STX2

Syntaxin 2
Identifiers
Symbols	STX2 ; EPIM; EPM; STX2A; STX2B; STX2C
External IDs	OMIM: 132350 MGI: 108059 HomoloGene: 37559 GeneCards: STX2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • SNARE binding • SNAP receptor activity • protein binding • protein dimerization activity • calcium-dependent protein binding Cellular component • extracellular space • plasma membrane • cell-cell junction • synaptic vesicle • cell surface • endomembrane system • integral component of membrane • basolateral plasma membrane • lamellipodium • transport vesicle • midbody • SNARE complex • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle • membrane raft • extracellular exosome Biological process • intracellular protein transport • exocytosis • signal transduction • acrosome reaction • ectoderm development • organ morphogenesis • microvillus assembly • regulation of blood coagulation • epithelial cell differentiation • synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane • response to hydroperoxide • vesicle docking • digestive tract morphogenesis • protein oligomerization • cornified envelope assembly Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2054	13852
Ensembl	ENSG00000111450	ENSMUSG00000029428
UniProt	P32856	D3YY94
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001980	NM_001286033
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001971	NP_001272962
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 130.79 – 130.84 Mb	Chr 5: 128.98 – 129.01 Mb
PubMed search

Syntaxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STX2 gene.^[1][2][3]

Function

The product of this gene belongs to the syntaxin/epimorphin family of proteins. The syntaxins are a large protein family implicated in the targeting and fusion of intracellular transport vesicles. The product of this gene regulates epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and epithelial cell morphogenesis and activation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.^[3]

Interactions

STX2 has been shown to interact with SNAP-25,^[4][5] SNAP23,^[5][6][7][8] STXBP1^[4][9] and Syntaxin binding protein 3.^[9]

References

1. Zha H, Remmers EF, Szpirer C, Szpirer J, Zhang H, Kozak CA, Wilder RL (Nov 1996). "The epimorphin gene is highly conserved among humans, mice, and rats and maps to human chromosome 7, mouse chromosome 5, and rat chromosome 12". Genomics 37 (3): 386–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0574. PMID 8938452.
2. Band AM, Kuismanen E (Jun 2005). "Localization of plasma membrane t-SNAREs syntaxin 2 and 3 in intracellular compartments". BMC Cell Biology 6 (1): 26. doi:10.1186/1471-2121-6-26. PMC 1156879. PMID 15943887.
3. "Entrez Gene: STX2 syntaxin 2".
4. Hata Y, Südhof TC (Jun 1995). "A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 (22): 13022–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022. PMID 7768895.
5. Ravichandran V, Chawla A, Roche PA (Jun 1996). "Identification of a novel syntaxin- and synaptobrevin/VAMP-binding protein, SNAP-23, expressed in non-neuronal tissues". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (23): 13300–3. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.23.13300. PMID 8663154.
6. Imai A, Nashida T, Yoshie S, Shimomura H (Aug 2003). "Intracellular localisation of SNARE proteins in rat parotid acinar cells: SNARE complexes on the apical plasma membrane". Archives of Oral Biology 48 (8): 597–604. doi:10.1016/S0003-9969(03)00116-X. PMID 12828989.
7. Li G, Alexander EA, Schwartz JH (May 2003). "Syntaxin isoform specificity in the regulation of renal H+-ATPase exocytosis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (22): 19791–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212250200. PMID 12651853.
8. Araki S, Tamori Y, Kawanishi M, Shinoda H, Masugi J, Mori H, Niki T, Okazawa H, Kubota T, Kasuga M (May 1997). "Inhibition of the binding of SNAP-23 to syntaxin 4 by Munc18c". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 234 (1): 257–62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6560. PMID 9168999.
9. Schraw TD, Lemons PP, Dean WL, Whiteheart SW (Aug 2003). "A role for Sec1/Munc18 proteins in platelet exocytosis". The Biochemical Journal 374 (Pt 1): 207–17. doi:10.1042/BJ20030610. PMC 1223584. PMID 12773094.

Further reading

• Hirai Y, Takebe K, Takashina M, Kobayashi S, Takeichi M (May 1992). "Epimorphin: a mesenchymal protein essential for epithelial morphogenesis". Cell 69 (3): 471–81. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90448-L. PMID 1581962.
• Hata Y, Südhof TC (Jun 1995). "A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 (22): 13022–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022. PMID 7768895.
• Li C, Ullrich B, Zhang JZ, Anderson RG, Brose N, Südhof TC (Jun 1995). "Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent activities of neural and non-neural synaptotagmins". Nature 375 (6532): 594–9. doi:10.1038/375594a0. PMID 7791877.
• Hirai Y (Mar 1993). "Molecular cloning of human epimorphin: identification of isoforms and their unique properties". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 191 (3): 1332–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.1363. PMID 8466509.
• Oka Y, Hirai Y (Jan 1996). "Inductive influences of epimorphin on endothelial cells in vitro". Experimental Cell Research 222 (1): 189–98. doi:10.1006/excr.1996.0024. PMID 8549663.
• Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (Apr 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
• Betz A, Okamoto M, Benseler F, Brose N (Jan 1997). "Direct interaction of the rat unc-13 homologue Munc13-1 with the N terminus of syntaxin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (4): 2520–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.4.2520. PMID 8999968.
• Tellam JT, Macaulay SL, McIntosh S, Hewish DR, Ward CW, James DE (Mar 1997). "Characterization of Munc-18c and syntaxin-4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Putative role in insulin-dependent movement of GLUT-4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (10): 6179–86. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.10.6179. PMID 9045631.
• Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA (Apr 1997). "Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing". Genome Research 7 (4): 353–8. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.353. PMC 139146. PMID 9110174.
• Koshida S, Hirai Y (May 1997). "Identification of cellular recognition sequence of epimorphin and critical role of cell/epimorphin interaction in lung branching morphogenesis". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 234 (2): 522–5. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6673. PMID 9177305.
• Hirai Y, Lochter A, Galosy S, Koshida S, Niwa S, Bissell MJ (Jan 1998). "Epimorphin functions as a key morphoregulator for mammary epithelial cells". The Journal of Cell Biology 140 (1): 159–69. doi:10.1083/jcb.140.1.159. PMC 2132590. PMID 9425164.
• Thomas DM, Ferguson GD, Herschman HR, Elferink LA (Jul 1999). "Functional and biochemical analysis of the C2 domains of synaptotagmin IV". Molecular Biology of the Cell 10 (7): 2285–95. doi:10.1091/mbc.10.7.2285. PMC 25443. PMID 10397765.
• Pabst S, Hazzard JW, Antonin W, Südhof TC, Jahn R, Rizo J, Fasshauer D (Jun 2000). "Selective interaction of complexin with the neuronal SNARE complex. Determination of the binding regions". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 (26): 19808–18. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002571200. PMID 10777504.
• Kauppi M, Wohlfahrt G, Olkkonen VM (Nov 2002). "Analysis of the Munc18b-syntaxin binding interface. Use of a mutant Munc18b to dissect the functions of syntaxins 2 and 3". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (46): 43973–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208315200. PMID 12198139.
• Terasaki Y, Fukuda Y, Suga M, Ikeguchi N, Takeya M (2006). "Epimorphin expression in interstitial pneumonia". Respiratory Research 6 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/1465-9921-6-6. PMC 548284. PMID 15651999.
• Low SH, Vasanji A, Nanduri J, He M, Sharma N, Koo M, Drazba J, Weimbs T (Feb 2006). "Syntaxins 3 and 4 are concentrated in separate clusters on the plasma membrane before the establishment of cell polarity". Molecular Biology of the Cell 17 (2): 977–89. doi:10.1091/mbc.E05-05-0462. PMC 1356605. PMID 16339081.