Voiced velar affricate

Voiced velar affricate
ɡ͡ɣ
ɡ͜ɣ
ɡɣ
Sound
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A voiced velar affricate ([ɡ͡ɣ] in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a velar stop [ɡ] and released as a voiced velar fricative [ɣ]. It has not been reported to occur phonemically in any language.

Features

Features of the voiced velar affricate:

• Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.

• Its place of articulation is velar, which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue at the soft palate.

• Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.

• It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.

• It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.

• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
English	Broad Cockney[1]	good	[ˈɡ͡ɣʊˑd̥]	'good'	Occasional allophone of /ɡ/.[2][3] See English phonology
	Received Pronunciation[3]
	Scouse[4]				Possible syllable-initial and word-final allophone of /ɡ/.[4] See English phonology

References

1. Wells (1982), pp. 322-323.
2. Wells (1982), p. 323.
3. Gimson (2014), p. 172.
4. Wells (1982), p. 372.

Bibliography

• Gimson, Alfred Charles (2014), Cruttenden, Alan, ed., Gimson's Pronunciation of English (8th ed.), Routledge, ISBN 9781444183092
• Wells, John C. (1982). "Accents of English 2: The British Isles". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24224-X.