Adenosine A2B receptor

Adenosine A2b receptor
Identifiers
Symbols	ADORA2B ; ADORA2
External IDs	OMIM: 600446 MGI: 99403 HomoloGene: 20167 IUPHAR: 20 ChEMBL: 255 GeneCards: ADORA2B Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • G-protein coupled adenosine receptor activity Cellular component • intracellular • plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane Biological process • activation of MAPK activity • adenosine receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus • cellular defense response • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • activation of adenylate cyclase activity • JNK cascade • excretion • positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production • positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity • cellular response to extracellular stimulus • positive regulation of chemokine production • positive regulation of interleukin-6 production • positive regulation of mast cell degranulation • relaxation of vascular smooth muscle Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	136	11541
Ensembl	ENSG00000170425	ENSMUSG00000018500
UniProt	P29275	Q60614
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000676	NM_007413
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000667	NP_031439
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 15.94 – 15.98 Mb	Chr 11: 62.25 – 62.27 Mb
PubMed search

The adenosine A_2B receptor, also known as ADORA2B, is a G-protein coupled adenosine receptor, and also denotes the human adenosine A_2b receptor gene which encodes it.^[1]

Mechanism

This integral membrane protein stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in the presence of adenosine. This protein also interacts with netrin-1, which is involved in axon elongation.

Gene

The gene is located near the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17.^[1]

Ligands

Research into selective A_2B ligands has lagged somewhat behind the development of ligands for the other three adenosine receptor subtypes, but a number of A_2B-selective compounds have now been developed,^{[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]} and research into their potential therapeutic applications is ongoing.^{[12][13][14][15][16][17]}

Agonists

• BAY 60-6583
• NECA (N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine)
• (S)-PHPNECA - high affinity and efficacy at A_2B, but poor selectivity over other adenosine receptor subtypes
• LUF-5835
• LUF-5845 - partial agonist

Antagonists and inverse agonists

• Compound 38:^[18] antagonist, high affinity and good subtype selectivity
• ATL-801
• CVT-6883
• MRS-1706
• MRS-1754
• OSIP-339,391
• PSB-603
• PSB-0788
• PSB-1115

References

1. "Entrez Gene: ADORA2B adenosine A2b receptor".
2. Volpini R, Costanzi S, Lambertucci C, Taffi S, Vittori S, Klotz KN, Cristalli G (July 2002). "N(6)-alkyl-2-alkynyl derivatives of adenosine as potent and selective agonists at the human adenosine A(3) receptor and a starting point for searching A(2B) ligands". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 45 (15): 3271–9. doi:10.1021/jm0109762. PMID 12109910.
3. Volpini R, Costanzi S, Lambertucci C, Vittori S, Cristalli G (2002). "Purine nucleosides bearing 1-alkynyl chains as adenosine receptor agonists". Current Pharmaceutical Design 8 (26): 2285–98. doi:10.2174/1381612023392856. PMID 12369946.
4. Baraldi PG, Tabrizi MA, Preti D, Bovero A, Romagnoli R, Fruttarolo F, Zaid NA, Moorman AR, Varani K, Gessi S, Merighi S, Borea PA (March 2004). "Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 8-heterocyclic xanthine derivatives as highly potent and selective human A2B adenosine receptor antagonists". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 47 (6): 1434–47. doi:10.1021/jm0309654. PMID 14998332.
5. Cacciari B, Pastorin G, Bolcato C, Spalluto G, Bacilieri M, Moro S (December 2005). "A2B adenosine receptor antagonists: recent developments". Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 5 (12): 1053–60. doi:10.2174/138955705774933374. PMID 16375751.
6. Baraldi PG, Romagnoli R, Preti D, Fruttarolo F, Carrion MD, Tabrizi MA (2006). "Ligands for A2B adenosine receptor subtype". Current Medicinal Chemistry 13 (28): 3467–82. doi:10.2174/092986706779010306. PMID 17168717.
7. Beukers MW, Meurs I, Ijzerman AP (September 2006). "Structure-affinity relationships of adenosine A2B receptor ligands". Medicinal Research Reviews 26 (5): 667–98. doi:10.1002/med.20069. PMID 16847822.
8. Elzein E, Kalla R, Li X, Perry T, Parkhill E, Palle V, Varkhedkar V, Gimbel A, Zeng D, Lustig D, Leung K, Zablocki J (January 2006). "Novel 1,3-dipropyl-8-(1-heteroarylmethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-xanthine derivatives as high affinity and selective A2B adenosine receptor antagonists". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 16 (2): 302–6. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.10.002. PMID 16275090.
9. Carotti A, Cadavid MI, Centeno NB, Esteve C, Loza MI, Martinez A, Nieto R, Raviña E, Sanz F, Segarra V, Sotelo E, Stefanachi A, Vidal B (January 2006). "Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of 1-,3-,8-, and 9-substituted-9-deazaxanthines at the human A2B adenosine receptor". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 49 (1): 282–99. doi:10.1021/jm0506221. PMID 16392813.
10. Tabrizi MA, Baraldi PG, Preti D, Romagnoli R, Saponaro G, Baraldi S, Moorman AR, Zaid AN, Varani K, Borea PA (March 2008). "1,3-Dipropyl-8-(1-phenylacetamide-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-xanthine derivatives as highly potent and selective human A(2B) adenosine receptor antagonists". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 16 (5): 2419–30. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.058. PMID 18077171.
11. Stefanachi A, Brea JM, Cadavid MI, Centeno NB, Esteve C, Loza MI, Martinez A, Nieto R, Raviña E, Sanz F, Segarra V, Sotelo E, Vidal B, Carotti A (March 2008). "1-, 3- and 8-substituted-9-deazaxanthines as potent and selective antagonists at the human A2B adenosine receptor". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 16 (6): 2852–69. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2008.01.002. PMID 18226909.
12. Volpini R, Costanzi S, Vittori S, Cristalli G, Klotz KN (2003). "Medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of A2B adenosine receptors". Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 3 (4): 427–43. doi:10.2174/1568026033392264. PMID 12570760.
13. Gao ZG, Jacobson KA (September 2007). "Emerging adenosine receptor agonists". Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs 12 (3): 479–92. doi:10.1517/14728214.12.3.479. PMID 17874974.
14. Kolachala V, Ruble B, Vijay-Kumar M, Wang L, Mwangi S, Figler H, Figler R, Srinivasan S, Gewirtz A, Linden J, Merlin D, Sitaraman S (September 2008). "Blockade of adenosine A2B receptors ameliorates murine colitis". British Journal of Pharmacology 155 (1): 127–37. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.227. PMC 2440087. PMID 18536750.
15. Haskó G, Linden J, Cronstein B, Pacher P (September 2008). "Adenosine receptors: therapeutic aspects for inflammatory and immune diseases". Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 7 (9): 759–70. doi:10.1038/nrd2638. PMC 2568887. PMID 18758473.
16. Ham J, Rees DA (December 2008). "The adenosine a2b receptor: its role in inflammation". Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders Drug Targets 8 (4): 244–54. doi:10.2174/187153008786848303. PMID 19075778.
17. Kim MO, Kim MH, Lee SH, Suh HN, Lee YJ, Lee MY, Han HJ (June 2009). "5'-N-ethylcarboxamide induces IL-6 expression via MAPKs and NF-kappaB activation through Akt, Ca(2+)/PKC, cAMP signaling pathways in mouse embryonic stem cells". Journal of Cellular Physiology 219 (3): 752–9. doi:10.1002/jcp.21721. PMID 19194991.
18. Stefanachi A, Nicolotti O, Leonetti F; et al. (2008). "1,3-Dialkyl-8-(hetero)aryl-9-OH-9-deazaxanthines as potent A(2B) adenosine receptor antagonists: Design, synthesis, structure-affinity and structure-selectivity relationships". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 16 (22): 9780–9. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2008.09.067. PMID 18938084.

External links

• "Adenosine Receptors: A_2B". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.

Further reading

• Stiles GL (1992). "Adenosine receptors.". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (10): 6451–4. PMID 1551861.
• Pierce KD, Furlong TJ, Selbie LA, Shine J (1992). "Molecular cloning and expression of an adenosine A2b receptor from human brain.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 187 (1): 86–93. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81462-7. PMID 1325798.
• Jacobson MA, Johnson RG, Luneau CJ, Salvatore CA (1995). "Cloning and chromosomal localization of the human A2b adenosine receptor gene (ADORA2B) and its pseudogene.". Genomics 27 (2): 374–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1061. PMID 7558011.
• Townsend-Nicholson A, Baker E, Sutherland GR, Schofield PR (1995). "Localization of the adenosine A2b receptor subtype gene (ADORA2B) to chromosome 17p11.2-p12 by FISH and PCR screening of somatic cell hybrids.". Genomics 25 (2): 605–7. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80074-V. PMID 7790006.
• Strohmeier GR, Reppert SM, Lencer WI, Madara JL (1995). "The A2b adenosine receptor mediates cAMP responses to adenosine receptor agonists in human intestinal epithelia.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (5): 2387–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.5.2387. PMID 7836474.
• Feoktistov I, Murray JJ, Biaggioni I (1994). "Positive modulation of intracellular Ca2+ levels by adenosine A2b receptors, prostacyclin, and prostaglandin E1 via a cholera toxin-sensitive mechanism in human erythroleukemia cells.". Mol. Pharmacol. 45 (6): 1160–7. PMID 8022409.
• Mirabet M, Herrera C, Cordero OJ; et al. (1999). "Expression of A2B adenosine receptors in human lymphocytes: their role in T cell activation.". J. Cell. Sci. 112 (4): 491–502. PMID 9914161.
• Feoktistov I, Goldstein AE, Biaggioni I (1999). "Role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase kinase in adenosine A2B receptor-mediated interleukin-8 production in human mast cells.". Mol. Pharmacol. 55 (4): 726–34. PMID 10101031.
• Corset V, Nguyen-Ba-Charvet KT, Forcet C; et al. (2000). "Netrin-1-mediated axon outgrowth and cAMP production requires interaction with adenosine A2b receptor.". Nature 407 (6805): 747–50. doi:10.1038/35037600. PMID 11048721.
• Herrera C, Casadó V, Ciruela F; et al. (2001). "Adenosine A2B receptors behave as an alternative anchoring protein for cell surface adenosine deaminase in lymphocytes and cultured cells.". Mol. Pharmacol. 59 (1): 127–34. PMID 11125033.
• Christofi FL, Zhang H, Yu JG; et al. (2001). "Differential gene expression of adenosine A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 receptors in the human enteric nervous system.". J. Comp. Neurol. 439 (1): 46–64. doi:10.1002/cne.1334. PMID 11579381.
• Hayallah AM, Sandoval-Ramírez J, Reith U; et al. (2002). "1,8-disubstituted xanthine derivatives: synthesis of potent A2B-selective adenosine receptor antagonists.". J. Med. Chem. 45 (7): 1500–10. doi:10.1021/jm011049y. PMID 11906291.
• Sitaraman SV, Wang L, Wong M; et al. (2002). "The adenosine 2b receptor is recruited to the plasma membrane and associates with E3KARP and Ezrin upon agonist stimulation.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (36): 33188–95. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202522200. PMID 12080047.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Feoktistov I, Ryzhov S, Goldstein AE, Biaggioni I (2003). "Mast cell-mediated stimulation of angiogenesis: cooperative interaction between A2B and A3 adenosine receptors.". Circ. Res. 92 (5): 485–92. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000061572.10929.2D. PMID 12600879.
• Eltzschig HK, Ibla JC, Furuta GT; et al. (2003). "Coordinated adenine nucleotide phosphohydrolysis and nucleoside signaling in posthypoxic endothelium: role of ectonucleotidases and adenosine A2B receptors.". J. Exp. Med. 198 (5): 783–96. doi:10.1084/jem.20030891. PMC 2194189. PMID 12939345.
• Ryzhov S, Goldstein AE, Matafonov A; et al. (2004). "Adenosine-activated mast cells induce IgE synthesis by B lymphocytes: an A2B-mediated process involving Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 with implications for asthma.". J. Immunol. 172 (12): 7726–33. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.12.7726. PMID 15187156.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Kolachala V, Asamoah V, Wang L; et al. (2005). "Interferon-gamma down-regulates adenosine 2b receptor-mediated signaling and short circuit current in the intestinal epithelia by inhibiting the expression of adenylate cyclase.". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (6): 4048–57. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409577200. PMID 15550390.