South African Class 19 4-8-2

South African Classes 19 and 19R 4-8-2

No. 1369 plinthed in Breyten, 11 June 2005

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	South African Railways
Builder	Berliner Maschinenbau
Serial number	9279-9282
Model	Class 19
Build date	1928
Total produced	4

Specifications
Configuration	4-8-2 "Mountain"
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Leading dia	28.5 in (724 mm)
Driver diameter	54 in (1,372 mm)
Trailing dia	33 in (838 mm)
Wheelbase	Total: 58 ft 7.75 in (17,875 mm) Engine: 6 ft 2 in (1,880 mm) bogie 14 ft 5 in (4,394 mm) coupled 32 ft 2 in (9,804 mm) total Tender: 4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm) bogie 16 ft 9 in (5,105 mm) total
Length	67 ft 5.5 in (20,561 mm) total
Height	12 ft 10 in (3,912 mm) as built 12 ft 10.875 in (3,934 mm) reboilered
Frame	Bar frame
Axle load	13.45 long tons (13.7 t) on 3rd driver as built 12.95 long tons (13.2 t) on 3rd driver reboilered
Adhesive weight	53.05 long tons (53.9 t) as built 51.1 long tons (51.9 t) reboilered
Loco weight	79.45 long tons (80.7 t) as built 75.9 long tons (77.1 t) reboilered
Tender weight	49,452 lb (22.4 t) empty 51.05 long tons (51.9 t) w/o
Loco & tender weight	160,100 lb (72.6 t) empty 130.5 long tons (132.6 t) w/o
Tender type	MP1 - MP, MP1, MR, MX, MY, MY1 permitted * 2 axle bogies * 34 in (864 mm) wheels * Length 25 ft 10.5 in (7,887 mm)
Fuel capacity	10 long tons (10.2 t)
Water cap	4,250 imp gal (19,300 l)
Firebox: • Firegrate area	37 sq ft (3.437 m²) as built 36 sq ft (3.345 m²) reboilered
Boiler	5 ft (1,524 mm) inside diameter 20 ft 2 in (6,147 mm) inside length 8 ft (2,438 mm) pitch
Boiler pressure	200 psi (1,380 kPa)
Heating surface	2,176 sq ft (202.157 m²) as built 1,839 sq ft (170.849 m²) reboilered
• Tubes	As built: 120 tubes 2.25 in (57 mm) diameter 21 tubes 5.5 in (140 mm) diameter 2,036 sq ft (189.151 m²) Reboilered: 76 tubes 2.5 in (64 mm) diameter 24 tubes 5.5 in (140 mm) diameter 1,700 sq ft (157.935 m²)
• Flues	13 sq ft (1.208 m²) as built 16 sq ft (1.486 m²) reboilered
• Firebox	127 sq ft (11.799 m²) as built 123 sq ft (11.427 m²) reboilered
Superheater: • Heating area	506 sq ft (47.009 m²) as built 404 sq ft (37.533 m²) reboilered
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	21 in (533 mm) bore 26 in (660 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Walschaerts

Performance figures
Tractive effort	31,850 lbf (142 kN) at 75% pressure

Career
Operators	South African Railways
Class	Class 19, Class 19R
Number in class	4
Numbers	1366–1369
Delivered	1928
First run	1928
Withdrawn	1977

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The South African Railways Class 19 4-8-2 of 1928 is a steam locomotive.

In 1928 the South African Railways placed four Class 19 steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement in service. One of them was later reboilered and reclassified to Class 19R.^[1]^[2]

Manufacturer

At the request of Colonel F.R. Collins, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the South African Railways (SAR) from 1922 to 1929, the basic design of the Class 19 4-8-2 steam locomotive was done by Test Engineer M.M. Loubser, himself later to be appointed as CME from 1939 to 1949. In 1928 four locomotives were built in Berlin by Berliner Maschinenbau AG (BMAG), the former L. Schwartzkopff, numbered in the range from 1366 to 1369.^[3]^[4]

They were superheated, built on bar frames and used Walschaerts valve gear. Built as a lighter branchline development of the earlier Class 15C and Class 15CA 4-8-2 mainline locomotives, they proved to be extremely successful. Following the pilot project with the four Class 19 locomotives, four variants on the class were acquired over the next twenty-one years.^[3]^[5]

The slightly smaller Class 19A in 1929.
The Class 19B in 1930.
The Class 19C in 1935.
The Class 19D between 1936 and 1949.

The Class 19 family earned a reputation for reliability, easy handling, long periods between overhauls and economical operation. While preparing the specifications, Loubser gave considerable thought to the layout of this locomotive that was essentially a completely new type of branchline engine. The Research and Test Department was consulted on the most suitable wheel arrangement and other design details, and the end result more than justified the amount of care and thought taken during the design process.^[1]

Watson Standard boilers

From the 1930s many serving locomotives were reboilered with a standard boiler type designed by then CME A.G. Watson as part of his standardisation policy. Such Watson Standard reboilered locomotives were reclassified by adding an "R" suffix to their classification.^[2]^[3]

In 1966, when Class 19 no. 1367 was reboilered with a Watson Standard no. 1A boiler, it became the sole Class 19R. In the process it was also equipped with a Watson cab with its distinctive slanted front compared to the conventional vertical front of the original cab.^[2]^[3]

The Watson Standard no. 1A boiler was designed to the same basic dimensions of the Class 19 boiler, but with more superheater elements and a different tube arrangement with larger diameter small tubes.^[5]

While an obvious visual difference between an original and a Watson Standard reboilered locomotive is usually a rectangular regulator cover just to the rear of the chimney on the reboilered locomotive, the slanted front of the new cab on no. 1367 served as an even more obvious identifying feature.

Service

The four Class 19 locomotives were placed in service on the line between Kimberley and Vryburg, but eventually spent their later working years at Empangeni and on the Bergville branch in Natal. By 1977 they were all withdrawn from service. One, the reboilered Class 19R no. 1367, was sold into industrial service, becoming the Number 2 of Platberg Colliery in Natal.^[3]^[5]

Illustration

The first picture below shows the reboilered Class 19R no. 1367. Note the rectangular box to the rear of the chimney and the slanted front of the cab.

The main picture and the last one below show no. 1369, probably the sole surviving Class 19, serving as the town guard at Breyten in Mpumalanga.^[6]

No. 1367, the only Class 19R, at work in Empangeni, Natal, c. 1966

No. 1369, plinthed in Breyten, Mpumalanga, 11 June 2005

References

1 2 Holland, D.F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 57–58. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.
1 2 3 South African Railways and Harbours Locomotive Diagram Book, 2’0” & 3’6” Gauge Steam Locomotives, 15 August 1941, pp21 & 21A, as amended
1 2 3 4 5 Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 10–11, 69–70. ISBN 0869772112.
↑ Information supplied by R.S. Loubser, son of M.M. Loubser
1 2 3 Durrant, A E (1989). Twilight of South African Steam (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, London: David & Charles. p. 97. ISBN 0715386387.
↑ Breyten, Main Street, Class 19 no 1369

Wikimedia Commons has media related to South African Class 19 (4-8-2).

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London Harbour 0-4-0 Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0ST Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0T Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST 1902 CGR 0-6-0T 1876 Back-to-Back CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T 1875 CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T 1882 CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack CSAR Railmotor DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth Harbour 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR 0-4-0ST 1903 SAR 0-4-0T no. 69 SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Clayton Railmotor

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Beyer, Peacock CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT 1881 CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT 1875 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 Red Devil

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T 1871 Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Class Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Class Namaqua Copper Pioneer

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR NG 0-4-0T 1899 SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 35-800 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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