Calcium ATPase
| Calcium ATPase | |||||||||
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 Calcium ATPase[1] | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC number | 3.6.3.8 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
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Ca2+ ATPase is a form of P-ATPase that transfers calcium after a muscle has contracted. The two kinds of calcium ATPase are:[2]
- Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA)
- Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA)
Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA)
The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a transport protein in the plasma membrane of cells that serves to remove calcium (Ca2+) from the cell. It is vital for regulating the amount of Ca2+ within cells.[3] In fact, the PMCA is involved in removing Ca2+ from all eukaryotic cells.[4] There is a very large transmembrane electrochemical gradient of Ca2+ driving the entry of the ion into cells, yet it is very important for cells to maintain low concentrations of Ca2+ for proper cell signalling; thus it is necessary for the cell to employ ion pumps to remove the Ca2+.[5] The PMCA and the sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) are together the main regulators of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations.[4] Since it transports Ca2+ into the extracellular space, the PMCA is also an important regulator of the calcium concentration in the extracellular space.[6]
The PMCA belongs to a family of P-type primary ion transport ATPases that form an aspartyl phosphate intermediate.[4]
The PMCA is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the brain.[7]
Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA)
SERCA resides in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) within muscle cells. It is a Ca2+ ATPase that transfers Ca2+ from the cytosol of the cell to the lumen of the SR at the expense of ATP hydrolysis during muscle relaxation.
See also
References
- ↑ PDB Molecule of the Month Calcium pump
- ↑ nlm.nih.gov
- ↑ Jensen, TP; Buckby LE; Empson RM (2004). "Expression of plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase family members and associated synaptic proteins in acute and cultured organotypic hippocampal slices from rat". Developmental Brain Research 152 (2): 129–136. doi:10.1016/j.devbrainres.2004.06.004. PMID 15351500.
- 1 2 3 Strehler, EE; Zacharias DA (2001). "Role of alternative splicing in generating isoform diversity among plasma membrane calcium pumps". Physiological Reviews (American Physiological Society) 81 (1): 21–50. PMID 11152753. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ↑ Carafoli, E (1991). "Calcium pump of the plasma membrane". Physiological Reviews 71 (1): 129–153. PMID 1986387. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ↑ Talarico Jr, EF; Kennedy BG; Marfurt CF; Loeffler KU; Mangini NJ (2005). "Expression and immunolocalization of plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoforms in human corneal epithelium". Molecular Vision 11: 169–178. PMID 15765049.
- ↑ Jensen, TP; Filoteo A; Knopfel T; Empson RM (2006). "Pre-synaptic plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase isoform 2a regulates excitatory synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal CA3". Journal of Physiology 579 (Pt 1): Published online ahead of print. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.123901. PMC 2075377. PMID 17170045. 17170045. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-13.
External links
- Calcium ATPase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- EC 3.6.3.8
- Overview at utoronto.ca
- Cation transporting ATPase family in Pfam
- UMich Orientation of Proteins in Membranes families/superfamily-22 - Calculated orientations of calcium ATPase in membrane
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