Dimenhydrinate

"Dramamine" redirects here. For other uses, see Dramamine (disambiguation).
Dimenhydrinate
Combination of
diphenhydramine antiemetic
8-chlorotheophylline stimulant
Clinical data
Trade names Dramamine
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a607046
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: A
  • US: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Routes of
administration		 Oral, Rectal, I.V.
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S2 (Pharmacy only)
  • US: OTC
Identifiers
CAS Number 523-87-5 YesY
ATC code R06AA52 (WHO)
PubChem CID 10660
DrugBank DB00985 YesY
ChemSpider 10210 YesY
UNII JB937PER5C YesY
KEGG D00520 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1200406 N
 NYesY (what is this?)  (verify)

Dimenhydrinate (marketed as Dramamine, Gravol and many other brand names) is an over-the-counter antiemetic used for the treatment of the symptoms of motion sickness. It is most commonly prepared as tablets, although it is also available in liquid form and in suppositories. Dimenhydrinate is a combination of two drugs: diphenhydramine and 8-chlorotheophylline.

Medical uses

Dimenhydrinate is primarily used to treat nausea, vomiting, and dizziness caused by motion sickness.[1] Dimenhydrinate has also been found to aid in the treatment of ear congestion.

Diphenhydramine is the primary constituent of dimenhydrinate and dictates the primary effect. The main difference relative to pure diphenhydramine is a lower potency due to being combined with 8-chlorotheophylline. By weight, dimenhydrinate is between 53% to 55.5% diphenhydramine.[2]

8-Chlorotheophylline, a chlorinated derivative of theophylline, was added in order to counteract drowsiness. Theophylline is very closely related to caffeine and theobromine, mild central nervous system stimulants. It was thought by scientists that by combining the antiemetic effects of diphenhydramine with a stimulant, the extreme drowsiness induced by the former could be mitigated somewhat by the latter. The sedation caused by diphenhydramine, however, is substantially stronger than the stimulation caused by 8-chlorotheophylline, so the overall effect is still mostly sedating.

Veterinary use

Dimenhydrinate has successfully been used as an antiemetic and sedative in housepets.[3] It is commonly used to reduce the effects of idiopathic vestibular syndrome.

Brand names

Dimenhydrinate is marketed under many brand names: in the USA and Serbia as Dramamine, in Ukraine as Driminate, in India and Canada as Gravol, in Iceland as Gravamin, in Russia as Dramina, in South Africa and Germany as Vomex, in Australia and Austria as Vertirosan, in Brazil as Dramin, in Ecuador as Anautin, in Hungary as Daedalon, in Sweden as Amosyt, in Indonesia as Antimo, in Italy as Xamamina, in Peru as Gravicoll, in Poland as Aviomarin,[4] in Portugal as Viabom, in Spain as Biodramina, in Thailand as ไดเมนนีน (Daimenin), and in Pakistan as Gravinate.[5]

References

  1. ↑ "Dimenhydrinate". MedlinePlus. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
  2. ↑ "DIMENHYDRINATE injection, solution". Daily Med. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
  3. ↑ "Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine®)". Pet Education. Doctors Foster and Smith. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
  4. ↑ http://www.doz.pl/apteka/p5336-Aviomarin_tabletki_50_mg_5_szt
  5. ↑ http://www.searlecompany.com/gravinate.html


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