Endothelin 1

Endothelin 1
Rendering of 1EDN​
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1EDN​, 1EDP​, 1T7H​, 1V6R​
Identifiers
Symbols	EDN1 ; ARCND3; ET1; HDLCQ7; PPET1; QME
External IDs	OMIM: 131240 MGI: 95283 HomoloGene: 1476 GeneCards: EDN1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • cytokine activity • hormone activity • protein binding • endothelin A receptor binding • endothelin B receptor binding Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space • cytoplasm • cytosol • Weibel-Palade body • basal part of cell • rough endoplasmic reticulum lumen Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • prostaglandin biosynthetic process • patterning of blood vessels • in utero embryonic development • histamine secretion • regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by endothelin • regulation of pH • cell surface receptor signaling pathway • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration • protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • cell-cell signaling • heart development • respiratory gaseous exchange • body fluid secretion • positive regulation of cell proliferation • dorsal/ventral pattern formation • response to ozone • multicellular organismal aging • positive regulation of heart rate • positive regulation of endothelial cell migration • positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy • positive regulation of receptor biosynthetic process • neural crest cell development • phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling • response to activity • artery smooth muscle contraction • vein smooth muscle contraction • glucose transport • cell growth • regulation of vasoconstriction • sensory perception of pain • calcium-mediated signaling • peptide hormone secretion • nitric oxide transport • negative regulation of blood coagulation • positive regulation of cell migration • neutrophil chemotaxis • negative regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process • phospholipase D-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process • positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion • response to lipopolysaccharide • response to testosterone • negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process • response to prostaglandin F • response to nicotine • cellular response to drug • positive regulation of urine volume • positive regulation of renal sodium excretion • response to muscle stretch • epithelial fluid transport • vasoconstriction • protein kinase C deactivation • middle ear morphogenesis • positive regulation of odontogenesis • superoxide anion generation • rhythmic excitation • response to amino acid • positive regulation of MAP kinase activity • positive regulation of JUN kinase activity • response to leptin • leukocyte activation • positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process • positive regulation of cell size • positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction • positive regulation of hormone secretion • negative regulation of hormone secretion • inositol phosphate-mediated signaling • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation • cartilage development • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled signaling pathway • negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process • membrane depolarization • regulation of sensory perception of pain • maternal process involved in parturition • positive regulation of sarcomere organization • positive regulation of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity • positive regulation of chemokine-mediated signaling pathway • cellular response to calcium ion • cellular response to interferon-gamma • cellular response to interleukin-1 • cellular response to tumor necrosis factor • cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus • cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus • cellular response to mineralocorticoid stimulus • cellular response to fatty acid • cellular response to hypoxia • response to dexamethasone • cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus • positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis • response to salt Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1906	13614
Ensembl	ENSG00000078401	ENSMUSG00000021367
UniProt	P05305	P22387
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001168319	NM_010104
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001161791	NP_034234
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 12.29 – 12.3 Mb	Chr 13: 42.3 – 42.31 Mb
PubMed search

Endothelin 1 (ET-1), also known as preproendothelin-1 (PPET1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EDN1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is proteolytically processed to release a secreted peptide termed endothelin 1. This peptide is a potent vasoconstrictor and is produced by vascular endothelial cells. Endothelin 1 is one of three isoforms of human endothelin.

Preproendothelin is precursor of the peptide ET-1. Endothelial cells convert preproendothelin to proendothelin and subsequently to mature endothelin, which the cells release.^[1]

Endothelin-1 receptor antagonists (Bosentan) are used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Inhibition of these receptors prevents pulmonary vasculature constriction and thus decreases pulmonary vascular resistance.

References

1. Boulpaep EL, Boron WF (2009). Medical physiology: a cellular and molecular approach. Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 1-4160-3115-4.

Further reading

• Bruno CM, Neri S, Di Prima P, Sciacca C (2003). "Pathophysiology of endothelin and medical emergencies.". Panminerva medica 45 (2): 151–4. PMID 12855940.
• Doggrell SA (2006). "The endothelin system and its role in acute myocardial infarction.". Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 8 (3): 191–201. doi:10.1517/14728222.8.3.191. PMID 15161426.
• Beghetti M, Black SM, Fineman JR (2005). "Endothelin-1 in congenital heart disease.". Pediatr. Res. 57 (5 Pt 2): 16R–20R. doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000160447.83332.13. PMID 15817494.
• Cazaubon S, Deshayes F, Couraud PO, Nahmias C (2006). "[Endothelin-1, angiotensin II and cancer]". Med Sci (Paris) 22 (4): 416–22. doi:10.1051/medsci/2006224416. PMID 16597412.
• Ariza AC, Bobadilla NA, Halhali A (2007). "[Endothelin 1 and angiotensin II in preeeclampsia]". Rev. Invest. Clin. 59 (1): 48–56. PMID 17569300.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.