Somatostatin receptor 2

Somatostatin receptor 2
Identifiers
Symbol	SSTR2
External IDs	OMIM: 182452 MGI: 98328 HomoloGene: 37427 IUPHAR: 356 ChEMBL: 1804 GeneCards: SSTR2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • somatostatin receptor activity • protein binding • PDZ domain binding • neuropeptide binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • neuron projection Biological process • regulation of muscle contraction • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger • adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • neuropeptide signaling pathway • cell-cell signaling • synaptic transmission • spermatogenesis • response to nutrient • digestion • negative regulation of cell proliferation • cerebellum development • peristalsis • forebrain development • somatostatin signaling pathway • response to starvation • cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus • cellular response to estradiol stimulus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6752	20606
Ensembl	ENSG00000180616	ENSMUSG00000047904
UniProt	P30874	P30875
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001050	NM_001042606
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001041	NP_001036071
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 73.17 – 73.18 Mb	Chr 11: 113.62 – 113.63 Mb
PubMed search

Somatostatin receptor type 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSTR2 gene.^[1]

Function

Somatostatin acts at many sites to inhibit the release of many hormones and other secretory proteins. The biologic effects of somatostatin are probably mediated by a family of G protein-coupled receptors that are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. SSTR2 is a member of the superfamily of receptors having seven transmembrane segments and is expressed in highest levels in cerebrum and kidney.^[2]

Interactions

Somatostatin receptor 2 has been shown to interact with SHANK2.^[3]

Therapeutic targeting

Most pituitary adenomas express SSTR2, but other somatostatin receptors are also found.<^[4] Somatostatin analogs (i.e. Octreotide, Lanreotide ) are used to stimulate this receptors, and thus to inhibit further tumor proliferation.^[5]

See also

• Somatostatin receptor

References

1. Yamada Y, Stoffel M, Espinosa R, Xiang KS, Seino M, Seino S, Le Beau MM, Bell GI (Feb 1993). "Human somatostatin receptor genes: localization to human chromosomes 14, 17, and 22 and identification of simple tandem repeat polymorphisms". Genomics 15 (2): 449–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1088. PMID 8449518.
2. "Entrez Gene: SSTR2 somatostatin receptor 2".
3. Zitzer H, Hönck HH, Bächner D, Richter D, Kreienkamp HJ (Nov 1999). "Somatostatin receptor interacting protein defines a novel family of multidomain proteins present in human and rodent brain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (46): 32997–3001. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.46.32997. PMID 10551867.
4. Miller GM, Alexander JM, Bikkal HA, Katznelson L, Zervas NT, Klibanski A (Apr 1995). "Somatostatin receptor subtype gene expression in pituitary adenomas". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 80 (4): 1386–92. doi:10.1210/jcem.80.4.7714115. PMID 7714115.
5. Zatelli MC, Ambrosio MR, Bondanelli M, Uberti EC (Apr 2007). "Control of pituitary adenoma cell proliferation by somatostatin analogs, dopamine agonists and novel chimeric compounds". European Journal of Endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies. 156 Suppl 1: S29–35. doi:10.1530/eje.1.02352. PMID 17413185.

Further reading

• Yamada Y, Post SR, Wang K, Tager HS, Bell GI, Seino S (Jan 1992). "Cloning and functional characterization of a family of human and mouse somatostatin receptors expressed in brain, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89 (1): 251–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.1.251. PMC 48214. PMID 1346068.
• Reubi JC, Waser B, Schaer JC, Markwalder R (Sep 1995). "Somatostatin receptors in human prostate and prostate cancer". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 80 (9): 2806–14. doi:10.1210/jc.80.9.2806. PMID 7673428.
• Kagimoto S, Yamada Y, Kubota A, Someya Y, Ihara Y, Yasuda K, Kozasa T, Imura H, Seino S, Seino Y (Jul 1994). "Human somatostatin receptor, SSTR2, is coupled to adenylyl cyclase in the presence of Gi alpha 1 protein". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 202 (2): 1188–95. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.2054. PMID 7914078.
• Fujita T, Yamaji Y, Sato M, Murao K, Takahara J (1994). "Gene expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes, SSTR1 and SSTR2, in human lung cancer cell lines". Life Sciences 55 (23): 1797–806. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)90090-6. PMID 7968260.
• Patel YC, Greenwood M, Kent G, Panetta R, Srikant CB (Apr 1993). "Multiple gene transcripts of the somatostatin receptor SSTR2: tissue selective distribution and cAMP regulation". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 192 (1): 288–94. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.1412. PMID 8386508.
• Fukusumi S, Kitada C, Takekawa S, Kizawa H, Sakamoto J, Miyamoto M, Hinuma S, Kitano K, Fujino M (Mar 1997). "Identification and characterization of a novel human cortistatin-like peptide". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 232 (1): 157–63. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6252. PMID 9125122.
• Jaïs P, Terris B, Ruszniewski P, LeRomancer M, Reyl-Desmars F, Vissuzaine C, Cadiot G, Mignon M, Lewin MJ (Aug 1997). "Somatostatin receptor subtype gene expression in human endocrine gastroentero-pancreatic tumours". European Journal of Clinical Investigation 27 (8): 639–44. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2362.1997.1740719.x. PMID 9279525.
• Lopez F, Estève JP, Buscail L, Delesque N, Saint-Laurent N, Théveniau M, Nahmias C, Vaysse N, Susini C (Sep 1997). "The tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 associates with the sst2 somatostatin receptor and is an essential component of sst2-mediated inhibitory growth signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (39): 24448–54. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24448. PMID 9305905.
• Tsutsumi A, Takano H, Ichikawa K, Kobayashi S, Koike T (Oct 1997). "Expression of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 mRNA in human lymphoid cells". Cellular Immunology 181 (1): 44–9. doi:10.1006/cimm.1997.1193. PMID 9344495.
• Sharma K, Patel YC, Srikant CB (Jan 1999). "C-terminal region of human somatostatin receptor 5 is required for induction of Rb and G1 cell cycle arrest". Molecular Endocrinology 13 (1): 82–90. doi:10.1210/me.13.1.82. PMID 9892014.
• Kumar U, Sasi R, Suresh S, Patel A, Thangaraju M, Metrakos P, Patel SC, Patel YC (Jan 1999). "Subtype-selective expression of the five somatostatin receptors (hSSTR1-5) in human pancreatic islet cells: a quantitative double-label immunohistochemical analysis". Diabetes 48 (1): 77–85. doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.1.77. PMID 9892225.
• Zitzer H, Richter D, Kreienkamp HJ (Jun 1999). "Agonist-dependent interaction of the rat somatostatin receptor subtype 2 with cortactin-binding protein 1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (26): 18153–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.26.18153. PMID 10373412.
• Zitzer H, Hönck HH, Bächner D, Richter D, Kreienkamp HJ (Nov 1999). "Somatostatin receptor interacting protein defines a novel family of multidomain proteins present in human and rodent brain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (46): 32997–3001. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.46.32997. PMID 10551867.
• Petersenn S, Rasch AC, Presch S, Beil FU, Schulte HM (Nov 1999). "Genomic structure and transcriptional regulation of the human somatostatin receptor type 2". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 157 (1-2): 75–85. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(99)00161-6. PMID 10619399.
• Kreienkamp HJ, Zitzer H, Richter D (2001). "Identification of proteins interacting with the rat somatostatin receptor subtype 2". Journal of Physiology, Paris 94 (3-4): 193–8. doi:10.1016/S0928-4257(00)00204-7. PMID 11087996.
• Ho MK, Yung LY, Chan JS, Chan JH, Wong CS, Wong YH (Apr 2001). "Galpha(14) links a variety of G(i)- and G(s)-coupled receptors to the stimulation of phospholipase C". British Journal of Pharmacology 132 (7): 1431–40. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703933. PMC 1572686. PMID 11264236.
• Zatelli MC, Tagliati F, Taylor JE, Rossi R, Culler MD, degli Uberti EC (May 2001). "Somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 5 differentially affect proliferation in vitro of the human medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line tt". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 86 (5): 2161–9. doi:10.1210/jc.86.5.2161. PMID 11344221.
• Talme T, Ivanoff J, Hägglund M, Van Neerven RJ, Ivanoff A, Sundqvist KG (Jul 2001). "Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expression and function in normal and leukaemic T-cells. Evidence for selective effects on adhesion to extracellular matrix components via SSTR2 and/or 3". Clinical and Experimental Immunology 125 (1): 71–9. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01577.x. PMC 1906108. PMID 11472428.
• Klisovic DD, O'Dorisio MS, Katz SE, Sall JW, Balster D, O'Dorisio TM, Craig E, Lubow M (Sep 2001). "Somatostatin receptor gene expression in human ocular tissues: RT-PCR and immunohistochemical study". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 42 (10): 2193–201. PMID 11527930.

External links

• "Somatostatin Receptors: sst₂". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
• somatostatin receptor 2 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.