RRH

Retinal pigment epithelium-derived rhodopsin homolog

Identifiers

External IDs

OMIM: 605224 MGI: 1097709 HomoloGene: 55977 GeneCards: RRH Gene

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• G-protein coupled receptor activity • photoreceptor activity
Cellular component	• integral component of plasma membrane
Biological process	• G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • visual perception • phototransduction • protein-chromophore linkage
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 4:
109.83 – 109.84 Mb

Chr 3:
129.8 – 129.82 Mb

PubMed search

For other uses, see RRH (disambiguation).

Peropsin, a visual pigment-like receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RRH gene.^[1]^[2]

Peropsin is an opsin and so belongs to the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors. Peropsin genes have seven-exons as neuropsin and RGR-opsin genes.^[2]

Phylogeny

The peropsins are one of the four subgroups of the Go/RGR opsins, also known as RGR/Go or Group 4 opsins. Go/RGR opsins are one of the four major groups of type-II opsins, also known as metazoan or animal opsins. The Go/RGR opsins consist of four groups: The Go-opsins, the RGR-opsins, the peropsins, and the neuropsins. Animal opsins belong to four classes: C-opsins (ciliary), R-opsins (rhabdomeric), Cnidops (cnidarian), and Go/RGR-opsins. Three of these subclades occur only in Bilateria (all but Cnidops). However, the bilaterian clades constitute a parphyletic taxon without the Cnidops.^[3]^[4]

References

↑ Sun H, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Nathans J (Sep 1997). "Peropsin, a novel visual pigment-like protein located in the apical microvilli of the retinal pigment epithelium". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94 (18): 9893–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.18.9893. PMC 23288. PMID 9275222.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: RRH retinal pigment epithelium-derived rhodopsin homolog".
↑ Porter ML, Blasic JR, Bok MJ, Cameron EG, Pringle T, Cronin TW, Robinson PR (Jan 2012). "Shedding new light on opsin evolution". Proceedings. Biological Sciences / the Royal Society 279 (1726): 3–14. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1819. PMC 3223661. PMID 22012981.
↑ Liegertová M, Pergner J, Kozmiková I, Fabian P, Pombinho AR, Strnad H, Pačes J, Vlček Č, Bartůněk P, Kozmik Z (2015). "Cubozoan genome illuminates functional diversification of opsins and photoreceptor evolution". Scientific Reports 5: 11885. doi:10.1038/srep11885. PMID 26154478.

Harrington JJ, Sherf B, Rundlett S, Jackson PD, Perry R, Cain S, Leventhal C, Thornton M, Ramachandran R, Whittington J, Lerner L, Costanzo D, McElligott K, Boozer S, Mays R, Smith E, Veloso N, Klika A, Hess J, Cothren K, Lo K, Offenbacher J, Danzig J, Ducar M (May 2001). "Creation of genome-wide protein expression libraries using random activation of gene expression". Nature Biotechnology 19 (5): 440–5. doi:10.1038/88107. PMID 11329013.
Bellingham J, Wells DJ, Foster RG (Jan 2003). "In silico characterisation and chromosomal localisation of human RRH (peropsin)--implications for opsin evolution". BMC Genomics 4 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-4-3. PMC 149353. PMID 12542842.
Barrios-Rodiles M, Brown KR, Ozdamar B, Bose R, Liu Z, Donovan RS, Shinjo F, Liu Y, Dembowy J, Taylor IW, Luga V, Przulj N, Robinson M, Suzuki H, Hayashizaki Y, Jurisica I, Wrana JL (Mar 2005). "High-throughput mapping of a dynamic signaling network in mammalian cells". Science 307 (5715): 1621–5. doi:10.1126/science.1105776. PMID 15761153.
Rivolta C, Berson EL, Dryja TP (2007). "Mutation screening of the peropsin gene, a retinal pigment epithelium specific rhodopsin homolog, in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and allied diseases". Molecular Vision 12: 1511–5. PMID 17167409.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Eye proteins

Opsin (retinylidene protein)

visual	Rhodopsin Photopsin (OPN1LW OPN1MW/OPN1MW2 OPN1SW)

nonvisual	Melanopsin OPN3 OPN5 RRH RGR

Crystallin

Alpha (A
B)
Beta (A1
A2
A4
B1
B2
B3)
Gamma (A
B
C
D
N
S)

Other

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A: Rhodopsin like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3

Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)

Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)

Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine (D1 D2 D3 D4 D5) Histamine (H1 H2 H3 H4) Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 3 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 (1 2) FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin (DP (1 2), EP (1 2 3 4), FP) Prostacyclin Thromboxane

Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2, GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Lactate Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Niacin (1 2) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide	B/W (1 2) FF (1 2) S Y (1 2 4 5) Neuromedin (B U (1 2)) Neurotensin (1 2)

Other	Anaphylatoxin (C3a C5a) Angiotensin (1 2) Apelin Bombesin (BRS3 GRPR NMBR) Bradykinin (B1 B2) Chemokine Cholecystokinin (A B) Endothelin (A B) Formyl peptide (1 2 3) FSH Galanin (1 2 3) GHB receptor Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Ghrelin Kisspeptin Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin MAS (1 1L D E F G X1 X2 X3 X4) Melanocortin (1 2 3 4 5) MCHR (1 2) Motilin Opioid (Delta Kappa Mu Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma) Orexin (1 2) Oxytocin Prokineticin (1 2) Prolactin-releasing peptide Relaxin (1 2 3 4) Somatostatin (1 2 3 4 5) Tachykinin (1 2 3) Thyrotropin Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Urotensin-II Vasopressin (1A 1B 2)

Miscellaneous

Orphan	GPR (1 3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 44 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 77 78 81 82 83 84 85 87 88 92 101 103 109A 109B 119 120 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)

Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B: Secretin like

Adhesion	ADGRG (1 2 3 4 5 6 7)

Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)

Other	Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (1 2 3) Cadherin (1 2 3) Calcitonin CALCRL CD97 Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) EMR (1 2 3) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth hormone releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Latrophilin (1 2 3 ELTD1) Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone

Taste	TAS1R (1 2 3) TAS2R (1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60)

Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)

Class F: Frizzled / Smoothened

Frizzled	Frizzled (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)

Smoothened	Smoothened

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RRH

Phylogeny

References

Further reading