculum | codiscovery, cover, covert, coverture, curch, curfew, discover, discoverable, discovert, discoverture, discovery, interoperculum, kerchief, nondiscoverable, opercular, operculiform, operculum, re-cover, rediscover, subcover |
| ophi- [248] | snake | Greek | ὄφις, ὄφεως (óphis, ópheōs) | Brachyurophis, ophicephalous, Ophicephalus, Ophiceras, Ophiclinus, ophidiophobia, ophiolite, ophiologist, ophiology, ophiophagous, Ophiophagus, ophiophagy, ophiophobia, Ophisaurus, Ophisops, ophitic |
| ophthalm- [249] | eye | Greek | ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós) | exophthalmic, exophthalmos, microphthalmia, ophthalmia, ophthalmic, ophthalmologic, ophthalmologist, ophthalmology, ophthalmoparesis, ophthalmoplegia, parophthalmia, xerophthalmia |
| opisth- [250] | behind | Greek | ὄπισθεν (ópisthen), ὀπίσθιος | anopisthograph, opisthion, opisthobranch, opisthodomos, opisthoglyphous, opisthognathous, opisthograph, opisthokont, opisthosoma, opsimath, opsimathy |
| ops-, opt- (ΟΠ) | eye | Greek | ὄψεσθαι (ópsesthai), ὀπτός (optos), ὀπτικός (optikós), ὄψις (ópsis) | amblyopia, anopia, autopsy, biopsy, catadioptrics, catoptrics, catoptromancy, catoptrophobia, cyclops, diopter/dioptre, dioptrics, diplopia, eisoptrophobia, emmetropia, hemianopsia, myopia, opsoclonus, optic, optokinetic, panopticon, pleoptics, synopsis, synoptic, tritanopia |
| opsi- [251] | late | Greek | ὀψέ (opsé), ὄψιος | opsimath |
| opson- [252] | Greek | ὀψωνεῖν (opsōneîn), (opsōnia) | opsonin, opsonoid | |
| opt- | choose | Latin | optare | adopt, optional |
| optim- | best | Latin | optimus | optimum |
| or- [253] | mountain | Greek | ὄρος, ὄρεος (óros, óreos), ὀρειάς | Oread, orogenesis, orogenic, orogeny, orographic, orography |
| or- | mouth | Latin | os (genitive oris) "mouth" | oral, orifice |
| ora- | pray, plead | Latin | orare "to pray, plead" | adore, adoration, inexorable, oracle, orate, oration, orator, oratory, orison |
| orb- | circle | Latin | orbis | orbit |
| orch- [254] | testicle | Greek | ὄρχις (órchis), ὀρχίδιον (orchídion) | anorchia, cryptorchidism, monorchism, orchid, orchiectomy, orchiopexy, Orchis, polyorchidism |
| orches- [255] | dance | Greek | ὀρχεῖσθαι (orcheîsthai) | orchestra |
| ordin- | order | Latin | ōrdō, ordinis | ordinal, ordinary |
| oreg- [256] | reach | Greek | ὀρέγειν (orégein), ὀρεκτός (orektós), ὀρεκτικός (orektikós), ὄρεξις (órexis), ὄρεγμα (óregma) | anorectic, anorexia, dysorexia, orectic, orexin, parorexia |
| org- | work | Greek | ὄργια (órgia) | |
| organ- | organ, instrument, tool | Greek | ὄργανον (órganon) | organic, organism, organogenesis |
| ori-, ort- | eastern | Latin | oriri, ortus | orient |
| orn- | decorate | Latin | ōrnāre | adorn, ornament, ornate |
| ornith- [257] | bird | Greek | ὄρνις, ὄρνιθος (órnis, órnithos) | Avernus, ornithology, ornithomancy, ornithorhynchus, ornithosis |
| orphan- [258] | Greek | ὀρφανός (orphanós), ὀρφανότης | orphan | |
| orth- [259] | straight | Greek | ὀρθός (orthós), ὀρθότης | orthocenter, orthocentric, orthodontia, orthodontic, orthodontist, orthodox, orthodoxy, orthographic, ortholog, orthologous, orthonym, orthopedic, orthoscope, orthosis, orthostat, orthostyle, orthotic |
| oryz- [260] | rice | Greek | ὄρυζα (óruza), ὀρύζιον | Oryza, Oryzomys, rice, risotto |
| oscill- | swing | Latin | oscillum | oscillation |
| osm- [261] | odor | Greek | ὀσμή (osmḗ), ὄσμησις | anosmia, dysosmia, hyperosmia, hyposmia, osmium, osmophobia, parosmia, phantosmia |
| osm- [262] | Greek | ὠσμός (ōsmós) | osmometry, osmosis, osmotic | |
| oss- | bone | Latin | os, ossis | ossification |
| oste- [263] | bone | Greek | ὀστέον, ὀστέου (ostéon, ostéou), ὀστοῦν, ὀστοῦ (ostoûn, ostoû) | dysostosis, exostosis, hyperostosis, monostotic, Osteichthyes, osteoarthritis, osteoblast, osteochondritis, osteochondrosis, osteoclast, osteoid, osteology, osteolysis, osteoma, osteomalacia, osteonecrosis, osteopathy, osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, osteosis, periosteum, synostosis |
| osti- | entrance | Latin | ostium | ostiole |
| ostrac- | shell | Greek | ὄστρειον (óstreion), ὀστρακίζω (ostrakízein), ὄστρακον (ostrakon) | Entomostraca, Leptostraca, Malacostraca, ostracism, ostracize, ostracod, ostracoderm, ostracon, periostracum |
| ostre- [264] | oyster | Greek | ὄστρεον | ostreophagist, oyster |
| ot- [265] | ear | Greek | οὖς, ὠτός (oûs, ōtós) | anotia, Aotus, microtia, Myosotis, otalgia, otic, otitis, otocephaly, otocleisis, otoconium, otocyst, otodynia, otolith, otology, otopathy, otophyma, otoplasty, otorhinology, otorrhea, otosclerosis, otoscope, otoscopy, ototomy, parotic, parotid, periotic, synotia |
| ov- | egg | Latin | ovum | oval, ovary, ovule |
| -over- | close, cover | Latin | operire "to close, cover" | cover, covert, coverture, discover, operculum |
| ovi- | sheep | Latin | ovis | ovine |
| oxy- [266] | sharp, pointed | Greek | ὀξύς (oxús) | anoxia, anoxic, dioxide, hypoxia, oxide, oxygen, oxymoron, oxytone, paroxysm |
| oz- [267] | smell | Greek | ὄζειν (ózein), ὄζων (ózōn), ὄζη | ozocerite, ozone, ozopore |
P
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pac- | peace | Latin | pax, pacis | appease, Pacific Ocean, pacifism, pacifist, pacify |
| pach- [268] | thick | Greek | παχύς (pachús), πάχος, πάχεος (páchos, pácheos) | pachydermata, pachyglossia, pachynsis, Pachypodium |
| pact- | fasten | Latin | pangere "to fix, fasten" | compact, impact, impaction, impinge, pact, page, propagate |
| pae- [269] | strike | Greek | παίειν (paíein), (paistos) | anapaest, anapaestic, anapest, anapestic |
| paed-, ped- [270] | child | Greek | παῖς, παιδός (paîs, paidós), παιδικός (paidikós) | orthopedic, paediatric, paedogenesis, paedomorphism, page, pedagogue, pedagogy, pedant, pedantic, pediatric, pedodontics, pedophilia |
| pagin- | page | Latin | pagina | pagination |
| pal- | stake | Latin | palus | impalement, pale |
| palae-, pale- [271] | ancient, old | Greek | παλαιός (palaiós) | Paleo Diet, paleobiology, paleobotanic, Paleocene, Paleogene, Paleolithic, paleology, paleomagnetism, paleontology, paleopolyploidy, paleopsychology, Paleozoic |
| palin-, palim- [272] | back | Greek | πάλιν (palin) | palimpsest, palindrome, palingenesis, palinspastic |
| pall- | be pale | Latin | pallere | pallid, pallor |
| palli- | cloak | Latin | palliare "to cover, cloak", from pallium "cloak" | pall, palliate, palliative, pallium |
| palm- | palm | Latin | palma | palmate |
| palp- | touch | Latin | palpare | palp, palpable, palpate, palpation, palpitant, palpitation |
| palustr- | in marshes | Latin | paluster | palustral |
| pan- | Pan | Greek | πάειν, Πάν (Pán), Πανικός (Panikós) | panic |
| pan-, pam- [273] | all | Greek | πᾶς, παντός (pâs, pantós), πᾶν (pân), πασῶν, παντότης, πάντοθεν | diapason, panacea, pandemic, pandemonium, panoply, panoptic, pantology, parrhesia |
| pand-, pans- | spread | Latin | pandere, pansus | expand, expansion |
| par-, para- [274] | beside, near | Greek | παρά (pará) | parable, parabola, parallel, parallelepiped, parameter, parapagus |
| par- | equal | Latin | par | compare, disparage, par, parity, peer, subpar |
| par- | order, prepare, provide, procure | Latin | parare | apparatus, disparate, empire, imperative, imperious, pare, prepare, repair, separate, sever, vituperate |
| para- | beside, near | Greek | παρά (para) | parable, paradox, parallel, parameter, parody |
| parc-, pars- | spare, save | Latin | parcere, parsus | parcity, parsimony |
| pariet- | wall | Latin | paries, parietis | parietal |
| part- | part | Latin | pars, partis | apart, bipartite, compartment, depart, impartial, parcel, part, partial, participate, particle, partisan, partition |
| parthen- [275] | maiden | Greek | παρθένος (parthénos) | parthenocarpy, parthenogenesis, Parthenon, Parthenope |
| parv- | little | Latin | parvus | parvovirus |
| pasc-, past- | feed | Latin | pascere, pastus | pastor, pasture, repast |
| pass- [276] | sprinkle | Greek | πάσσειν (pássein), παστός (pastós) | paste |
| pass- | pace, step | Latin | passus | |
| passer- | sparrow | Latin | passer | passeriform, passerine |
| pat- [277] | path | Greek | πάτος (pátos), πατεῖν (pateîn), πατητός, πατητής, πατητήριον | peripatetic, peripateticism |
| pat- | be open | Latin | patere | paten, patent |
| path- [278] | feeling, disease | Greek | πάσχειν (páschein), παθητικός (pathētikós), πάθος (páthos) | allopath, allopathy, antipathy, apathetic, apathy, empathy, etiopathogenesis, homeopathic, homeopathy, idiopathic, pathetic, pathoclisis, pathogen, pathogenesis, pathogenic, pathologist, pathology, pathos, psychopath, psychopathic, psychopathy, sympathectomy, sympathetic, sympathy |
| pater-, patr- | father | Latin | pater (genitive patris) | paternity, patrilocal, patriot, patron, patronage, patronize |
| pater-, patr- [279] | father | Greek | πατήρ, πατρός (patḗr, patrós), πατριά (patriá) | allopatric, allopatry, eupatrides, patriarch, patriot, patriotic, patriotism, patrology, patronym, patronymic, sympatric, sympatry |
| pati-, pass- | suffer, feel, endure, permit | Latin | pati, passus | impatient, passion, passive, patience, patient |
| pauc- | few | Latin | paucus | paucal, pauciloquent, paucity |
| pav- | beat | Latin | pavire | pave, pavement |
| pecc- | sin | Latin | peccatum "sin, fault, error", from peccare "to miss, mistake" | impeccable, peccadillo, peccant, peccavi |
| pect- | fixed | Greek | πηκτός (pēktos) | pectic, pectin |
| pector- | chest | Latin | pectus, pectoris | pectoral |
| pecu- | property | Latin | pecunia "property", from pecu "cattle" | peculiar, pecuniary, pecunious |
| ped- | foot | Latin | pes, pedis | centipede, impede, pedal, pedestrian |
| pejor- | worse | Latin | pejor | pejorative |
| pel- [280] | clay, mud | Greek | πηλός (pēlós) | pelite, pelitic |
| pelag- [281] | sea | Greek | πέλαγος (pélagos), πελαγικός (pelagikós) | abyssopelagic, allopelagic, archipelago, bathypelagic, epipelagic, hadopelagic, mesopelagic, pelagic |
| pelarg- [282] | stork | Greek | πελαργός (pelargós), πελαργώδης | pelargonic, Pelargonium |
| pell-, puls- | drive, push | Latin | pellere, pulsus | appulse, compel, compulsory, dispel, expel, expulsion, impel, impulse, propel, propellent, propulsion, propulsive, propulsor, pulsate, pulse, push, repel, repellent, repulsive |
| pemp-, pomp- | send | Greek | πέμπειν (pémpein), πομπή (pompḗ) | apopemptic, hypnopompic, pomp, psychopomp |
| pen- | almost | Latin | paene | peninsula, penultimate, penumbra |
| pen-, poen-, puni- | punish | Latin | punire "punish" (earlier poenire), from poena "punishment" | impune, impunity, pain, penal, penalize, penalty, penance, penitence, penitent, penitentiary, pine, punish, punitive, repent, subpoena |
| pend-, pens- | hang | Latin | pensare, frequentative of pendere | append, penchant, pendant, pending, pendulum, pensive, prepense, suspend, suspense |
| penia- | deficiency | Greek | πενία (penía) | leukopenia |
| penn-, pinn- | feather | Latin | penna, pinna | pennate, pinnacle, pinnate, pinnule |
| pent- [283] | five | Greek | πέντε (pénte), πεντάς, πεντάδος (pentás, pentádos), πεντάκις (pentákis) "five times", πενταπλάσιος (pentaplásios) "five-fold", πενταχοῦ | diapente, pentad, pentagon, pentagram, pentalpha, pentode |
| pentacosi- [284] | five hundred | Greek | πεντακόσιοι (pentakósioi) | pentacosiomedimni |
| pentecont- [285] | fifty | Greek | πεντήκοντα (pentḗkonta), πεντηκοντάς, πεντηκοντάδος (pentēkontás, pentēkontádos) | pentecontad, pentecontagon |
| pentecost- [286] | fiftieth | Greek | πεντηκοστός (pentēkostos) | Pentecost, pentecostalism |
| peper- [287] | pepper | Greek | πέπερι, πεπέρεως | paprika, pepper |
| pepon- [288] | ripe | Greek | πέπων, πέπονος (pépōn) | pumpkin |
| pept- | digest | Greek | πέσσειν (péssein), πεπτός (peptós), πεπτικός (peptikós), πέψις (pépsis) | dipeptide, dyspepsia, dyspeptic, eupepsia, eupeptic, monopeptide, oligopeptide, pentapeptide, pepsin, peptic, peptide, peptone, polypeptide, tetrapeptide, tripeptide |
| per- | wallet | Greek | πήρα (pḗra), πηρίδιον (pērídion) | peridium |
| per-, pel- | thoroughly, through | Latin | per | pellucid, perfection, permeate, pernicious, persistence, peruse, pervade |
| peran- | across, beyond | Greek | πέραν (péran) | Perates |
| perdic- [289] | partridge | Greek | πέρδιξ, πέρδικος (pérdix) | Melanoperdix, partridge |
| peri- [290] | around | Greek | περί (perí) | Pericles, pericope, perigee, perihelion, perimeter, period, periphery, periscope |
| persic- [291] | peach | Greek | περσικός (persikós) | |
| pessim- | worst | Latin | pessimus | pessimal |
| pet- | strive toward | Latin | petere | appetite, compete, competition, impetus, petition, petulant, propitiate, repeat, repetition |
| petr- [292] | rock | Greek | πέτρα (pétra) | epipetric, petroglyph, petrographic, petrography, petrology, petrosomatoglyph |
| phae-, phe- [293] | dark | Greek | φαιός (phaiós) | phaeohyphomycosis, phaeomelanin, pheochrome, pheochromocytoma |
| phag- | eat | Greek | φαγεῖν (phageîn), φαγία (phagía) | autophagosome, autophagy, bacteriophage, dysphagia, esophagitis, geophagia, hematophagy, macrophage, odynophagia, phagocyte, phagocytosis, phagolysosome, phagophilia, phagophobia, phagosome, phagy, polyphagia, pseudodysphagia, sarcophagus |
| phalang- | close formation of troops, finger bones | Greek | φάλαγξ, φάλαγγος (phalanx, phalangos) | phalanges |
| phalar- | having a patch of white | Greek | φάλαρος (phalāros)[294] | phalarope |
| pharmac- | drug, medicine | Greek | φάρμακον (pharmakon) | pharmacy |
| phan-, phen- | to show, visible | Greek | φαινειν (phainein) | diaphanous, emphasis, epiphany, fantasy, phanerozoic, phantasm, phantom, phase, phene, phenetic, phenology, phenomenon, photic, sycophant, theophany, tryptophan |
| pheb-, phob- [295] | fear | Greek | φέβεσθαι (phébesthai), φόβος (phóbos), φοβέω | autophobia, hydrophobia, panphobia, phobophobia |
| pher-, phor- [296] | bear, carry | Greek | φέρειν (phérein), φορά (phorá), φόρος (phorós) | adiaphora, adiaphorism, anaphor, metaphor, pheromone, phoresis, phoresy, phosphor, prosphora, pyrophoric |
| pheug-, phyg- [297] (ΦΥΓ) | flee | Greek | φεύγειν (pheúgein), φυγή, φυγάς, φυγάδος (phugás) "fugitive", φυγαδικός | apophyge, hypophyge |
| phil-, -phile [298] | love, friendship | Greek | φίλος (phílos), φιλικός (philikós), φιλεῖν (phileîn), φιλία (philía), φίλτρον (phíltron) | bibliophile, heterophil, hydrophile, paraphilia, philanthropy, philharmonic, philophobia, philosophy, philter, philtre, philtrum |
| phim- [299] | muzzle | Greek | φῑμός (phimós), φιμοῦν (phīmoûn), φιμωτικός, φίμωσις (phīmṓsis) | paraphimosis, phimosis, phimotic |
| phleb- [300] | vein | Greek | φλέψ, φλεβός (phléps, phlebós), φλέβιον | phlebitis, phlebography, phlebosclerosis, phlebotomist, phlebotomize, phlebotomy, thrombophlebitis |
| phleg-, phlog- [301] | burn, heat, inflammation | Greek | φλέγειν (phlégein), φλέγμα (phlégma), φλόξ (phlóx) "flame" | phlegm, phlegmasia, phlegmatic, phlegmon, phlegmonous, phlogistic, phlogiston, Phlox |
| phloe- [302] | tree bark | Greek | φλοιός (phloiós) | hypophloeodic, phlobaphene, phloem, phloeophagy |
| phlog- | ||||
| phob- | fear | Greek | φόβος (phobos) | acrophobia, arachnophobia, claustrophobia, ergophobia, homophobia, hydrophobia, zeusophobia |
| phon- [303] | sound | Greek | φωνή (phōnḗ), φωνητικός (phōnētikós), φώνημα (phṓnēma) | acrophonic, acrophony, allophone, antiphon, antiphony, aphonia, aphonic, apophony, archiphoneme, cacophony, diaphony, diplophonia, dysphonia, euphonic, euphonious, euphonize, euphony, heterophonic, heterophony, homophone, homophonous, homophony, hypophonesis, ideophone, idiophone, isophone, logophonetic, megaphone, microphone, misophonia, monophonic, monophony, morphophonology, phonaesthesia, phonaesthetics, phone, phonemic, phonesthemic, phonetic, phonetics, phonics, phonogram, phonograph, phonology, phonophobia, phonosemantics, phonotactics, polyphonic, polyphony, stereophonic, symphonic, symphony, telephonic, telephony |
| phos-, phot- | light | Greek | φῶς, φωτός (phōs, phōtos) | phosphor, phosphorus, photic, photo, photoelectric, photogenic, photograph, photosynthesis |
| phrag- [304] (ΦΡΑΓ) | fence | Greek | φράσσειν (phrássein), φράξις (phráxis), φράγμα (phrágma) | diaphragm |
| phren-, phron- [305] | mind | Greek | φρήν, φρενός (phrḗn, phrenós) | euneirophrenia, euphrasy, Euphrosyne, frantic, frenetic, frenzy, oneirophrenia, phrenetic, -phrenia, phrenic, phrenitis, phrenology, phronema, phronesis, phronetic, schizophrenia, sophrosyne |
| phryn- [306] | toad, toad-like | Greek | φρύνη (phrúnē) | Phrynobatrachus |
| phtheg- [307] | utter | Greek | φθέγγεσθαι (phthéngesthai), φθεγκτός, φθεγκτικός, φθέγξις, φθέγμα, φθέγματος (phthégma), φθεγματικός, φθόγγος (phthóngos), φθογγή | apophthegm, apophthegmatic, diphthong, diphthongize, monophthong, monophthongize |
| phyc- [308] | seaweed | Greek | φῦκος, φύκεος (phûkos) | phycology, Phycomyces, schizophyceous |
| phyl- | tribe | Greek | φύλον (phulon) | phylogenetics, phylum |
| phyll- [309] | leaf | Greek | φύλλον (phullon) | chlorophyll, phyllotaxis |
| phys- [310] | bladder | Greek | φῦσα (phûsa) | physogastric, physostomous, Triplophysa |
| physi- | nature | Greek | φύσις (phusis) | physics physician |
| physalid- | bladder | Greek | φυσαλ(λ)ίς (phusal(l)is) | physalis |
| phyt- | plant | Greek | φύειν (phúein), φυτόν (phutón) | archaeophyte, autophyte, bryophyte, dermatophyte, neophyte, phytoplankton |
| pi- | kind, devout, pity | Latin | pius | expiate, impious, piety, pious, pity |
| pic- | pitch | Latin | pix, picis | piceous |
| piez- [311] | squeeze | Greek | πιέζειν (piézein), πιεστός (piestós), πίεσις, πίεσμα, πίεσματος, πιεστήρ | isopiestic, piezochromism, piezoelectric, piezometer |
| pil- | hair | Latin | pilus | depilatory, epilator |
| pil- | pillar, ball | Latin | pila | pile, pill, pillar, pillory |
| pin- [312] (ΠΟ) | drink | Greek | πίνειν (pínein), πῶμα | pinocytosis |
| pin- | pine | Latin | pinus | pineal gland |
| ping-, pict- | paint | Latin | pingere, pictus | depiction, picture, pigment |
| pingu- | fat | Latin | pinguis | Pinguicula, pinguitude |
| pir- [313] | try | Greek | πεῖρα, πείρας (peîra), πειρᾶν (peirân), πειρατής (peiratḗs), πειρατικός (peiratikós), (peirāteía), πειράζω, πείρασις, πειρασμός | antipiracy, apeirogon, apeirohedron, piracy, pirate, piratic |
| pir- | pear | Latin | pirus | piriformis muscle |
| pisc- | fish | Latin | piscis | Pisces, piscivore |
| pis- [314] | pea | Greek | πίσος (písos) | pisoid, pisolite |
| pithec- [315] | ape, monkey | Greek | πίθηκος (píthēkos) | australopithecine, Australopithecus, caenopithecine |
| plac- [316] | plain, plate, tablet | Greek | πλάξ, πλακός (pláx, plakós) | Aplacophora, placenta, placode |
| plac- | calm | Latin | placare, placatus | implacable, placable, placate, please, supple |
| plac-, plea- | please | Latin | placēre, placitus | complacent, complaisant, displease, placebo, placid, plea, please, pleasure |
| plag- [317] | oblique | Greek | πλάγος (plágos), πλάγιος (plágios), πλαγιότης | plage, plagiocephaly, plagioclase, plagiotropic, playa |
| plan- [318] | wander | Greek | πλάνος, πλανάομαι, πλανᾶσθαι (planâsthai), (planáein), πλανητός (planētós), πλανήτης | aplanetic, aplanogamete, aplanospore, exoplanet, planet, planoblast, planogamete, planospore, protoplanet |
| plan- | flat | Latin | planus | explanation, planar, plane |
| plang-, planct- | Latin | plangere, planctus | plangent | |
| plas- [319] | mould | Greek | πλάσσειν (plássein), πλαστός (plastós), πλαστικός (plastikós), πλάσις (plásis), πλάσμα, πλάσματος (plásma, plásmatos), πλάθω (plathō) | plasma, plastic, plastique, plastochron, plastromancy, plastron, prosoplasia, protoplasm, pseudoplastic, symplast |
| plat- [320] | flat, broad | Greek | πλατύς (platús), πλατεῖα (plateîa) | piazza, place, plaice, plateau, platitude, platyhelminth, platypus, Platyrrhini, platysma, Platyzoa, plaza |
| plaud-, -plod-, plaus-, -plos- | approve, clap | Latin | plaudere, plausus | applaud, applause, explosion, implode, plaudits, plausible |
| ple- [321] (ΠΛΕ) | fill, full | Greek | πιμπλάναι (pimplánai), πλέως/πλέος, πλειότερος, πλειότης, πλήρης (plḗrēs), πληρόω, πλήρωσις (plḗrōsis), πλήρωμα (plḗrōma), πλῆθος, πληθύς, πληθύω, πληθύνω, πληθυντικός, πληθώρα/πληθώρη (plēthṓra), πληθωρικός (plēthōrikós), πληθύνω (plēthúnein), πληθυσμός (plēthusmós) | pleroma, plethora, plethoric, plethysm, plethysmograph, plethysmometry |
| ple- [322] | sail, swim | Greek | πλεῖν (pleîn), πλεῦσις (pleûsis), πλόος | pleon, pleopod, pleuston |
| ple-, plet- | fill | Latin | plere | complement, complete, deplete, implement, replete, suppletion, supply |
| pleb- | people | Latin | plebs, plebis | plebeian, plebs |
| plec-, ploc- [323] | plait, interweave | Greek | πλέκειν (plékein), πλεκτός (plektós), πλεκτικός (plektikós), πλέξις (pléxis), πλέγμα (plégma), πλοκή (plokḗ), πλόκος | plectics, plexogenic, ploce, symplectic, symplectomorphism, symploce |
| plect-, plex- | plait | Latin | plectere, plexus | perplex |
| pleg- [324] (ΠΛΗΓ) | strike | Greek | πλήσσειν (plḗssein), πληκτός (plēktós), πλήκτης, πληγή (plēgḗ), πλῆξις (plêxis), πλῆγμα, πλήκτης, πλῆκτρον | apoplectic, apoplexy, cataplectic, cataplexy, hemiplegia, monoplegia, paraplegia, plectrum, pleximeter, tetraplegia |
| plen- | full | Latin | plenus | plenary, plenitude, plenty, replenish |
| plesi- | near | Greek | πλησίος (plēsíos), πλησιότης (plēsiótēs) | plesiosaur |
| pleth- | full | Greek | πλήθειν (plḗthein), πλῆθος (plēthos) | plethodontid, plethora |
| pleur- [325] | rib, side | Greek | πλευρά (pleurá), πλευρόν (pleurón) | metapleural, pleura, pleurisy, pleuritis, pleurodynia, pleuron |
| plic- | fold | Latin | plicare, plicatus | appliance, application, apply, duplication, explicate, explicit, implicate, implicit, imply, ply, replicate, supplicant, supplicate, supplication |
| plinth- [326] | brick | Greek | πλίνθος (plínthos) | plinth, Plinthograptis |
| ploc- | ||||
| plor- | Latin | plorare | implore | |
| plu- | rain | Latin | pluere, see also pluvia | pluvial |
| plum- | feather | Latin | pluma | plumage, plumate |
| plumb- | lead | Latin | plumbum | plumber |
| plur-, plus- | more | Latin | plus, pluris | double, plural, pluralist, plus, quadruple, surplus, triple |
| plurim- | most | Latin | plurimus | plurimal |
| plut- [327] | wealth | Greek | πλοῦτος (ploûtos) | ploutonion, plutarchy, plutocracy, plutocrat, plutolatry, plutomania, plutonomics, Plutus |
| pne- [328] | blow, breathe, lung | Greek | πνεῖν (pneîn), πνεῦμα (pneûma), πνεύμων (pneúmōn) | anapnograph, anapnoic, apnea, apnoea, dyspnoea, pleuropneumonia, pneumatic, pneumatology, pneumonia, pneumonic, pneumotaxic |
| pnig-, pnict- [329] | choke | Greek | πνίγειν (pnígein), πνῖγος, πνῖγμα, πνιγμός, πνικτός, πνικτικός | pnictide, pnictogen |
| po-, pin- [330] (ΠΟ) | drink | Greek | πίνειν (pínein), πόσις, πῶμα | pinocytosis, pinosome, symposium |
| pod- [331] | foot | Greek | πούς, ποδός (poús, podós), ποδικός (podikós), ποδία (podía), πόδιον (pódion), πέδον (pédon), πεδίον, πέζα | amphipod, antipode, decapod, podiatry, podium, podomancy, podomere, podopaediatric, polyp, polyposis, sympodium, tetrapod, tripod |
| pogon- [332] | beard | Greek | πώγων, πώγωνος (pṓgōn, pṓgōnos), πωγωνίας (pōgōníās) | pogonia, pogoniasis, pogonology, pogonophobia, pogonotrophy, Triplopogon |
| poie-, poe- [333] | make | Greek | ποιϝέω, ποιεῖν (poieîn), ποιητός (poiētós) "made", ποιητικός (poiētikós), ποίησις (poíēsis), ποίημα (poíēma), ποιητής (poiētḗs) "maker" | allopoiesis, autopoiesis, onomatopoeia, piyyut, poem, poesy, poet, poetaster, poetic, poiesis |
| pol- [334] | pole | Greek | πόλος (pólos) | dipole, polar |
| pole- [335] | sell | Greek | πωλεῖν (pōleîn), πώλησις, πώλης "seller" | duopoly, monopolist, monopolize, monopoly, oligopolist, oligopoly |
| polem- [336] | war | Greek | πολεμεῖν (polemeîn), πόλεμος (pólemos), πολεμικός (polemikós) | polemarch, polemic, polemology |
| poli- [337] | city | Greek | πόλις, πόλιος (pólis, pólios), πολίτης (polítēs), πολιτικός (politikós) | acropolis, biopolitics, cosmopolis, cosmopolitan, Decapolis, ecumenopolis, eperopolis, geopolitics, heptapolis, hexapolis, megalopolis, metropolis, pentapolis, police, policy, polis, politeia, politics, polity, propolis, tetrapolis, Tripoli |
| poli- [338] | gray, grey | Greek | πολιός (poliós), πολιότης | poliomyelitis, poliosis |
| poll- [339] | many | Greek | πολλός (pollós) | |
| pollic- | thumb | Latin | pollex, pollicis | pollicate |
| pollin- | fine flour | Latin | pollen, pollinis | pollination |
| poly- [340] | many | Greek | πολύς (polús), πολλός (pollós), πολλότης (pollótēs), πολλάκις (pollákis) "many times", πολλαπλάσιος/πολυπλάσιος, πλείων (pleíōn) "more", πλεῖστος (pleîstos) "most", πολλοστός (pollostós) | hoi polloi, pollakanth, polyadic, polyandry, polygamy, polygon, polyphase, polysaccharide, polytheistic |
| pomp- | ||||
| pomph- [341] | blister | Greek | πομφός (pomphós), πομφόλυξ | podopompholyx, pompholyx |
| pon-, posit- | put | Latin | ponere, positus | apposite, apropos, component, depose, deposit, exponent, expose, expound, impose, impound, opponent, position, positive, postpone, posture, propone, proponent, proposition, propound, repose |
| ponder- | weight | Latin | pondus, ponderis, ponderare | ponder, preponderance |
| pont- | bridge | Latin | pons, pontis | pontoon |
| popul- | people | Latin | populus, populare | population, popular, populous |
| por- [342] | passage | Greek | πόρος (póros), πορεύω, πορίζειν (porízein), πόρισμα (pórisma) | aporetic, aporia, emporium, gonopore, ozopore, polypore, pore, porism, porismatic |
| porc- | pig | Latin | porcus | porcine, pork |
| porn- [343] | prostitute | Greek | πόρνη (pórnē) | pornographic, pornography |
| porphyr- [344] | purple | Greek | πορφύρα (porphúra) | porphyrin, porphyritic, porphyrophobia, porphyry |
| port- | carry | Latin | portare "to carry", porta "gate" | comportment, deport, export, import, port, portable, portage, portal, porter, portfolio, purport, rapport, report, support, transport |
| portion- | part, share | Latin | portio | portion, proportion |
| post- | after, behind | Latin | post | posterior, posterity, postscript |
| pot- | power | Latin | potere "be powerful", from potis "powerful, able" | despot, impotent, possess, potent, potentate, potential, power |
| pot- | drink | Latin | potus, potare | potable, potion |
| potam- [345] | river | Greek | ποταμός (potamós) | autopotamic, hippopotamus, Mesopotamia, potamic, potamodromous, potamology, potamophobia, potamoplankton |
| prag- [346] | do | Greek | πράσσειν (prássein), πράττειν (práttein), πρασσόμενον, πρακτός (praktós), πρακτικός (prāktikós), (prāktikḗ), πρᾶξις (prâxis), πρᾶγμα (prâgma) | apraxia, dyspraxia, parapraxis, practic, practice, pragma, pragmatic, pragmatism, pragmatist, praxis |
| pras- [347] | leek | Greek | πράσον (práson), πράσινος (prásinos) "leek-green", πρασιά | chrysoprase, prasinous |
| prat- | meadow | Latin | pratum | |
| prav- | crooked | Latin | pravus | depravity |
| pre- | before | Latin | prae | previous |
| prec- | pray | Latin | precāri "to ask, beg, pray", from prex "prayer" | deprecation, imprecation, pray, prayer, precarious |
| pred- | prey | Latin | praedari "plunder", from praeda "prey" | depredate, predation, predator, predatory, prey |
| prehend-, prend-, prehens- | grasp | Latin | prehendere, prehensus | apprehend, comprehend, comprehensive, enterprise, prehensility, prehension, prey, prison, prize, reprehend, surprise |
| prem-, -prim-, press- | press | Latin | premere, pressus | pressure |
| presby- [348] | old | Greek | πρέσβυς (présbus), πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros), (presbutérion) | archpriest, presbyter, Presbyterianism, presbyterium, presbytery, priest, protopresbyter |
| preter- | past | Latin | praeter | preterite, pretermission |
| preti- | price | Latin | pretium, pretiare | |
| pri- [349] | saw | Greek | πρίειν (príein), πρῖσις (prîsis), πρίων, πρίονος (príōn) | prion |
| priap- [350] | Greek | πριάπος | priapism, Priapus | |
| prim- | first | Latin | primus | primacy, primal, primary, prime, primeval, primitive |
| prior- | former | Latin | prior | priority |
| prism- [351] | Greek | πρίσμα, πρίσματος (prísma, prísmatos), πρισμάτιον (prismátion) | antiprism, prism, prismatic, prismatoid | |
| priv- | separate | Latin | privus, privare, privatus | deprivation, privilege |
| pro- [352] | before, in front of | Greek | πρό (pró), πρότερος (próteros) "former", πρῶτος (prōtos) | prologue, prostate, prow |
| pro- | for, forward | Latin | pro | procrastinate, propel, propulsion |
| prob- | worthy, good | Latin | probare "prove to be worthy", probus | approbation, approve, disapprobation, opprobrium, probable, probation, probe, probity, proof, prove, reprobate, reprove |
| proct- [353] | anus | Greek | πρωκτός (prōktós) | Ectoprocta, Entoprocta, epiproct, hypoproct, paraproct, periproct, proctalgia, proctology |
| prodig- | waste | Latin | prodigus "wasteful", from prodigere "drive away, waste" | prodigal, prodigality |
| prodig- | prodigy | Latin | prodigium "prodigy" | prodigious, prodigy |
| propri- | property; one's own | Latin | proprietas "appropriateness, property, ownership", from proprius "one's own" | appropriate, proper, property, proprietary, proprietor, propriety |
| pros- [354] | forth, forward | Greek | πρός (prós), πρόσθεν (prósthen), πρόσθιος (prósthios) | prosenchyma, prosophobia, prosthesis, prosthion |
| prosop- [355] | face | Greek | πρόσωπον (prósōpon) | aprosopia, diprosopus, prosopography, prosopopoeia, prosopospasm |
| prot- [356] | first | Greek | πρῶτος (prōtos) [note 1] | antiproton, protagonist, protist, protocol, proton, protoplasm, prototype, Protozoa |
| proter- | former | Greek | πρό (pró), πρότερος (próteros), προτερέω | Proterozoic |
| proxim- | nearest | Latin | proximus, proximare | approximate, proximity |
| prun- | plum | Latin | prunus | prune |
| psa- [357] | rub | Greek | ψᾶν (psân), ψαφαρός, ψήχειν, (psēstós) | palimpsest |
| psall- [358] | pluck | Greek | ψάλλειν (psállein), ψαλμός (psalmós) | psalm, psalmodicon, psalmody, psalter, psaltery, psaltikon |
| psamath- | sand | Greek | ||
| psamm- | sand | Greek | ψάμμος (psámmos), ψάμαθος (psámathos) | psammite, psammitic, psammoma, psammophile, Psammophis, psammophyte, psammosere, psammous |
| pseph- | pebble | Greek | ψάω, ψῆφος (psêphos), ψηφίζειν (psēphízein) | isopsephy, psephite, psephitic, psephocracy, psephology |
| pseud- [359] | false | Greek | ψεύδω, ψεῦδος (pseûdos) | pseudonym |
| pseud- | false | Greek | ψεύδομαι, ψευδής (pseudēs) | pseudonym |
| psil- [360] | bare | Greek | ψιλοῦν (psiloûn), ψιλός (psilós), ψιλότης, ψίλωσις (psílōsis) | epsilon, psilanthropism, psilanthropy, , psilocybin, psilosis, psilotic |
| psithyr- [361] | whisper | Greek | ψίθυρος, ψιθυρίζω, ψιθυρισμός | Psithyrisma |
| psittac- [362] | parrot | Greek | ψιττακός, ψιττακοῦ (psittakós) | psittacine, psittacism, psittacosis |
| psoph- [363] | noise | Greek | ψόφος (psóphos), ψοφεῖν, ψοφητικός, ψόφησις, ψόφημα, ψοφοειδής | Psophiidae, Psophocichla, psophometer, psophometric |
| psor- [364] | itch | Greek | ψωρός (psōrós), ψώρα (psṓra), ψωριᾶν (psōriân), (psōríāsis) | psora, psoriasis, psoric, psorosis |
| psych- [365] | mind | Greek | ψύχειν (psúchein), ψυχή (psuchḗ), ψυχικός (psuchikós) | hylopsychism, panpsychism, psyche, psychiatry, psychic, psychoanalysis, psychologist, psychology, psychopathic, psychopathy, psychopomp, psychosis, psychotherapy, psychotic, psychoticism |
| psychr- [366] | cold | Greek | ψύχω, ψυχρός (psuchrós), ψυχρότης | psychroalgia, psychrometer, psychrophile, psychrophilic, psychrophily |
| pter- [367] | wing | Greek | πτερόν, πτεροῦ (pterón), πτέρυξ, πτέρυγος (ptérux), (pterugōtós), πτερίσκος | apterous, apterygote, archaeopteryx, brachypterous, brachyptery, Chiroptera, chiropterologist, Endopterygota, exopterygote, helicopter, hemipterous, heteropterous, homopterous, Neoptera, peripteros, pterodactyl, pteron, pteropod, pterosaur, pterostigma, pterygote, tetrapterous |
| pterid- [368] | fern | Greek | πτερίς, πτερίδος (pterís, pterídos) | pteridology, pteridophyte, pteridosperm |
| pto- [369] | fall | Greek | πίπτειν (píptein), πτωτός (ptōtós), πτωτικός (ptōtikós), πτῶσις (ptṓsis), πτῶμα, πτῶματος (ptṓma, ptṓmatos) | anaptotic, asymptomatic, apoptosis, peripeteia, peripety, polyptoton, proptosis, proptotic, ptomaine, ptosis, ptotic, symptom, symptomatic, symptosis |
| ptoch- [370] | poor | Greek | πτωχός (ptōchós), πτωχότης | ptochocracy, ptochology |
| pty- [371] | spit | Greek | πτύειν, πτύον (ptúon), πτύσις (ptúsis), πτύαλον | hemoptysis, ptyalin, pyoptysis |
| ptych- [372] | fold, layer | Greek | πτύσσειν (ptússein), πτύγμα (ptúgma), πτύξ (ptúx), πτυχός (ptuchós), πτυχή (ptuchḗ) | anaptyctic, anaptyxis, diptych, heptaptych, hexaptych, octaptych, pentaptych, polyptych, tetraptych, triptych |
| pub- | sexually mature | Latin | pubes, puberis | pubescent, pubic |
| public- | public | Latin | publicus | publication, publicity |
| pude- | shame | Latin | pudere | impudent, pudendum, repudiate |
| pug-, pugn- | fight | Latin | pugnare "to fight", from pugnus "fist" | impugn, pugilism, pugnacious, repugnant |
| pulchr- | beautiful | Latin | pulcher, pulchri | pulchritude |
| pulmon- | lung | Latin | pulmo, pulmonis | pulmonary |
| pulver- | dust | Latin | pulvis, pulveris | pulverize |
| pung-, punct- | prick | Latin | pungere, punctus | acupuncture, expunge, poignant, point, punch, punctual, punctuation, puncture, pungent |
| pup- | doll | Latin | pupa | pupa, pupate, puppet |
| pur- | pure | Latin | purare "to purify", from purus "pure" | impurity, pure, puree, purge, purify, purity |
| purg- | cleanse | Latin | purgare | expurgate, purgatory, purge |
| purpur- | purple | Latin | purpura | purpurate, purpureal |
| put- | prune, reckon | Latin | putāre | amputation, compute, dispute, impute, putative, reputation |
| py- [373] | pus | Greek | πύον (púon), (pyeîn) | empyema, pyemia, pyemesis, pyesis, pyocyst, pyogenesis, pyorrhea, pyorrhoea, pyosis, pyoureter |
| pyel- [374] | trough | Greek | πύελος (púelos), πυελίς | pyelectasis, pyelitis, pyelogram, pyelography, pyelonephritis, pyeloscopy |
| pyg- [375] | rump | Greek | πυγή (pugḗ) | callipygian, pygopagus, pygostyle, steatopygia |
| pyl- [376] | gate | Greek | πύλη (púlē), πυλών, πυλῶνος (pulṓn, pulōnos) | apopyle, micropyle, propylaea, prosopyle, pylon, pyloric, pylorus, tetrapylon, Thermopylae |
| pyr- [377] | fire | Greek | πύρ, πυρός (púr, purós), πυρά (pyrá), πυρότης, πυρετός, πυρέττειν | antipyretic, Empyreuma, pyre, pyrite, pyroclastic, pyrolysis, pyromancy, pyromania, pyromaniac, pyrometric, pyrophobia, pyrophoric, pyrosis, pyrosome, pyrotechnic |
| pyramid- [378] | Greek | πυραμίς, πυραμίδος | dipyramid, pyramid, pyramidion | |
| pyrrh- [379] | flame-colored | Greek | πῦρ, πυρρός, πυρρότης, πυρράζω | pyrrhic |
Q
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| quadr- | four | Latin | quattuor | quadrangle, quadrennial, quadriceps, quadrifarious, quadrifid, quadrifolium, quadrifrons, quadrilateral, quadrilingual, quadriliteral, quadrillion, quadrimester, quadrinational, quadrinodal, quadrinomial, quadrinominal, quadripara, quadrireme, quadrisection, quadrivalent, quadrivium, quadruped, quadruple, quadruplet, quadruplex, quadruplicate, quatrain, quatre, quatrefoil |
| quadragen- | forty each | Latin | quadrageni | quadragenarian, quadragenary |
| quadragesim- | fortieth | Latin | quadragesimus | Quadragesima, quadragesimal |
| quart- | fourth | Latin | quartus | inquartation, interquartile, quadroon, quart, quartal, quartan, quartary, quarte, quarter, quartermaster, quartet, quartic, quartile, quartine, quarto, semiquartile |
| quasi- | as if | Latin | quasi | quasar |
| quatern- | four each | Latin | quaternī | biquaternion, quatern, quaternary, quaternate, quaternion, quaternity, quire |
| quati-, -cuti-, quass-, -cuss- | shake | Latin | quatere | cassate, cassation, concussion, concussive, conquassate, decussation, discuss, discussion, discussive, discutient, excuss, excussio, excussion, fracas, percuss, percussion, percussive, percussor, quash, quassation, recussion, repercussion, rescue, squash, squassation, subconcussive, succuss, succussation, succussion, succussive |
| quer-, -quir-, quesit-, -quisit- | search, seek | Latin | quaerere, quaesītus | acquest, acquire, acquiree, acquirement, acquisite, acquisition, acquisitive, acquisitory, conquer, conquest, corequisite, disquisition, exquire, exquisite, inquest, inquire, inquiry, inquisition, inquisitive, inquisitor, inquisitorial, inquisitory, perquisite, perquisition, prerequisite, quaere, quaestor, query, quest, question, questionable, questionary, questionnaire, questor, reconquer, reconquest, request, require, requirement, requisite, requisition, requisitive, requisitor, requisitory |
| qui- | rest | Latin | quies, quiētus | acquiesce, acquiescence, acquiescent, acquit, acquittal, acquittance, inquietude, quiescence, quiescent, quiet, quietude, quietus, quit, requiem, requiescat |
| quin- | five each | Latin | quini | biquinary, quinarius, quinary, quinate |
| quindecim- | fifteenth | Latin | quindecimus | quindecimal |
| quinden- | fifteen each | Latin | quindeni | quindenary |
| quinque- | five | Latin | quinque | cinquain, cinque, quinquefoil, quinquennial, quinquennium, quinquepartite, quinquevalent |
| quint- | fifth | Latin | quintus | biquintile, quint, quinta, quintal, quintan, quintant, quintary, quinte, quintessence, quintessential, quintic, quintile, quintipara, quintus, semiquintile |
| quot- | how many, how great | Latin | quotiens | quota, quotient, subquotient |
R
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rad-, ras- | scrape, shave | Latin | radere, rasus | abrade, abrasion, abrasive, corrade, corrasion, erase, erasure, nonabrasive, radula, radular, raduliform, rase, rash, rasorial, raster, rasure, subradular |
| radi- | beam, spoke | Latin | radius, radiare | radiance, radiation |
| radic- | root | Latin | rādix, rādīcis | eradicate, radical |
| ram- | branch | Latin | rāmus | ramification, ramose |
| ran- | frog | Latin | rana | Rana |
| ranc- | rancidness, grudge, bitterness | Latin | rancere | rancid, rancor |
| rap- | rob, seize | Latin | rapere, raptus | arreption, arreptitious, enrapt, enrapture, rapacious, rapacity, rape, rapid, rapidity, rapine, rapt, raptio, raptor, raptorial, rapture, rapturous, raptus, ravenous, ravine, ravish, subreption, subreptitious, surreptitious |
| rap- | turnip | Latin | rapum | rapeseed |
| raph- [380] | sew, seam | Greek | ῥάπτειν (rháptein), ῤαφή (rhaphḗ) | raphae, raphe |
| rar- | rare | Latin | rarus | rarity |
| rauc- | harsh, hoarse | Latin | raucus | raucous |
| re-, red- | again, back | Latin | re- | recede, redact |
| rect-, reg-, -rig- | straight, direct | Latin | regere "to direct, lead straight, guide", related rectus "straight, right" | correct, direct, dirigible, erect, erection, ergo, rectangle, rectify, rectitude, rectum, regent, regime, regimen, regiment, region, surge |
| reg-, rex- | king | Latin | rex (genitive regis) | regal, regency, regicide, Regis, regulation, reign, rex, royal |
| regul- | rule | Latin | regula "to rule" | regular, regulate, regulation, rule |
| rem- | oar | Latin | remus | bireme, trireme |
| ren- | kidney | Latin | renes | renal |
| rep-, rept- | crawl, creep | Latin | repere, reptus | reptile |
| resid- | left behind | Latin | residere "remain behind" (see also sedere) | reside, residence, resident, residual, residue |
| ret- | net | Latin | rete | reticle, retina |
| retro- | backward, behind | Latin | retro | retrograde, retrospective, retrovirus |
| rhabd- [381] | rod | Greek | ῥάβδος (rhábdos) | rhabdoid, rhabdom, rhabdomancy, rhabdomyolysis, rhabdomyosarcoma |
| rhach-, rach- [382] | spine | Greek | ῥάχις, ῥάχεως (rháchis) | rachipagus, rachis, rachischisis, rhachiodont, rhachis |
| rhag-, rheg- [383] | rend, tear | Greek | ῥηγνύναι (rhēgnúnai), ῥαγίζω, ῥῆξις (rhêxis), ῥῆγμα (rhêgma) | bronchorrhagia, hemorrhage, menorrhagia, regma, rhagades, rhegma, rhegmatogenous, rhexis |
| rhe- [384] | flow | Greek | ῥεῖν (rheîn), ῥυτός (rhutós), ῥύσις (rhúsis), ῥεῦμα (rheûma), ῥοία (rhoía), ῥυθμός (rhuthmós) | antiarrhythmic, arrhythmia, arrhythmic, diarrhoea, dysrhythmia, endorheic, eurhythmia, eurhythmic, eurhythmy, gonorrhoea, hemorrhea, logorrhea, polyrhythm, rheology, rheometer, rheostat, rheum, rheumatic, rheumatism, rheumatoid, rheumatology, rhythm, rhythmic, rhyton |
| rhetin- [385] | resin | Greek | ῥητίνη (rhētínē), ῥητινώδης, ῥητινόω | retinite |
| rhig- [386] | chill | Greek | ῥῖγος (rhîgos) | rhigosaurus |
| rhin- [387] | nose, snout | Greek | ῥίς, ῥινός (rhís, rhinós) | catarrhine, haplorhine, platyrrhine, rhinoceros, rhinophyma, rhinoplasty, strepsirrhine |
| rhiz- [388] | root | Greek | ῥίζα (rhíza), ῥιζοῦν (rhizoûn), ῥίζωμα (rhízōma) | ectomycorrhiza, rhizoid, rhizomatous, rhizome, rhizomorph, rhizomorphous, rhizophagous, rhizophagy, Rhizopogon, Rhizopus, rhizosphere |
| rho- [389] | R, r | Greek | Ρ, ρ, ῥῶ (rhô) | rho, rhotacism, rhotacize, rhotic |
| rhod- [390] | rose | Greek | ῥόδον (rhódon) | rhododendron, rhodophyte, rhodopsin |
| rhomb- | spinning top | Greek | ῥόμβος (rhómbos) | orthorhombic, rhomb, rhombic, rhomboid, rhombus, rhumb |
| rhynch- [391] | snout | Greek | ῥύγχος (rhúnchos) | Oncorhynchus, Rhynchobatus, rhynchophore |
| rid-, ris- | laugh | Latin | ridere "to laugh" (past participle risus) | deride, derision, ridicule, ridiculous, risible |
| robor- | oak, strength | Latin | roborare "to strengthen", from robur, robus "strength" | corroborant, corroborate, corroboration, corroborative, corroborator, robust |
| rod-, ros- | gnaw | Latin | rodere, rosus | corrode, erosion, rodent |
| rog- | ask | Latin | rogare | abrogate, arrogant, arrogate, derogate, derogation, derogatory, interrogation, prerogative, prorogue, rogation, rogue, surrogate |
| rostr- | beak, prow | Latin | rōstrum | brevirostrate, curvirostral, lamellirostral, rostellate, rostelliform, rostellum, rostral, rostrate, rostriform, rostrulum, rostrum |
| rot- | wheel | Latin | rota, rotare | arrondissement, circumrotation, contrarotation, control, controller, decontrol, enroll, enrollee, enrollment, irrotational, multirole, multiroll, redondilla, reenroll, rodeo, role, roll, rondeau, rondel, rondelle, rondo, rotary, rotate, rotation, rotational, rotator, rotatory, rotavirus, rotelle, rotifer, Rotifera, rotiferous, rotiform, rotula, rotund, rotunda, rotundifolious, rotundity, roulette, round, roundel, roundelay, roundlet, rowel, semiround |
| ruber-, rubr- | red | Latin | ruber | erubescence, erubescent, rubella, Rubio, rubious, rubric, rubricate, rubrication, rubricator, ruby |
| rudi- | unskilled, rough, unlearned | Latin | rudis | erudite, erudition, rude, rudiment, rudimentary, rudity |
| rug- | wrinkle | Latin | rūga, rugare | corrugant, corrugate, corrugation, erugate, rugose |
| rumin- | throat | Latin | rūmen, ruminis | rumen, rumenic acid, ruminal, ruminant, ruminate, rumination, ruminator |
| rump-, rupt- | break | Latin | rumpere, ruptus | abrupt, corruptible, disrupt, erupt, eruption, interrupt, rupture |
| rur- | countryside, farm | Latin | rūs, rūris | nonrural, roister, roisterous, rural, rustic, rusticate, rustication, rusticity |
S
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sacc- [392] | bag | Greek | σάκκος (sákkos) | sack |
| sacchar- [393] | sugar | Greek | σάκχαρ, σάκχαρον (sákcharon) | disaccharide, heteropolysaccharide, homopolysaccharide, lipooligosaccharide, lipopolysaccharide, monosaccharide, oligosaccharide, pentasaccharide, polysaccharide, saccharin, trisaccharide |
| sacr-, -secr- | sacred | Latin | sacrare, from sacer (genitive sacri) | consecrate, desecrate, sacrament, sacred, sacrosanct |
| sagac- | wise | Latin | sagax, sagacis | sagacious, sagacity |
| sagitt- | arrow | Latin | sagitta | sagittal plane, Sagittaria |
| sal- | salt | Latin | sal, salis, salere | salinity |
| sali-, -sili-, salt- | jump | Latin | salire, saltus | desultory, resilient, salient, saltus |
| salic- | willow | Latin | salix, salicis | salicin |
| salping- [394] | trumpet | Greek | σάλπιγξ, σάλπιγγος (sálpigx, sálpiggos) | endosalpingiosis, hysterosalpingography, salpiglossis, salpinx |
| salu- | health, welfare | Latin | salus | salubrious, salubrity, salutary, salute |
| salv- | save | Latin | salvus, salvare | salvage, salvation, salve |
| san- | healthy | Latin | sanus | insane, insanity, sanatorium, sane, sanitarian, sanitarium, sanitary, sanitation, sanity |
| sanc- | holy | Latin | sancire (past participle sanctus) | sacrosanct, saint, sanctify, sanction, sanctuary |
| sanguin- | blood | Latin | sanguis, sanguinis | consanguinity, sanguinary, sanguine |
| sapi-, -sipi- | taste, wise | Latin | sapere "to have a taste, be wise", related to sapor "taste, flavor" | insipid, insipience, sapient |
| sapon- | soap | Latin | sapo, saponis | saponification |
| sapphir- [395] | Greek | σάπφειρος (sáppheiros) | sapphire, sapphirine | |
| sapr- [396] | rotten | Greek | σήπειν, σαπρός (saprós), σαπρότης | sapraemia, saprogenic, saprophagous, saprophyte, saprotrophic |
| sarc- [397] | flesh | Greek | σάρξ, σαρκός (sárx, sarkós) | perisarc, sarcasm, sarcastic, sarcocele, sarcoid, sarcoidosis, sarcoma, sarcophagus, Sarcopterygii, sarcosine, sarcosinemia, sarcosome |
| sarc- | tailor | Latin | sartor "tailor", from sarcire "to mend" | consarcination, sartor, sartorial, sartorius |
| sati- | enough | Latin | satis | asset, sate, satiate, satiety, satisfy, saturate |
| saur- [398] | lizard, reptile | Greek | σαύρα (saúra), σαῦρος (saûros) | dinosaur, Saurischia, sauropod |
| sax- | rock | Latin | saxum | saxatile, saxicavous, saxicoline, saxifrage, saxifragous |
| scab- | scratch | Latin | scabere | scabies |
| scal- | ladder, stairs | Latin | scala | scalar, scale |
| scalen- [399] | uneven | Greek | σκαληνός (skalēnós) | scalene, scalene muscles, scalene triangle, scalenohedron |
| scand-, -scend-, scans-, -scens- | climb | Latin | scandere | ascend, ascendency, ascendent, ascension, ascent, condescend, condescendence, condescension, descend, descendent, descension, descent, scansion, transcend, transcendence, transcendent, transcendental |
| scandal- | snare | Greek | σκάνδαλον (skándalon), σκανδαλίζω (skandalízein) | scandal, scandalize |
| scap- [400] | shaft | Greek | σκᾶπος (skâpos) | scape, scapus |
| scaph- | anything hollow, bowl, ship | Greek | σκάφη, σκάφος | Scaphirhynchus, scaphoid bone, scaphopod |
| scat- [401] | dung | Greek | σκῶρ, σκατός (skôr, skatós) | scatemia, scatology, scatoma, scatomancy, scatophagy, scatoscopy |
| sced- [402] | scatter | Greek | σκεδαννύναι (skedannúnai), σκέδασις (skédasis), (skedastós), (skedastikós) | heteroscedastic, homoscedastic |
| scel- [403] | leg, thigh | Greek | σκέλος, σκέλεος (skelos) | isosceles, triskele, triskelion |
| scen- [404] | booth, tent | Greek | σκηνή (skēnḗ) | parascenium, proscenium, scene, scenic, scenography |
| scept-, scop- | look at, examine, view, observe | Greek | σκέπτεσθαι (sképtesthai), σκέψις (sképsis), σκέμμα, σκεπτικός (skeptikós), σκοπεῖν (skopeîn), σκοπός, σκοποῦ (skopós) | Abroscopus, diascopic, diascopy, endoscope, endoscopic, endoscopy, epidiascope, episcope, episcopic, gastroscopy, kaleidoscope, macroscopic, microscope, microscopic, panendoscopy, periscope, periscopic, scope, scopophobia, skeptic, stereoscopic, stereoscopy, stethoscope, telescope, telescopic, Telescopium |
| schem- | plan | Greek | σχῆμα (schēma) | schema, schematic, schematism, schematize, scheme |
| schid- [405] (ΣΧΙΔ[406]) | split | Greek | σχίζειν (schízein), σχιστός (schistós), σχίσις (schísis), σχίσμα (schísma), σχίζα | diaschisis, diaschisma, schisis, schism, schisma, schismatic, schizocarp, schizogamy, schizogony, schizoid, schizophrenia, schizotrichia |
| sci- [407] | shade, shadow | Greek | σκιά (skiá), σκιάς | sciamachy, sciaphobia |
| sci- | know | Latin | scire | conscience, conscious, conscientious, omniscious, omniscient, prescient, science, scienter |
| scind-, sciss- | split | Latin | scindere | rescind, scissors |
| scler- [408] | hard | Greek | σκέλλειν (skéllein), σκληρός (sklēros), σκληρότης (sklērótēs) | sclera, sclerectomy, scleredema, sclereid, sclerema, sclerenchyma, sclerite, scleritis, scleroderma, sclerophyll, sclerophyllous, sclerosis, sclerotic, sclerotium, sclerotize |
| scolec- [409] | worm | Greek | σκώληξ, σκώληκος (skṓlēx, skṓlēkos) | scolex |
| scoli- [410] | crooked | Greek | σκολιός (skolios), σκολιότης | scoliokyphosis, scoliosis |
| scombr- [411] | mackerel | Greek | σκόμβρος (skómbros) | scombrid, scombroid |
| scop- | look at, examine, view, observe | Greek | σκέπτομαι, σκοπός (skopos) | horoscope, kaleidoscope, microscope, periscope, scope, stethoscope, telescope, skeptic or sceptic |
| scot- [412] | darkness | Greek | σκότος, σκότου, σκοταῖος | scotoma, scotophobia, scotophobotaxis |
| scrib-, script- | write | Latin | scribere, scriptus | describe, inscribe, manuscript, prescribe, scribble, scribe, script, scripture, subscribe |
| scrupl- | uneasiness | Latin | scrupus "sharp stone" | scruple, scrupulous, unscrupulous |
| sculp- | carve | Latin | sculpere, sculptus | sculpture |
| scut- | shield | Latin | scutum | scute |
| scyph- [413] | cup | Greek | σκύφος (skyphos) | scyphoid, Scyphozoa, scyphus |
| se-, sed- | apart | Latin | se | secede, sedition, seditious, seduce |
| seb- | tallow | Latin | sebum | sebaceous, sebum |
| sec-, sect-, seg- | cut | Latin | secare | secant, section, segment |
| sed- | settle, calm | Latin | sedare, sedatus | sedative |
| sed-, -sid-, sess- | sit | Latin | sedere, sessus | assiduous, insidious, obsession, possess, preside, president, reside, resident, sedentary, sediment, sedimentary, sedulity, sedulous, session, subside, supersede |
| sedec- | sixteen | Latin | sedecim | sedecimal |
| seget- | in cornfields | Latin | segetum | |
| sei- [414] | shake | Greek | σείειν (seíein), σεισμός (seismós), σεῖστρον (seîstron) | aseismic, microseism, microseismic, paleoseismology, seism, seismic, seismogram, seismograph, seismology, seismometer, seismonasty, sistrum, teleseism, teleseismic |
| selen- | moon | Greek | σελήνη (selēnē) | paraselene, selaphobia, Selene, selenium, selenocentric, selenography, selenology |
| sell- | saddle, seat | Latin | sella | sella turcica |
| sema- | sign | Greek | σῆμα (sēma) | aposematic, asemasia, asemia, asemic, pentaseme, polyseme, polysemic, polysemous, polysemy, semantics, semaphore, semasiology, sematic, seme, sememe, semiotic, tetraseme, triseme |
| semi- | half | Latin | semis | semiannual, semicolon, semiconductor, semiconscious, semifinal, seminatural |
| semin- | seed | Latin | semen, seminis | insemination |
| sen- | old man | Latin | senex, senis | senator, senescent, senile, senility, senior |
| sen- | six each | Latin | seni | senary |
| senti-, sens- | feel | Latin | sentire, sensus | assent, consensus, consent, dissent, resent, scent, sensation, sense, sensible, sensitive, sensory, sentence, sentient, sentience, sentiment |
| sept- | fence, partition, enclosure | Latin | saeptum | transept |
| sept- | seven | Latin | septem | septennial |
| septen- | seven each | Latin | septeni | septenary |
| septim- | seventh | Latin | septimus | septimal, septime |
| septuagen- | seventy each | Latin | septuageni | septuagenary |
| septuagesim- | seventieth | Latin | septuagesimus | septuagesima, septuagesimal |
| septuagint- | seventy | Latin | septuaginta | Septuagint |
| sequ-, secut- | follow | Latin | sequere, from sequi, see also secutus | consecutive, consequence, ensue, non sequitur, obsequious, prosecute, pursue, second, sequel, sequence, subsequent |
| ser- [415] | silk | Greek | σήρ (sḗr), σηρικός | sericin, serigraph |
| ser- | sow | Latin | serere, satus | disseminate, dissemination, insemination, postseason, preseason, sation, sative, season, seasonable, seasonal, semen, semenuria, seminal, seminar, seminarian, seminary, semination, seminiferous |
| ser- | attach, join | Latin | serere, sertus | assert, assertion, assertive, curviserial, desert, desertion, desertrix, dissert, dissertation, dissertator, exert, exertion, insert, insertion, multiseriate, reassert, reassertion, rectiserial, semidesert, serial, seriate, seriatim, series, sermon, uniseriate |
| ser- | whey | Latin | serum | serac, serosa, serous, subserous |
| ser- | late | Latin | sērus | serein, serotine, serotiny, soiree |
| serp- | crawl, creep | Latin | serpere, serptus | serpent |
| serr- | saw, saw-toothed | Latin | serra, serrare | serration |
| serv- | save, protect, serve | Latin | servare | conserve, deserve, observe, preserve, reserve, servant, service, servile, servitude, subservient |
| sesqui- | one and a half | Latin | sesqui | sesquialteral, sesquicentennial, sesquipedal, sesquiplicate, sesquitertian |
| set- | bristle, hair | Latin | saeta | seta, setose |
| sever- | stern, strict, serious | Latin | severus | perseverance, perseveration, persevere, severe, severity |
| sex-, se- | six | Latin | sex | semester, sexangle, sexangular, sexavalent, sexennial, sexennium, sexireme, sexpartite, sexradiate, sexivalent, sextain |
| sexagen- | sixty each | Latin | sexageni | sexagenarian, sexagenary |
| sexagesim- | sixtieth | Latin | sexagesimus | Sexagesima, sexagesimal |
| sext- | sixth | Latin | sextus | sextant |
| sibil- | hiss | Latin | sibilus, sibilare | sibilance |
| sicc- | dry | Latin | siccare "to dry", from siccus "dry, thirsty" | desiccate, desiccation, sec, siccative |
| sicy- | cucumber | Greek | σίκυος (síkuos) | Sicyos |
| sider- | iron | Greek | σίδηρος (sídēros), σιδήρεος | siderodromophobia, siderophile |
| sider- | star | Latin | sidus, sideris | sidereal |
| sigm- [416] | S, s | Greek | σίγμα, σῖγμα (sîgma) | sigma, sigmatism, sigmatropic, sigmoid, sigmoidoscopy |
| sign- | sign | Latin | signum | design, designate, insignia, signal, signature, significant |
| sil- | quiet or still | Latin | silere | silence |
| silv- | forest | Latin | silva | silviculture |
| simi- | ape, monkey | Latin | simia | simian |
| simil-, simul- | likeness, imitating | Latin | simulare "to emulate", from similis "alike" | assimilate, dissimilate, dissemble, ensemble, resemble, semblance, similar, similarity, simile, similitude, simulacrum, simular, simulate, simulation, simulator, simultaneous, verisimilar, verisimilitude |
| sinap- [417] | mustard | Greek | σίναπι (sínapi), (sināpízein), (sināpismós) | sinapine, sinapism |
| singul- | one each | Latin | singulus | singular |
| sinistr- | left | Latin | sinister, sinistri | sinistral |
| sinu- | (to draw) a line | Latin | sinuare | insinuate |
| sinus- | hollow, bay | Latin | sinus | sinusoidal |
| siop- [418] | silence | Greek | σιωπή (siōpḗ), σιωπᾶν (siōpân), σιωπητέος (siōpētéos), σιώπησις (siṓpēsis) | aposiopesis, aposiopetic |
| siph- [419] | tube | Greek | σίφων (síphōn) | siphon, siphonoglyph |
| sist- | cause to stand | Latin | sistere | assist, consist, desist, exist, insist, persist, resist, solstice, subsist |
| sit- [420] | food, grain, wheat | Greek | σῖτος, σίτου (sîtos) | ectoparasite, endoparasite, endoparasitoid, epiparasite, hyperparasitism, kleptoparasitism, mesoparasite, parasite, parasitic, parasitism, parasitoid, sitology, syssitia |
| siz- [421] | hiss | Greek | σίζω, σίξις (síxis) | |
| smaragd- | emerald | Greek | σμάραγδος (smáragdos), σμαράγδινος (smarágdinos) | smaragdine |
| smil- | carving knife | Greek | σμίλη (smílē), σμιλεύω, σμιλευτός, σμίλευμα | smilodon |
| soci- | group | Latin | socius, sociare | associate, association, associative, consociate, consociation, consociational, disassociate, disassociation, dissociable, dissocial, dissociate, dissociation, dissociative, interassociation, nonassociative, sociability, sociable, social, sociality, societal, society |
| sol- | sun | Latin | sol, solis | circumsolar, extrasolar, insolate, insolation, solar, solarium, soliform, soliscence, solstice, subsolar |
| sol- | comfort, soothe | Latin | solari | consolation, console, solace |
| sol- | alone, only | Latin | solus | desolate, desolation, desolatory, saudade, sole, soliloquy, solitaire, solitary, solitude, solitudinarian, solitudinous, solivagous, solo, sullen |
| sole- | accustomed | Latin | solere "be accustomed" | insolence, insolent, obsolescence, obsolescent, obsolete |
| solen- | channel, pipe | Greek | σωλήν (sōlēn) | solenocyte, solenodon, solenogaster, solenoid, Solenopsis |
| solv-, solut- | loosen, set free | Latin | solvere, solutus | absolute, absolve, dissolute, dissolve, resolute, resolve, soluble, solute, solution, solve, solvent |
| soma- | body | Greek | σῶμα, σώματος (sōma, sṓmatos) | allosome, autosome, centrosome, chromosome, decasomy, disomy, gonosome, heptasomy, heterochromosome, hexasomy, metasomatic, metasomatism, microsome, microsomia, monosome, monosomy, pentasomy, plasmosome, polysomy, pyrosome, somatic, somatomancy, somatoparaphrenia, somatopleure, somite, tetrasomy, trisomy |
| somn- | sleep | Latin | somnus | insomnia, somnambulist, somnifacient, somniferous, somnific, somniloquy, somnolent |
| somni- | dream | Latin | somnium | somnial |
| son- | sound | Latin | sonus | absonant, ambisonic, assonance, assonant, assonate, consonance, consonant, consonous, dissonance, dissonant, inconsonance, inconsonant, infrasonic, infrasound, magnisonant, resonance, resonant, resonate, resound, sonance, sonant, sonata, sondage, sonnet, sonorant, sonority, soun, sound, subsonic, supersonic, triconsonantal, ultrasonic, ultrasound |
| soph- [422] | wise | Greek | σοφός (sophos), σοφία (sophía), σόφισμα (sóphisma), σοφισμός (sophismós) | antisophism, philosophy, sophism, sophist, sophistry, sophisticate, Sophocles, sophomore, sophomoric |
| sopor- | deep sleep | Latin | sopor | sopor, soporific |
| sorb-, sorpt- | suck | Latin | sorbere | absorb, absorption |
| sord- | dirt | Latin | sordes, sordere | sordid |
| soror- | sister | Latin | soror | cousin, sororal, sororate, sororicide, sorority |
| spa- [423] | draw, pull | Greek | σπᾶν (spân), σπάσις (spásis), σπασμός (spasmós), σπάσμα (spásma), σπαστικός (spastikós), σπώμενον (spṓmenon), σπάδιξ (spádix, spádikos), σπαδίζω | antispasmodic, palinspastic, perispomenon, properispomenon, spadix, spasm, spasmatic, spasmodic, spasmogenic, spasmolytic, spastic |
| spad- [424] | eunuch | Greek | σπάδος (spádos), σπάδων (spádōn), σπαδοειδής | epispadias, hypospadias |
| spars-, -spers- | scatter, sprinkle | Latin | spargere | asperse, aspersion, disperse, intersperse, sparse |
| spath- | blade | Greek | σπάθη (spáthē) | spade, spatha, spathe, spay |
| spati- | space | Latin | spatium | interspace, interspatial, space, spatial, spatiate, subspace |
| spec-, -spic-, spect- | look | Latin | specere, spectare, speculari | aspect, conspicuous, expect, inspect, introspective, prospect, respect, retrospective, species, specific, specimen, specious, spectacle, spectator, speculate |
| speir-, spor- | sow | Greek | σπείρω (speírein), σπαρτός, σπορά, σποράς, σποράδος (sporás, sporádos), σποραδικός (sporadikós), σπόρος (spóros) | aplanospore, archesporium, carpospore, chlamydospore, diaspora, diaspore, endospore, esparto, eusporangium, exospore, heterosporous, heterospory, homosporous, isosporous, leptosporangium, megasporangium, megaspore, microsporangium, microspore, mitospore, sporadic, sporangiospore, sporangium, spore, sporocarp, sporophyte, teliospore, tetraspore, tetrasporophytic, zygospore |
| spele- | cavern | Greek | σπέος (spéos), σπήλαιον (spḗlaion) | speleogen, speleogenesis, speleology, Speleomantes, speleomorphology, speleoseismite, speleothem, speleotherapy |
| spelyng- | cave | Greek | σπῆλυγξ, (spêlynx, spēlyng-) | spelunk |
| spend-, spond- | Greek | σπένδειν (spéndein), σπονδή, σπονδάς (spondḗ), σπονδεῖος, σπονδικός | spondaic, Sponde, spondee | |
| sper- | hope | Latin | spes, sperare | despair, desperado, desperate, desperation, esperance, prosper, prosperity, prosperous |
| sperm- | seed | Greek | σπέρμα, σπέρματος (spérma, spérmatos) | angiosperm, endosperm, gymnosperm, perisperm, sperm, spermatid, spermatocyte, spermatogenesis, spermatogonium, spermatozoon, stenospermocarpy |
| sphal- [425] (ΣΦΑΛ[426]) | cause to fall | Greek | σφάλλειν (sphállein), σφαλερός (sphalerós), σφαλλόμενον | sphalerite, sphaleron |
| sphen- [427] | wedge | Greek | σφήν, σφηνός (sphḗn) | sphenic, Sphenodon, sphenoid |
| spher- [428] | ball | Greek | σφαῖρα (sphaîra) | aspheric, hemisphere, hypersphere, mesosphere, pseudosphere, sphere, spherics, spheroid, spherometer, spherulite, stratosphere, trimetasphere |
| sphing-, sphinct- | strangle | Greek | σφίγγειν (sphíngein), Σφίγξ sphings, σφιγκτήρ | sphincter |
| sphondyl- | vertebra | Greek | σφόνδυλος, σφονδύλου (sphóndulos) | spondylitis, spondylolisthesis, spondylolysis, spondylosis, Temnospondyli |
| sphrag- | seal | Greek | σφραγίς (sphragís), (sphragistikós), σφραγίζω | sphragistic |
| sphyg- | pulse | Greek | σφύζειν (sphúzein), σφυγμός (sphugmós), (sphugmikós), (sphúxis) | asphyxia, sphygmic, sphygmochronograph, sphygmograph, sphygmomanometer, sphygmus |
| spic- | spike | Latin | spica | spica, spicate, spicose, spicosity, spicular, spiculate, spicule, spiculiform |
| spin- | thorn | Latin | spina | infraspinate, infraspinatus, interspinal, spinal, spine, spinel, spinescent, spiniferous, spiniform, spinose, spinous |
| spir- | breathe | Latin | spirare | aspire, conspire, expire, inspire, perspire, respiration, spirit |
| splen- | spleen | Greek | σπλήν (splḗn), splēnikós | asplenia, hypersplenism, hyposplenia, polysplenia, splenectomy, splenic, splenitis, splenoid, splenomegaly |
| spond- | Greek | |||
| spond-, spons- | a surety, guarantee; give assurance, promise solemnly | Latin | spondere, sponsus | respond |
| spondyl- | vertebra | Greek | σπόνδυλος (spondylos) | platyspondyly, spondylid, spondylolisthesis, spondylolysis, spondylopyosis, spondyloschisis, spondylosis, spondylosyndesis, Spondylus |
| spor- | Greek | |||
| spu-, sput- | spew, spit | Latin | spuere | sputum |
| squal- | scaly, dirty, filthy | Latin | squalere | squalid, squalor |
| squam- | scale | Latin | squama | squamous |
| squarros- | spreading at tips | Latin | squarrosus | squarrose |
| st- | cause to stand | Greek | ἵστημι histēmi, histánai | antistatic, ecstatic, stasis, static, systasis, system |
| st- | stand | Latin | stare "to stand", also causative form statuere "to enact, set", from status "condition, position" | circumstance, consist, constant, constitute, distant, extant, instant, obstacle, presto, stable, stamen, stamina, stance, stanchion, stanza, state, station, stationary, statistic, statue, status, staunch, stay, substance, substitute, superstition |
| stagn- | pool of standing water | Latin | stagnare | stagnant |
| stala- | dripping, trickling | Greek | σταλακτός (stalaktos) and σταλαγμός (stalagmos), both from σταλάζειν (stallassein) "to drip" | stalactite, stalagmite |
| stann- | tin | Latin | stannum | stannous |
| staphyl- | bunch of grapes | Greek | σταφυλή (staphulḗ) | staphyledema, staphylion, staphylococcus, staphyloderma, staphyloplasty |
| stasi- | standing, discord | Greek | στάσις (stasis) | static |
| statu-, -stitu- | stand | Latin | statuere | institution, statute |
| steat- | fat, tallow | Greek | στέαρ, στέατος (stéar, stéatos) | stearic acid, steatolysis, steatolytic, steatosis |
| steg- | cover | Greek | στέγη (stegē), στεγανός (steganos) | steganography, steganopod, Stegosaurus |
| stell-, stol- [429] | send | Greek | στέλλω (stéllein), στάλσις (stálsis), στολή (stolḗ) | apostle, centrostaltic, diastole, epistle, epistolic, epistolize, epistolography, eusystole, hypodiastole, peristalsis, peristaltic, peristole, stole, systaltic, systole |
| stell- | star | Latin | stella | constellation, stellar |
| sten- | stand | Greek | στεναί (stenai) | apostasy, apostate |
| sten- [430] | narrow | Greek | στενός (stenós) | stenography, stenosis |
| stere- [431] | solid | Greek | στερεός (stereós) | allosteric, stereochemistry, stereochromy, stereographic, stereography, stereoisomer, stereometry, stereophonic, stereopsis, stereoscope, stereoscopy, stereotaxis, stereotomy, stereotype, stereotypic, steric |
| stern-, strat- | spread, strew | Latin | sternere, stratus | consternation, prostrate, stratify, stratum, stratus, street |
| stern- [432] | breastbone | Greek | στέρνον (stérnon) | metasternum, sternum |
| steth- [433] | chest | Greek | στῆθος (stêthos) | stethoscope |
| sthen- [434] | strength | Greek | σθένος (sthénos) | asthenia, asthenosphere, callisthenics, hyposthenia, sthène, sthenia |
| stich- [435] | line, row | Greek | στείχειν (steíchein), στίχος (stíchos) | acrostic, cadastre, distich, distichous, haplostichous, hemistich, heptastich, monostich, monostichous, orthostichy, pentastich, polystichia, polystichous, stich, stichic, stichomancy, stichometry, stichomythia, telestich |
| stich- [436] | tunic | Greek | στίχη (stíchē), στιχάριον (stichárion) | sticharion |
| stig- [437] | mark, puncture | Greek | στίζειν (stízein), στίξις (stíxis), στίγμα, στίγματος (stígma, stígmatos) | anastigmat, anastigmatic, astigmatic, astigmatism, stigma, stigmatic |
| still- | drip | Latin | stilla, stillare | distillation, instill |
| stimul- | goad, rouse, excite | Latin | stimulus | stimulate |
| stin- | stand | Latin | stinare | destination, obstinate |
| stingu-, stinct- | apart | Latin | stinguere | distinction, distinguish |
| stoch- [438] | aim | Greek | στόχος (stóchos), στοχαστικός (stochastikós), στόχασμα | stochastic |
| stom- | mouth | Greek | στόμα, στόματος (stóma, stómatos) | anastomosis, anastomotic, deuterostome, monostomous, ozostomia, pentastomid, protostome, stoma, stomach, stomatalgia, stomatic, stomatoplasty, -stome |
| stor- [439] (ΣΤΟΡ[440]) | spread, strew | Greek | στορέννυμι (storénnumi), στόρνυμι, στρῶμα (strôma) | biostrome, stroma |
| strat- | army | Greek | στρατός (stratós), στρατηγία (stratēgía) | stratagem, strategic, strategist, strategus, strategy, stratocracy, stratography, stratonic |
| streper- | noise | Latin | strepere | obstreperous |
| streph-, stroph-, strob-, stromb- [441] | turn | Greek | στρέφειν (stréphein), στρεπτός (streptós), στροφή (strophḗ) | anastrophe, antistrophe, apostrophe, boustrophedon, catastrophe, catastrophic, catastrophism, epistrophe, monostrophe, monostrophic, strophe, strophic |
| strept- | twisted | Greek | στρέφειν, στρεπτός (streptós), στρεψίς (strepsís) | Strepsiptera, strepsirrhine, streptococcus |
| strig- | compress | Latin | strix, strigis | strigogyps |
| strigos- | having stiff bristles | Latin | strigosus from striga | strigose |
| string-, strict- | tight, upright, stiff | Latin | stringere, strictus | astringent, constrain, constrict, constringe, restrict, strain, strict, stringent |
| stroph- | turn | Greek | ||
| stru-, struct- | to make up, build | Latin | struere, structus | construct, construction, construe, destroy, destruct, instruct, obstruct, structure |
| stud- | dedication | Latin | studere | étude, student |
| stup- | wonder | Latin | stupere | stupid, stupor |
| styg- [442] | Styx | Greek | Στύξ, Στυγός (Stúx), Στύγιος | Stygian, stygiophobia |
| styl- [443] | column, pillar | Greek | στῦλος (stûlos), στυλόω (stuloûn) | amphiprostyle, amphistyly, anastylosis, araeostyle, araeosystyle, blastostyle, diastyle, epistyle, eustyle, hexastyle, hyostyly, hypostyle, monostylous, octastyle, orthostyle, peristyle, prostyle, pycnostyle, stylite, Stylites, stylobate, styloid, stylus, systyle |
| su-, sut- | sew | Latin | suere, sutus | couture, suture |
| suad-, suas- | urge | Latin | suadere, suasus | persuasion |
| suav- | sweet | Latin | suavis | assuage, suave, suavity |
| sub-, su-, suf-, sug-, sup-, sus- | below | Latin | sub | submarine, submerge, suffix, suggest, support |
| subter- | under | Latin | subter | subterfuge |
| sucr- | sugar | Latin | succarum | sucrose |
| sud- | sweat | Latin | sudare | exudate, exude, sudarium, sudoriferous, transudate |
| sui- | self | Latin | sui | sui generis, suicide |
| sulc- | furrow | Latin | sulcus | sulcus |
| sum- | sum | Latin | summare "to sum up", from summa "sum" | consummate, consummation, sum, summa cum laude, summary, summation |
| sum-, sumpt- | take | Latin | sumere, sumptus | assume, assumption, consume, consumption, presumption, subsume |
| super- | above, over | Latin | super | insuperable, soprano, sovereign, summit, superable, superb, supercilious, supercomputer, superficial, superfluous, superimpose, superior, superlative, supermarket, supernal, supernatural, supernova, superposition, superpower, superscript, supersede, supersonic, superstition, supervene, supervise, supreme, supremum, surname, surplus, surround, survive |
| supin- | lying back | Latin | supinus | supination, supine |
| supra- | above, over | Latin | supra | supranationalism |
| surd- | deaf | Latin | surdus | absurdity |
| surg- | rise | Latin | surgere | insurgent, insurrection, resurgent, resurrection |
| sybar- [444] | Sybaris | Greek | Σύβαρις, συβάρεως, Συβαρίτης Sybarī́tēs, Συβαριτικός | Sybarite, sybaritic, sybaritism |
| syc- | fig | Greek | συκῆ, σῦκον (sûkon) | sycomancy, sycophant |
| syn-, sy-, syg-, syl-, sym-, sys- [445] | with | Greek | σύν (sún) | syllogism, symbol, symmetry, sympathy, synonym, synchronous, synonym, system |
| syring- | pipe | Greek | σύριγξ, σύριγγος (sýrinx, sýringos) | syringe, Syringodea, Syringoderma, Syringogaster, syringoma, syringomyelia, syrinx |
T
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tac-, -tic- | be silent | Latin | tacere, tacitus | reticent, reticence, tacit, taciturn |
| tach- | swift | Greek | ταχύς (tachús), τάχος (táchos) | tachometer, tachycardia, tachyrhythmia, tachytelic |
| taeni- | ribbon | Greek | τείνειν (teínein), ταινία (tainía), ταινίδιον (tainídion) | diplotene, leptotene, pachytene, taenia, taenidia, taenidium, taeniodont, Taeniolabis, zygotene |
| tag- (ΤΑΓ[446]) | arrange, order | Greek | τάσσειν (tássein), τακτός (taktós), τακτικός (taktikós), τάξις (táxis), τάγμα (tágma) | ataxia, chemotaxis, epitaxis, eutaxy, hypotaxis, magnetotaxis, metasyntactic, parataxis, phonotactic, phonotactics, phototaxis, rheotaxis, syntactic, syntagma, syntagmatic, syntax, tactic, tagma, taxis, taxonomy, thermotaxis |
| tal- | ankle | Latin | talus | talus bone |
| tang-, -ting-, tact-, tag- | touch | Latin | tangere (past participle tactus) | attain, contact, contagious, contingent, contingency, contiguous, intact, tactile, tangent, tangible |
| tapet- | carpet | Latin | tapete, tapetis | tapestry, tapetum, tapis |
| tarac- (ΤΑΡΑΧ[447]) | stir | Greek | ταράσσειν (tarássein), ταρακτός, ταρακτικός, τάραγμα, θράσσω | ataractic, ataraxia |
| tard- | slow | Latin | tardus | retard, tardigrade, tardy |
| tars- | ankle | Greek | ταρσός (tarsós, "a flat basket") | metatarsus, tarsal, tarsoclasis, tarsometatarsus, tarsus |
| taur- | bull | Greek | ταῦρος (taûros) | Minotaur, taurobolium, taurocholic, tauromachy |
| taur- | bull | Latin | taurus | Taurus |
| tec- (ΤΑΚ[448]) | melt | Greek | τήκειν | eutectic, eutectoid |
| tec-, toc- (ΤΕΚ[449]) | childbirth | Greek | τίκτειν, τόκος (tókos) | ditokous, dystocia, embiotocid, monotocous, teknonymous, teknonymy, tokophobia |
| techn- (ΤΕΚ[450]) | art, skill | Greek | τίκτειν (tíktein), τέχνη (téchnē), τέκτων, τέκτονος (téktōn), τεκτονικός (tektonikós) | architect, polytechnic, techne, technique, technocracy, technocrat, technogaianism, technology, technophilia, technophobia, tectonic |
| tecn- (ΤΕΚ[451]) | child | Greek | τίκτω, τέκνον, τέκνου (téknon) | teknonymous, teknonymy |
| teg-, tect- | cover | Latin | tegere, tectus | integument, protection |
| tele- | far, end | Greek | τῆλε (tēle) | telegram, telegraph, telemetry, telepathy, telephone, telescope, television |
| tele- | complete | Greek | τέλος, τέλεος (télos, téleos), τέλεσις (télesis) | atelectasis, ateleiosis, atelophobia, teleology, telesis, toll |
| temn-, tom- (ΤΕΜ[452][453]) | cut | Greek | τέμνειν (témnein), τομός (tomós), τόμος (tómos), τομή (tomḗ), τμῆσις (tmēsis) | acrotomophilia, anatomy, apotemnophilia, atom, atomic, autotomy, diatom, dichotomous, dichotomy, ectomy, entomology, entomomancy, entomophagous, entomophilous, epitome, monatomic, pentatomic, polyatomic, polytomy, Temnospondyli, tmesis, tome, tomogram, tomography, trichotomous, trichotomy |
| tempor- | time | Latin | tempus, temporis | contemporaneous, contemporary, extemporaneous, tempo, temporal, temporary |
| ten-, -tin-, tent- | hold, keep | Latin | tenere, tentus | abstain, abstention, abstinence, abstinent, appertain, appertinent, appurtenance, appurtenant, contain, containment, content, contentive, contentment, continence, continent, continental, continual, continuance, continuant, continuation, continuative, continue, continuity, continuous, continuum, contratenor, countenance, detain, detainder, detainee, detainer, detainment, detention, detinue, discontent, discontentment, discontinuance, discontinuation, discontinue, discontinuity, discontinuous, entertain, entertainment, equicontinuity, equicontinuous, impertinence, impertinent, incontinence, incontinent, intenible, intercontinental, irretentive, lieutenant, maintain, maintenance, malcontent, obtain, obtainment, obtention, pertain, pertinacious, pertinacity, pertinence, pertinent, purtenance, reobtain, retain, retainer, retainment, retention, retentive, retinue, se-tenant, sustenance, sustentacular, sustentaculum, sustentation, sustention, tenable, tenace, tenacious, tenacity, tenancy, tenant, tenet, tenor, tenure, tenurial, tenuto, transcontinental |
| tend-, tens- | stretch, strain | Latin | tendere (past participle tensus) | ambitendency, attempt, attend, attendee, attent, attention, attentive, coextend, coextension, coextensive, contend, contention, contentious, detent, détente, distend, distension, distent, distention, entendre, entente, extend, extensible, extension, extensional, extensionality, extensive, extensivity, extensor, extent, inattention, inattentive, inextensible, intend, intense, intensification, intension, intensional, intensity, intensive, intent, obtend, obtension, ostensible, ostension, ostensive, ostensory, ostent, ostentation, ostentatious, portend, portension, portent, portentous, pretend, pretense, pretension, subtend, subtense, superintend, superintendency, superintendent, tempt, temptation, tend, tendency, tendential, tendentious, tender, tense, tensible, tensile, tensility, tension, tensure, tent, tentacle, tentacular, tentage, tentation, tentative, tentiginous, tentorium |
| tenu- | slender, thin | Latin | tenuare "make thin", from tenuis "thin" | attenuate, extenuate, tenuous |
| tep- | be warm | Latin | tepere | subtepid, tepefaction, tepid, tepidarium, tepidity, tepor |
| ter-, trit- | rub, wear | Latin | terere, tritus | attrition, contrite, contrition, detriment, detrimental, detrital, detrition, detritivore, detritivorous, detritus, retriment, tribulation, trite, triturate, trituration, triture |
| tere- | guard | Greek | τηρεῖν (tēreîn), τήρησις (tḗrēsis) | synteresis |
| teret- | rounded | Latin | teres, teretis | subterete, teretial |
| terg-, ters- | wipe | Latin | tergere, tersus | absterge, abstergent, abstersion, abstersive, deterge, detergency, detergent, terse |
| termin- | boundary, limit, end | Latin | terminus | determine, interminable, terminal, termination |
| tern- | three each | Latin | terni | ternary, ternion |
| terr- | earth | Latin | terra | inter, subterranean, terrace, terracotta, terrain, terrarium, terrestrial, territory |
| terti- | third | Latin | tertius | tertian, tertiary |
| test- | witness | Latin | testis | attest, contest, detest, protest, testament, testify, testimony |
| tetart- [454] | fourth | Greek | τέταρτος (tétartos) | tetartanopsia, tetartohedric |
| tetr- | four | Greek | τέτϝαρες, τέσσαρες, τεσσάρων (téssares) | diatessaron, tetragon, tetrahedron, tetralogy, tetrameter, tetraphobia, tetrapod, tetrode |
| teuch- | make | Greek | τεύχειν (teúchein), τυγχάνω, τευκτός, τευκτικός, τεῦξις (teûxis), τεῦγμα (teûgma), τεῦχος, τεύχεος (teûchos), τύχη (túchē), τυκτός (tuktós) | Heptateuch, octateuch, Pentateuch |
| tex-, text- | weave | Latin | texere, textus | context, subtle, pretext, text, textile, texture |
| thalam- | chamber, bed | Greek | θάλαμος (thálamos) | epithalamion, hypothalamus, prothalamion, thalamotomy, thalamus |
| thalass- | sea | Greek | θάλασσα (thálassa) | Panthalassa, thalassemia, thalassic, thalassophobia |
| than- (ΘΑΝ[455][456]) | death | Greek | θνήσκειν, θάνατος (thánatos) | euthanasia, thanatocoenosis, thanatoid, thanatology, thanatophobia, thanatophoric, thanatopsis |
| the-, thus- | god | Greek | θεός (theós) | atheism, atheistic, ditheism, enthusiasm, monotheism, Pantheon, polytheism, Thea, theobromine, theocracy, theodicy, Theodore, theogony, theology, theophobia, Timothy, tritheism |
| the- (ΘΕ[457]) | put | Greek | τιθέναι (tithénai), θετός (thetós), θετικός (thetikós), θέσις (thésis), θέμα (théma), θήκη (thḗkē) | anathema, anathematic, antithesis, antithetic, apothecium, athematic, Bibliotheca, bodega, boutique, deem, doom, enthesis, enthetic, epenthesis, epenthetic, epitheca, epithet, hypothec, hypothesis, monothematic, nomothetic, oligosynthetic, parenthesis, parenthetic, polysynthetic, prosthesis, prosthetic, prothesis, prothetic, pseudothecium, synthesis, synthetic, theca, thecium, thematic, theme, Themis, thesaurus, thesis, treasure |
| thea- | view | Greek | θεᾶσθαι (theâsthai), θέατρον (théatron) | amphitheatre, metatheatre, theatre, theatric |
| thel- | nipple | Greek | θηλή (thēlḗ) | athelia, endothelium, epithelium, mesothelioma, mesothelium, thelium, thelial |
| theori- | speculation | Greek | θεωρητικός (theōrētikós), θεώρημα (theṓrēma), θεωρία (theōría) | theorem, theoretic, theorist, theorize, theory |
| ther- | beast, animal | Greek | θήρ, θηρός (thḗr, thērós) | therianthropy, theroid, theropod, theropsid |
| therap- | serve | Greek | θεράπων (therápōn), θεραπεύειν (therapeúein), θεραπευτός, θεραπευτικός (therapeutikós), θεραπεία (therapeía) | therapeutic, therapist, therapy |
| therm- | heat, warm | Greek | θέρεσθαι (théresthai), θέρμη (thérmē), θερμός (thermós) | thermal, athermancy, diathermancy, ectotherm, endotherm, endothermic, exothermic, geothermic, homeothermy, hyperthermia, hypothermia, isotherm, poikilotherm, thermobaric, thermochromism, thermodynamic, thermolysis, thermometer, thermophilic, thermophobia, thermoplastic, thermoplegia, thermos, thermosphere, thermostat, thermostatic |
| thig- (ΘΙΓ[458]) | touch | Greek | θιγγάνειν (thingánein), θίξις (thíxis), θίγημα (thígēma) | antithixotropic, thigmonasty, thigmotaxis, thixotropic, thixotropy |
| thorac- | chest | Greek | θώραξ, θώρακος (thṓrax, thṓrakos) | hemothorax, pneumothorax, thoracic, thorax |
| thym- | mood | Greek | θυμός (thumos) | dysthymia |
| thyr- | door | Greek | θύρα (thura) | thyratron |
| thyre- | large shield | Greek | θυρεός (thureos) | Thyreophora, thyroid, thyrotropin, thyroxine |
| tim- | be afraid | Latin | timere | timid, timorous |
| ting-, tinct- (TING[459]) | dye, moisten | Latin | tingere, tinctus | aquatint, distain, mezzotint, tinct, tinctorial, tincture, tinge, tingent, tint |
| tom- | cut | Greek | τομή (tome), τόμος (tomos) | anatomy, appendectomy, atom, dichotomy, ectomy, embolectomy, tome, tonsillectomy, vasectomy |
| ton- (ΤΑΝ[460]) | stretch | Greek | τείνειν (teínein), τόνος (tónos), τονικός (tonikós) | isotonic, monotone, tone |
| top- [461] | place | Greek | τόπος (tópos) | atopic, atopy, dystopia, ectopia, ectopic, entopic, epitope, eutopia, isotope, nomotopic, polytope, topiary, topic, topography, topology, toponomastics, toponym, toponymy, topos, utopia, zonotope |
| torn- [462] | turn, rotate | Latin from Greek | tornare < τόρνος (tórnos) | tornado, tournament, turn |
| torpe- | be numb | Latin | torpere | torpent, torpid, torpor |
| torqu-, tort- | twist | Latin | torquere, tortus | contort, distort, extort, extortion, retort, torque, torsion, tortuous, torture |
| tot- | all, whole | Latin | totus | subtotal, total, totality |
| tox- [463] | arrow, bow, poison | Greek | τόξον (tóxon) | anatoxin, antitoxin, autotoxin, exotoxin, intoxicate, neurotoxin, psychotoxic, toxic, toxin, toxoid, toxology, toxoplasmosis |
| trab- | beam | Latin | trabs, trabis | trabeculae |
| trach- [464] | rough | Greek | τραχύς (trachús) | trachea, tracheids, tracheitis, tracheophyte, tracheostomy, tracheotomy, trachoma |
| trag- [465] | he-goat | Greek | τράγος (trágos) | tragedy, tragic, tragus |
| trah-, tract- | draw, pull | Latin | tractare, frequentative of trahere, tractus | attract, contract, detract, retract, subtract, subtrahend, tractable, traction, tractor |
| trans-, tra-, tran- | across | Latin | trans | intransigent, tradition, transact, transcend, transient, transitory, transparent, transport |
| trapez- [466] | four-legged, table | Greek | τράπεζα (trápeza), τραπέζιον, (trapézion) | trapeze, trapezium, trapezius, trapezohedron, trapezoid |
| traum- [467] | wound | Greek | τραῦμα, τραῦματος (traûma) | trauma, traumatic, traumatize, traumatophobia |
| trecent- | three hundred | Latin | trecenti | trecentennial, trecentillion |
| tredec- | thirteen | Latin | tredecim | tredecimal |
| treiskaidek- | thirteen | Greek | τρεισκαίδεκα (treiskaideka) | triskaidekaphobia |
| trem- | tremble | Latin | tremere | tremor |
| trema- | hole | Greek | τρῆμα (trēma) | monotreme, trematode |
| trepid- | tremble | Latin | trepidare "to tremble, hurry", from trepidus "alarmed, scared" | intrepid, trepid, trepidation |
| tri- | three | Greek | τρεῖς, τρία (treis, tria) | triad, trigon, triode, tripod |
| tri- | three | Latin | trēs | triangle, triumvirate, trivia |
| trib- | rub | Greek | τρίβειν (tribein) | diatribe, tribology |
| tribu- | pay | Latin | tribuere "to pay", from tribus | attribute, contribute, retribution, tribe, tribulation, tribunal, tribune, tributary, tribute |
| tricen- | thirty each | Latin | triceni | tricenary |
| tricesim-, trigesim- | thirtieth | Latin | tricesimus | trigesimal |
| trich- | hair | Greek | θρίξ, τριχός (thrix, trichos) | peritrichous, trichopathophobia, Trichoptera |
| trin- | three each | Latin | trini | trinary, trine, trinity |
| trit- | third | Greek | τρίτος (tritos) | tritagonist |
| tritic- | wheat | Latin | triticum | triticale |
| troch- | wheel | Greek | τροχός (trochos) | trochlea |
| trop- | turning | Greek | τρόπος (tropos) | contrive, heliotropism, isotrope, psychotropic, retrieve, trope, tropic, tropism, troposphere, troubadour, trove |
| troph- | feed, grow | Greek | τροφή, τροφός (trophos) | dystrophy, pogonotrophy, trophic |
| truc- | fierce | Latin | trux, trucis | truculent |
| trud-, trus- | thrust | Latin | trudere, trusus | abstrude, abstruse, abstrusion, abstrusity, detrude, detrusion, detrusor, extrude, extrusible, extrusion, extrusive, inobtrusive, intrude, intrusion, intrusive, nonintrusive, obtrude, obtrusion, obtrusive, protrude, protrudent, protrusile, protrusion, protrusive, retrude, retruse, retrusion, retrusive |
| trunc- | cut off | Latin | truncare "to maim, mutilate", from truncus "mutilated, cut off" | trench, trenchant, truncate, truncheon, trunk |
| tryp- | bore | Greek | τρυπᾶν (trupân), τρύπανον (trúpanon) | trepan, trypanophobia, trypanosome |
| tum- | to swell up | Latin | tumere | contumely, contumacious, detumescence, detumescent, intumescence, tumefacient, tumefaction, tumesce, tumescence, tumescent, tumid, tumidity, tumor, tumorous, tumular, tumulose, tumulous, tumult, tumultuary, tumultuous, tumulus, tumble |
| turb- | disturb | Latin | turba | disturb, perturb, turbid, turbine, turbulent, |
| tuss- | cough | Latin | tussis, tussire | pertussis |
| tympan- | drum | Greek | τύμπανον (túmpanon) | tympani, tympanum |
| typ- (ΤΥΠ[468]) | stamp, model | Greek | τύπτειν (túptein), τύπος (túpos), τυπικός (tupikós), τύμπανον (túmpanon) | archetype, ectype, holotype, logotype, monotypic, phenotype, prototype, type, typical, typify, typography, typology |
| typh- | smoke | Greek | τύφειν (túphein), τῦφος (tûphos), τυφώδης | typhoid, typhous, typhus |
| tyrann- | terrible, tyrant | Greek | τύραννος (túrannos) | tyrannize, tyrannosaurus rex, tyranny, tyrant |
U
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uber- | fruitful, udder | Latin | ūber, uberare | exuberance, exuberant, exuberate, uberous, uberty |
| uligin- | in marshes | Latin | uligo, uliginis | uliginous |
| ul- [469] | gums | Greek | οὖλον (oûlon) | ulorrhea |
| ul- [470] | woolly | Greek | οὖλος (oûlos) | Ulotrichi |
| ultim- | farthest | Latin | ultimus | ultimate, ultimatum |
| ultra- | beyond | Latin | ultra | ultrasonic |
| umbilic- | navel | Latin | umbilicus | umbilical, umbilicate, umbilication |
| umbr- | shade, shadow | Latin | umbra | adumbral, adumbrant, adumbrate, adumbration, adumbrative, antumbra, inumbrate, obumbrant, obumbrate, obumbration, penumbra, penumbral, somber, sombrero, subumbellate, umbel, umbellate, umbelliferous, umbelliform, umbellulate, umbellule, umber, umbra, umbraculum, umbrage, umbrageous, umbral, umbrella, umbriferous, umbrose |
| un- | one | Latin | ūnus, unius | adunation, biunique, coadunate, coadunation, disunite, disunity, malunion, nonuniform, nonuniformity, nonunion, nonunique, nonunity, onion, reunification, reunion, reunite, triune, unanimous, unary, unate, unicorn, unific, unification, uniform, uniformity, unify, union, unique, unite, unity, universal, universe, university |
| unc- | hook | Latin | uncus | adunc, aduncity, aduncous, unciform, Uncinaria, uncinate, Uncinia |
| unci- | ounce, twelfth | Latin | uncia | inch, ounce, quincuncial, semiuncial, uncial |
| und- | wave | Latin | unda | abound, abundance, abundant, inundant, inundate, inundation, redound, redundancy, redundant, superabound, superabundance, superabundant, surround, undine, undulant, undulate, undulation, undulatory, undulatus, undulose |
| undecim- | eleventh | Latin | undecimus | undecimal |
| unden- | eleven each | Latin | ūndēni | undenary |
| ungu- | claw, hoof, nail | Latin | unguis, ungula | ungual, unguiferous, unguiform, ungular, ungulate, unguligrade |
| ur- [471] | tail | Greek | οὐρά, οὐρᾶς (ourá) | anthurium, Anura, brachyurous, colure, cynosure, Diplura, Protura, uroborus, urochord, uroid, uropod |
| ur- [472] | urine | Greek | οὐρεῖν (oureîn), οὖρον, οὔρου (oûron), οὔρησις (oúrēsis), οὐρητήρ (ourētḗr), οὐρήθρα (ourḗthra) | antidiuretic, cystinuria, diuresis, diuretic, dysuria, enuresis, homocystinuria, lithuresis, polyurea, polyuria, strangury, uraemia/uremia, urea, uremic, uresiesthesia, uresis, ureter, ureteroscopy, urethra, urology |
| uran- [473] | heaven, sky | Greek | οὐρανός, οὐρανοῦ (ouranós), οὐρανόθεν (ouranóthen) | uraninite, uranium, uranography, uranology, uranometry, uranophobia, Uranus |
| urb- | city | Latin | urbs, urbis | conurbation, exurb, exurban, interurban, inurbane, inurbanity, nonurban, suburb, suburban, suburbanite, urban, urbane, urbanity |
| urg- | work | Greek | ||
| urg- | work | Latin | urgere | urgency, urgent |
| urs- | bear | Latin | ursus | Ursa Major, ursine, Ursus |
| ut-, us- | use | Latin | uti, usus | abuse, disuse, use, usual, utilitarian, utility |
| uv- | grape | Latin | uva | uvea |
| uxor- | wife | Latin | uxor | uxoricide |
V
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| vac- | empty | Latin | vacare | evacuate, vacancy, vacant, vacate, vacation, vacuous, vacuum |
| vacc- | cow | Latin | vacca | vaccary, vaccination, vaccine |
| vacil- | waver | Latin | vacillare "sway, be untrustworthy" | vacillate, vacillation |
| vad-, vas- | go | Latin | vadere | evade, pervasive |
| vag- | wander | Latin | vagus, vagare | vagabond, vague |
| val- | strength, worth | Latin | valere | ambivalence, avail, equivalent, evaluate, prevail, valence, valiant, valid, valor, value |
| van- | empty, vain, idle | Latin | vanus "empty", also vanescere "vanish" | evanescent, vain, vanish, vanity |
| vap- | lack (of) | Latin | vapor | evaporate, evaporation, evaporative, evaporator, evaporite, nonevaporative, vapid, vapidity, vapor, vaporescence, vaporescent, vaporific, vaporous |
| vari- | vary | Latin | variare | bivariate, covariate, covariation, intervarietal, invariable, invariance, invariant, variable, variance, variant, variate, variation, variegate, varietal, variety, variola, variolation, variorum, various, vary |
| varic- | straddle | Latin | varicare "to straddle", from varus "bowlegged" | prevaricate |
| veh-, vect- | carry | Latin | vehere "to carry", vectus | invective, inveigh, vector, vehement, vehicle |
| vel- | veil | Latin | velum | revelation, velate |
| vell-, vuls- | pull | Latin | vellere, vulsus | convulsion |
| veloc- | quick | Latin | velox, velocis | velocity |
| ven- | vein | Latin | vena | intravenous, venosity, venule |
| ven- | hunt | Latin | venari | venison |
| ven-, vent- | come | Latin | venire | advent, adventure, avenue, circumvent, contravene, convene, convenient, convention, event, intervene, intervention, invent, prevent, revenue, souvenir, supervene, venue, venture |
| vend- | sell | Latin | vendere | vend, vendor |
| vener- | respectful | Latin | venus, veneris | venerable, veneration, venereal |
| vent- | wind | Latin | ventus | ventilation, ventilator |
| ventr- | belly | Latin | venter, ventris | ventral |
| ver- | true | Latin | verus | aver, veracious, verdict, verify, verisimilar, verisimilitude, verity, very |
| verb- | word | Latin | verbum | verbal, verbatim, verbosity |
| verber- | whip | Latin | verber | reverberation |
| verm- | worm | Latin | vermis | vermiform, vermin |
| vern- | spring | Latin | ver, vernus | vernal |
| vers-, vert- | turn | Latin | versus, past participle of vertere | adverse, adversity, advertise, anniversary, avert, controversy, controvert, conversant, conversation, converse, convert, diversify, divert, extrovert, introvert, inverse, invert, perverse, pervert, reverse, revert, subvert, tergiversate, transverse, universe, versatile, verse, version, versus, vertex, vertical, vertigo |
| vesic- | bladder | Latin | vesica | vesical |
| vesper- | evening, western | Latin | vespera | vesperal |
| vest- | clothing, garment | Latin | vestire "to clothe", related to vestis "garment" | divest, invest, investiture, transvestite, travesty, vest, vestment |
| vestig- | track | Latin | vestigium | investigate, vestigial |
| vet- | forbid | Latin | vetare | veto |
| veter- | old | Latin | vetus, veteris | inveterate, veteran |
| vi- | way | Latin | via | deviate, obviate, obvious, via |
| vic- | change | Latin | vicis | vicar, vicarious, vice versa, vicissitude |
| vicen-, vigen- | twenty each | Latin | viceni | vicenary |
| vicesim-, vigesim- | twentieth | Latin | vicesimus | vicesimary, vicesimation, vigesimal |
| vid-, vis- | see | Latin | videre, visus | advice, advisable, advise, advisement, advisor, advisory, clairvoyance, clairvoyant, counterview, enviable, envious, envisage, envisagement, envision, envy, evidence, evident, evidential, evidentiality, evidentiary, improvidence, improvident, improvisation, improvisational, improvise, imprudence, imprudent, inadvisable, inevident, interview, interviewee, invidious, invisibility, invisible, nonevidentiary, nonsupervisory, nonvisual, preview, previse, provide, providence, provident, provision, provisional, provisionality, proviso, provisory, prudence, prudent, prudential, purvey, purveyance, purveyor, purview, review, reviewal, revisal, revise, revision, revisionary, revisit, supervise, supervision, supervisor, supervisory, survey, surveyor, surview, survise, videlicet, video, view, vis-à-vis, visa, visage, visibility, visible, vision, visionary, visit, visitation, visor, vista, visual, visuality, voilà, voyeur |
| vigil- | watchful | Latin | vigil, also vigilare | invigilate, reveille, surveillance, vigil, vigilance, vigilant, vigilante |
| vil- | cheap | Latin | vilis | revile, vile, vilify |
| vill- | country house | Latin | villa | villa, village, villain |
| vill- | shaggy hair | Latin | villus | velour, velvet, villiform |
| vin- | wine | Latin | vinum | vine, vinous |
| vinc-, vict- | conquer | Latin | vincere (past participle victus) | convict, conviction, convince, evict, evince, invincible, province, vanquish, vanquishment, victor, victorious, victory |
| vir- | man | Latin | vir | triumvirate, virility |
| vir- | green | Latin | virere | verdure, virid, viridescent, viridian, viridity |
| visc- | thick | Latin | viscum | viscosity |
| viscer- | internal organ | Latin | viscus, visceris | eviscerate, visceral |
| vit- | life | Latin | vita | vital, vitality, vitamin |
| vitell- | yolk | Latin | vitellus | vitellogenesis |
| viti- | fault | Latin | vitium | vice, vitiate, vituperate |
| vitr- | glass | Latin | vitrum | vitreous, vitriol |
| viv- | live | Latin | vivere "to live", related to vita "life" | convivial, revive, survive, viable, victual, vivacious, vivacity, vivid, vivisection |
| voc- | call, voice | Latin | vocare (to call), from vox "voice" (genitive vocis) | advocacy, advocate, advocation, advocator, advocatory, advoke, advowson, avocation, avouch, avow, avowal, avowry, convocate, convocation, convocator, convoke, disavow, disavowal, equivocal, equivocate, equivocation, evocable, evocation, evocative, evocator, evoke, invocable, invocate, invocation, invocative, invocator, invoke, prevocational, provocate, provocateur, provocation, provocative, provocator, provoke, reavow, reinvoke, revocable, revocation, revoke, vocabulary, vocal, vocation, vocational, vociferous, vouch, vouchee, voucher, vouchsafe |
| vol- | fly | Latin | volare | avolation, circumvolant, circumvolation, nonvolatile, volatile, volatility, volitant, volitation |
| vol- | will | Latin | voluntas "will" from velle "to wish" | benevolence, benevolent, involuntary, malevolence, malevolent, omnibenevolence, velleity, volitient, volition, volitional, volitive, voluntary, Voluntaryism, volunteer, voluptuary, voluptuous |
| volv-, volut- | roll | Latin | volvere, volutus | advolution, archivolt, circumvolute, circumvolution, circumvolve, coevolution, coevolutionary, coevolve, convolute, convolution, devolve, evolve, involve, revolve, valve, vault, volte, voluble, volume, voluminous, volva, Volvox, volvulus, voussoir, vulva |
| vom- | discharge | Latin | vomere | vomit, vomition, vomitory, vomitus |
| vor-, vorac- | swallow | Latin | vorare, vorax | carnivore, carnivorous, devoration, devoré, devour, herbivore, herbivorous, locavore, omnivore, omnivorous, voracious, voracity, voraginous |
| vov-, vot- | vow | Latin | vovere, votus | devote, devotee, devotion, devotional, devout, devove, devow, votary, vote, votive, vow |
| vulg- | crowd | Latin | vulgus | divulge, vulgarity, vulgate |
| vulner- | wound | Latin | vulnus, vulneris | vulnerable |
| vulp- | fox | Latin | vulpēs, vulpis | vulpine |
X
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| xanth- [474] | yellow | Greek | ξανθός (xanthós), ξανθότης (xanthótēs) "yellowness" | axanthism, heteroxanthine, xanthan, xanthelasma, xanthic, xanthine, Xanthippe, xanthium, xanthochromia, xanthochromism, xanthogenic, Xanthoidea, xanthoma, xanthomatosis, xanthophobia, xanthophore, xanthophyll, xanthopsia, xanthopterin, xanthosis, xanthous |
| xe- [475] | scrape, shave | Greek | ξεῖν/ξέειν (xeîn/xéein), ξέσις (xésis), ξέσμα (xésma) | arthroxesis |
| xei-, xi- [476] | ks | Greek | Ξ, ξ, ξεῖ/ξῖ | xi |
| xen- [477] | foreign | Greek | ξένϝος, ξένος (xénos), ξενικός, ξενία (xenía) | axenic, Xenarthra, xenia, xenic, xenobiotic, xenoblast, xenogamy, xenograft, xenology, xenon, xenophobia |
| xer- [478] | dry | Greek | ξηρός (xērós), ξηρότης (xērótēs) | elixir, xerasia, xerochilia, xeroderma, xerography, xeromorph, xerophagy, xerophile, xerophthalmia, xerophyte, xerosis |
| xiph- [479] | sword | Greek | ξίφος (xiphos) | xiphisternum, xiphoid, xiphopagus, xiphophyllous |
| xyl- [480] | wood | Greek | ξύλον (xúlon) | metaxylem, protoxylem, xylem, xylene, xylitol, xylocarp, Xylocarpus, xyloid, xylophagous, xylophobia, xylophone, xylostroma |
Z
| Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ze- [481] | boil | Greek | ζεῖν (zeîn), ζεστός (zestós), ζέσις, ζέμα, ζέματος (zéma) | eczema, eczematous |
| zel- [482] | jealousy, zeal | Greek | ζῆλος (zēlos), ζηλωτής, ζηλωτοῦ (zēlōtḗs) | zeal, zealot, zealous |
| zephyr- [483] | west wind | Greek | Ζέφυρος (Zéphuros) | zephyr |
| zet- [484] | Z, z | Greek | Ζ, ζ, ζῆτα (zêta) | zed, zeta |
| zete- [485] | seek | Greek | ζητεῖν (zēteîn), ζητητός (zētētós), ζητητικός (zētētikós) | zetetic |
| zizyph- [486] | jujube | Greek | ζίζυφον (zízuphon) | Ziziphus |
| zo- [487] | animal, living being | Greek | ζῶ, ζῷον (zōion) | anthrozoology, azoic, azotemia, cryptozoology, ectozoon, entozoon, epizoon, Eumetazoa, Mesozoic, Metazoa, protozoa, zoanthropy, zodiac, zoic, zoo, zoochore, zoogamete, zoogeography, zooid/zoöid, zoologic, zoology, zoomorphism, zoon, zoonosis, zoophagy, zoopoetics, zoospore, zootoxin, zooxanthella |
| zon- [488] | belt, girdle | Greek | ζωννύναι (zōnnúnai), ζώνη (zṓnē), ζωστήρ (zōstḗr), ζῶστρον | phylozone, zonal, zone, zonohedron, zonotope, zoster |
| zyg- [489] (ΖΥΓ[490]) | yoke | Greek | ζευγνύναι (zeugnúnai), ζεῦγμα (zeûgma), ζυγωτός (zugōtós), ζυγός, ζυγόν (zugón) | azygous, diazeugma, dizygotic, heterozygote, heterozygous, hyperzeuxis, hypozeugma, hypozeuxis, mesozeugma, monozygotic, prozeugma, synezeugmenon, zeugitae, zeugma, zygoma, zygomorphic, zygomorphism, zygomycosis, zygomycota, zygon, Zygoptera, zygote |
| zym- [491] | ferment | Greek | ζέω, ζύμη (zúmē) | alloenzyme, azyme, azymite, enzyme, lysozyme, microzyme, zymase, zyme, zymogen, zymology, zymolysis, zymosis, zymotic, zymurgy |
- ↑ Contracted from *πρόατος
See also
References
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, ăb, ā". Retrieved 2015-03-31.
- ↑ ἄβαξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀκή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀκή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀκαρί. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀκτίς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, ad". Retrieved 2015-03-31.
- ↑ ἀδήν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀείρω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀήρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄγω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀγάπη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀγρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ αἴλουρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀλκυών. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀλέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄλγος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄλλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀλλήλων. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄλφα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀμβλύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄμμος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀμνός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀμφί. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀμυγδάλη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀνά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀνήρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, ἀνήρ". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ ἄνεμος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀντί. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, antĕ". Retrieved 2015-03-31.
- ↑ ἀνθέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀπό. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄρσην. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀσκός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄσπρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀθάρη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ αὐτός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ αὔξω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἀξία. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἄξων. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βαίνω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, βαίνω".
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, βάλλω". Retrieved 2014-12-10.
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, βάπτω". Retrieved 2014-11-20.
- ↑ βίβλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βῶλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βομβέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βραχύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βραδύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βρόμος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βρόγχος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βροντή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βροτός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βούτυρον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βυσσός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ βύσσος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ κακός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ καλέω
- ↑ καλύπτω
- ↑ κῶνος
- ↑ κόπρος
- ↑ κόραξ
- ↑ κόσμος
- ↑ κοτύλη
- ↑ κρανίον
- ↑ κρηπίς
- ↑ κρίκος
- ↑ κρίνω
- ↑ κροσσοί
- ↑ κρύπτω
- ↑ κτείς
- ↑ κύβος
- ↑ κυανός
- ↑ κύκλος
- ↑ κυλίνδω
- ↑ κύων
- ↑ κύστις
- ↑ κύτος
- ↑ δάκρυον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δάκτυλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δαμάζω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δέκα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δέλτα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δέμω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δῆμος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δένδρον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δέρω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δεσπότης. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δεύτερος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δεξιός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ διά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ διακόσιοι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δεινός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ διπλόος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δώδεκα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δράω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δράσσομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δρόσος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δρῦς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δύο. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ δύναμαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἔρως. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, (for)". Retrieved 2015-04-03.
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, faciō". Retrieved 2015-09-25.
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, fingō". Retrieved 2015-09-25.
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, findō". Retrieved 2015-09-25.
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, flō". Retrieved 2015-09-25.
- ↑ γάλα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, γάλα". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ γάμος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γάμμα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, garriō". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ γαστήρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γῆ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γείτων. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γίγνομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, γίγνομαι". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, gīgnō". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ γέφυρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γέρων. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, gerō". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ γέρανος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γεύω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, γεύω". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ γλαυκός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γλία. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γλῶσσα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γλουτός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γλυκύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γλύφω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γνάθος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γιγνώσκω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, γιγνώσκω". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ γόνυ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, gradus". Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ↑ γράφω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γρυπός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γυμνός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γυνή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ γῦρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἁδρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ αἷμα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἅλς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἁπλόος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἥλιος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἡμέρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἕνδεκα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἑπτά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ἕξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὕαλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὕβρις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὕδνον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὕδωρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὑγρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὑμήν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὑπό. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὑπέρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὑφαίνω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὕπνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὑστέρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὑστερέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λάμπω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λέκιθος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λεῖος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λέκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λέπω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λευκός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λίπος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λίσσομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λίθος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ λύω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μακρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μάγνης. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μαίνομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, μαίνομαι". Retrieved 2014-12-11.
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, maneō". Retrieved 2014-10-23.
- ↑ μῆχος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μέγας. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μεῖον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μέλας. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μέλισσα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μῆνιγξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μείρομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μέσος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μετά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μήτηρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μικρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μιμέομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μίνθα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μισέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, mittō". Retrieved 2014-10-23.
- ↑ μίτος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μνᾶ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μνάομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μόνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μωρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μορφή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μύω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μύκης. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μύδρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μύλη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μυρίος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μύρμηξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μῦθος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ μυζάω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ναρκάω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ναῦς
- ↑ νέος
- ↑ νεκρός
- ↑ νεφρός
- ↑ νῆσος
- ↑ νεῦρον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ νότος
- ↑ νῶτον
- ↑ νόθος
- ↑ νύξ
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, ŏb". Retrieved 2015-10-17.
- ↑ ὀβελός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀβολός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὠκεανός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄχλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀκτώ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀδούς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀδύνη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οἶκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οἶνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οἰσοφάγος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οἶστρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄγδοος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὠλέκρανον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀλίγος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὠμός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὦμος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄμβρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀμφαλός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄγκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄγκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0058%3Aentry%3Do)%2Fgkos2
- ↑ ὄνειρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὦνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄνομα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄνυξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ᾠόν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀπή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄφις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀφθαλμός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄπισθεν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀψέ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀψωνέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄρχις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀρχέομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀρέγω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄρνις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀρφανός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀρθός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄρυζα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀσμή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὠσμός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀστέον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄστρεον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οὖς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὀξύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ὄζω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ παχύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ παίω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ παῖς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ παλαιός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πάλιν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πᾶς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ παρά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ παρθένος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πάσσω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πάτος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πάσχω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πατήρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πηλός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πέλαγος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πελαργός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πέντε. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πεντακόσιοι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πεντήκοντα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πεντηκοστός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πέπερι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πέπων. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πέρδιξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ περί. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ περσικός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πέτρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φαιός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "phalaros" in LSJ
- ↑ φέβομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φέρω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φεύγω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φίλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φιμός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φλέψ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φλέγω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φλοιός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φωνή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φράσσω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φρήν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φρύνη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φθέγγομαι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φῦκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φύλλον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ φῦσα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πιέζω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πίνω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πεῖρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πίσος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πίθηκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλάξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλάγος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλάνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλάσσω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλατύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πίμπλημι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλέκω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλήσσω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλευρά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλίνθος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πλοῦτος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πνέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πνίγω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πίνω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πούς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πώγων. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ποιέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πόλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πωλέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πολεμέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πόλις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πολιός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πολλός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πολύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πομφός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πόρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πόρνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πορφύρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ποταμός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πράσσω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πράσον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρέσβυς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρίω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πριάπος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρίσμα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρό. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρωκτός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρόσωπον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πρῶτος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψάω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψάλλω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψεῦδος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψιλόω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψίθυρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψιττακός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψόφος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψωρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψύχω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ψύχω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πτερόν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πτερίς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πίπτω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πτωχός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πτύω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πτύσσω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πύον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πύελος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πυγή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πύλη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πύρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πυραμίς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ πυρρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥάπτω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥάβδος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥάχις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥήγνυμι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥητίνη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥῖγος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥίς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥίζα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥῶ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥόδον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ῥύγχος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σάκκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σάκχαρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σάλπιγξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σάπφειρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σήπω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σάρξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σαύρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκαληνός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκᾶπος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκῶρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκεδάννυμι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκέλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκηνή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σχίζω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, σχίζω". Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ↑ σκιά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκέλλω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκώληξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκολιός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκόμβρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκότος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σκύφος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σείω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σήρ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σίγμα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σίναπι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σιωπή. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σίφων. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σῖτος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σίζω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σοφός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σπάω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σπάδος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σφάλλω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, σφάλλω". Retrieved 2015-01-31.
- ↑ σφήν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σφαῖρα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στέλλω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στενός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στερεός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στέρνον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στῆθος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σθένος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στείχω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στίχη. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στίζω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στόχος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στορέννυμι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, στορέννυμι". Retrieved 2015-02-01.
- ↑ στρέφω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ Στύξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ στῦλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ Σύβαρις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σύν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, τάσσω". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ ταράσσω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, τήκω". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ τίκτω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, τίκτω". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ τίκτω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ τέμνω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, τέμνω". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ τέταρτος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ θνήσκω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, θνήσκω". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, τίθημι". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, θιγγάνω". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, tingō". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, τείνω". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ τόπος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ τόρνος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ τόξον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ τραχύς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ τράγος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ τράπεζα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ τραῦμα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, τύπτω". Retrieved 2015-09-21.
- ↑ οὖλον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οὖλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οὐρά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οὐρέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ οὐρανός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ξανθός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ξέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ξεῖ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ξένος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ξηρός. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ξίφος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ξύλον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζῆλος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ Ζέφυρος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζῆτα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζητέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζίζυφον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζῶ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζώννυμι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ ζεύγνυμι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon, ζεύγνυμι". Retrieved 2014-10-29.
- ↑ ζέω. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
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