South African Class S2 0-8-0

No. 3728 in the Table Bay yard, Cape Town, August 1973

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	South African Railways
Builder	Friedrich Krupp AG
Serial number	2966-3065
Model	Class S2
Build date	1952-1953
Total produced	100

Specifications
Configuration	0-8-0 "Eight-coupled"
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Driver diameter	48 in (1,219 mm)
Wheelbase	Total: 51 ft 2.625 in (15,611 mm) Engine: 12 ft 9 in (3,886 mm) Tender: 8 ft 8 in (2,642 mm) bogie 24 ft 7.25 in (7,499 mm) total
Length	67 ft 9.25 in (20,657 mm)
Height	12 ft 6.625 in (3,826 mm)
Frame	Cast frame
Axle load	12.77 long tons (13.0 t) on 2nd driver
Adhesive weight	50.65 long tons (51.5 t)
Loco weight	50.65 long tons (51.5 t)
Tender weight	105,784 lb (48.0 t) empty 53.4 long tons (54.3 t) w/o
Loco & tender weight	105,784 lb (48.0 t) empty 104 long tons (105.7 t) w/o
Tender type	MY1 Torpedo * 3 axle Buckeye bogies * 34 in (864 mm) wheels
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	8 long tons (8.1 t)
Water cap	4,200 imp gal (19,000 l)
Firebox: • Firegrate area	30 sq ft (2.787 m²)
Boiler	4 ft 6.875 in (1,394 mm) inside diameter 13 ft 3.625 in (4,054 mm) inside length 8 ft 4 in (2,540 mm) pitch
Boiler pressure	195 psi (1,340 kPa)
Heating surface	1,092 sq ft (101.450 m²)
• Tubes	91 tubes 2 in (51 mm) diameter 30 tubes 5.5 in (140 mm) diameter 979 sq ft (90.952 m²)
• Firebox	113 sq ft (10.498 m²)
Superheater: • Heating area	330 sq ft (30.658 m²)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	18 in (457 mm) bore 26 in (660 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Walschaerts

Performance figures
Tractive effort	25,600 lbf (114 kN) at 75% pressure

Career
Operators	South African Railways
Class	Class S2
Number in class	100
Numbers	3701-3800
Delivered	1952-1953
First run	1952
Withdrawn	1985

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The South African Railways Class S2 0-8-0 of 1952 is a steam locomotive.

In 1952 and 1953 the South African Railways placed one hundred Class S2 shunting steam locomotives with a 0-8-0 wheel arrangement in service.^[1]^[2]

Design specifications

By 1952 the need arose for shunting locomotives with a light axle load for harbour work, where most of the trackwork was laid with light rail. Under the direction of L.C. Grubb, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the South African Railways (SAR) from 1949 to 1954, specifications were prepared for a light locomotive with the 0-8-0 wheel arrangement that had already been proven successful with the Class S and Class S1 shunting engines. In order to keep the total weight of the engine and tender down to approximately 100 long tons (100 tonnes), it was to be equipped with the Watson Standard no. 1 boiler, the smallest of the standard boilers.^[1]^[2]

Manufacturer

When tenders were called for, a number of firms responded, but all except one stated that it would not be possible to construct the locomotive within the stipulated weight. Only the firm of Friedrich Krupp AG of Essen in Germany undertook to build the locomotives to the required specifications.^[1]

When design work commenced after the signing of the contract, however, it was discovered that the other tendering firms had been correct and that the locomotives could not be built within the specified weight limit if the specifications were to be adhered to. It was eventually agreed that Krupp should design a suitable smaller boiler that would bring the locomotive’s weight down to a level that would be in line with the stipulated maximum. The end result was an engine that had the appearance of a Cape gauge locomotive with a Narrow gauge boiler, particularly when viewed from the front.^[1]^[2]

One hundred Class S2 locomotives were subsequently built by Krupp and delivered between 1952 and 1953, numbered in the range from 3701 to 3800. Even with the smaller Krupp-designed boiler, the locomotive’s eventual working order weight of 104 long tons (106 tonnes) was still 4 long tons (4.1 tonnes) more than the desired maximum.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Characteristics

The locomotives had Walschaerts valve gear and were superheated. Their cast steel frames were a single casting with separately attached cylinders. Like the Class 24 and the last batch of the Class 19D, the Class S2 had Type MY1 tank wagon type tenders, similar in appearance to the American Vanderbilt type tenders with cylindrical water tanks. The tenders ran on three-axle Buckeye bogies to reduce the axle load and became commonly known as Torpedo tenders. As was done with the tenders of the Class S and Class S1, the top sides of the coal bunker were scalloped out to improve the crew’s rearward vision.^[2]^[3]

Service

Most of the Class S2 locomotives were placed in shunting service in the Durban, Cape Town and Port Elizabeth harbours, where they replaced a variety of aged 4-6-0, 4-8-0 and 4-8-2T locomotives. About twenty were also allocated to yards on the Witwatersrand and in the Eastern Transvaal, where they were employed in light general shunting.^[2]^[4]

One Class S2 locomotive, stationed at Capital Park in Pretoria, was painted in blue livery to be used for the shunting of Blue Train stock, until it was eventually replaced by a Class 19D locomotive that was also painted blue. During 1981 four Class S2 locomotives were hired to Mozambique for dock shunting in Maputo.^[4]

All but one were withdrawn from service in 1982. The last Class S2 in service was the shed pilot at Waterval Boven, which remained in service until 1985. In Cape Town and Durban they were replaced by Class 36-000 and Class 36-200 light general purpose diesel-electric locomotives, but in Port Elizabeth their initial replacements were older steam locomotives of larger capacity.^[2]^[4]

Commemoration

A 10c postage stamp depicting a Class S2 locomotive was one of a set of four commemorative postage stamps that were issued by the South African Post Office on 27 April 1983, to commemorate the steam locomotives of South Africa that were rapidly being withdrawn from service at the time. The artwork and stamp design was by the noted stamp designer and artist Hein Botha.^[5]

The particular locomotive depicted was number 3781. The outline of a traditional SAR locomotive number plate was used as a commemorative cancellation for De Aar on the date of issue.^[5]

Illustration

The main picture and the following photographs illustrate different views of the Class S2 locomotive and its Torpedo-type tender.

No. 3728 in Table Bay Harbour yard, Cape Town, August 1973
No. 3706 at Millsite shortly before being moved to George, c. 1990
No. 3744 in Table Bay Harbour yard, Cape Town, August 1973

References

1 2 3 4 5 Holland, D.F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 108–109. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. p. 81. ISBN 0869772112.
1 2 South African Railways and Harbours Locomotive Diagram Book, 2’0” & 3’6” Gauge Steam Locomotives, 15 August 1941, as amended
1 2 3 Durrant, A E (1989). Twilight of South African Steam (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, London: David & Charles. pp. 122–123. ISBN 0715386387.
1 2 Philatelic Bulletin 176, issued by Philatelic Services and INTERSAPA, 1983

Wikimedia Commons has media related to South African Class S2 (0-8-0).

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London Harbour 0-4-0 Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0ST Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0T Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST 1902 CGR 0-6-0T 1876 Back-to-Back CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T 1875 CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T 1882 CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack CSAR Railmotor DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth Harbour 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR 0-4-0ST 1903 SAR 0-4-0T no. 69 SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Clayton Railmotor

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Beyer, Peacock CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT 1881 CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT 1875 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 Red Devil

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T 1871 Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Class Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Class Namaqua Copper Pioneer

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR NG 0-4-0T 1899 SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 35-800 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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