South West African 2-8-0T

DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T
South West African 2-8-0T

Eight-coupled tank, circa 1912

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Orenstein & Koppel
Builder	Orenstein & Koppel
Serial number	1870-1875, 2069-20, 2356-2361, 2732-2734, 3182-3184, 4198-4199
Build date	1906-1910
Total produced	23

Specifications
Configuration	2-8-0 "Consolidation"
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Driver diameter	39 ³⁄₈ in (1,000 mm)
Length	29 ft 6 ⁹⁄₁₆ in (9.006 m)
Axle load	7 ⁸⁄₂₀ long tons (7.5 t)
Loco weight	34 ¹⁰⁄₂₀ long tons (35.1 t)
Fuel type	Coal
Firebox: • Firegrate area	12.5 sq ft (1.161 m²)
Boiler pressure	171 psi (1,180 kPa)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	Compound engines: Not known Simplex engines: 14 ⁹⁄₁₆ in (370 mm) bore 19 ¹¹⁄₁₆ in (500 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Walschaerts

Performance figures
Tractive effort	13,580 lbf (60 kN) at 75% pressure

Career
Operators	Lüderitzbucht Eisenbahn South African Railways
Number in class	14
Numbers	DSWA 1-18, 20-22
Delivered	1907-1910
First run	1907

Error in template * unknown parameter name (Template:Infobox_locomotive): 'framesize'

The South West African 2-8-0T of 1907 was a steam locomotive from the Deutsch-Südwest-Afrika era.

Between 1907 and 1910 the Lüderitzbucht Eisenbahn (Lüderitzbucht Railway) in Deutsch-Südwest-Afrika (German South West Africa) placed twenty-three tank locomotives with a 2-8-0 Consolidation type wheel arrangement in service. After the First World War, when all railways in the territory came under the administration of the South African Railways in 1922, five of these locomotives still survived. They were not classified or renumbered but were referred to as the Eight-Coupled Tanks.^[1]^[2]

Manufacturer

In 1907 eight Cape Gauge tank locomotives with a 2-8-0 Consolidation type wheel arrangement were delivered to the Lüderitzbucht Eisenbahn in Deutsch-Südwest-Afrika (now Namibia) by Orenstein & Koppel, numbered in the range from 1 to 8 and all built in 1906. The first six of these locomotives were two-cylinder compound engines that were built to the Von Borries principles and were the only compound locomotives of this design to serve in Southern Africa. The other two, numbers 7 and 8, were two-cylinder simple-expansion (simplex) engines.^[3]^[2]

A second batch of thirteen locomotives was delivered from the same manufacturer between 1907 and 1910, built between 1907 and 1909 and numbered in the ranges from 9 to 18 and 20 to 21. They were all two-cylinder simplex locomotives, identical to the last two of the first batch. Both versions of the type were equipped with dust shields over the driving wheels and valve gear to protect the moving parts from blown sand in the Namib desert.^[3]^[2]

A final two locomotives of the same type were delivered, both built in 1910. Their engine numbers are not known.^[3]

Two-cylinder compound expansion

In a compound locomotive steam is expanded in phases. After being expanded in a high pressure cylinder and having then lost pressure and given up part of its heat, it is exhausted into a larger volume low pressure cylinder for secondary expansion, after which it is exhausted through the smokebox. By comparison, in the more usual arrangement of simple expansion, steam is expanded just once in any one cylinder before being exhausted through the smokebox.^[4]

A two-cylinder compound expansion locomotive using the "Von Borries" system of compounding has one high pressure and one low pressure cylinder.^[5]

Service

Lüderitzbucht Eisenbahn

The locomotives were placed in service on the line between Lüderitzbucht and Keetmanshoop and on the lines from the latter north to Windhoek and south to Warmbad. Since the radius of operation of a tank locomotive is limited by the capacity of its small on-board coal bunker, these locomotives often ran with an auxiliary tender coupled to them to extend their range.^[1]

South African Railways

During the German South West African campaign in World War I the territory, including the railways, was taken over by the South African military. On 1 April 1922 all railways in the former German colony came under the administration of the South African Railways (SAR). Five of the simplex locomotives still survived to be taken onto the SAR roster, amongst them numbers 10, 18, 20 and 21. They retained their German colonial era engine numbers and were not classified by the SAR, but were referred to as the Eight-Coupled Tanks.^[1]^[2]

The Eight-Coupled Tanks remained in SAR service in South West Africa into the late 1930s.^[1]

Works numbers

The works numbers, year built, engine numbers and known disposition of the Eight Coupled Tanks are shown in the table.^[3]

**Ex DSWA Eight Coupled Tanks**
Works no.	Year	DSWA no.	1922
1870	1906	1
1871	1906	2
1872	1906	3
1873	1906	4
1874	1906	5
1875	1906	6
2069	1906	7
2070	1906	8
2356	1907	9
2357	1907	10	SAR
2358	1907	11
2359	1907	12
2360	1907	13
2361	1907	14
2731	1908	15
2732	1908	16
2733	1908	17
2734	1908	18	SAR
3182	1908	20	SAR
3183	1909	21	SAR
3184	1909	22
4198	1910
4199	1910

Illustration

The main and the following pictures serve to illustrate the Eight-coupled tank from both sides.

Eight-coupled tank at Seeheim during the official opening of the Lüderitz Railway
Eight-coupled tank on the North-South Railway south of Windhoek
Eight-coupled tanks sabotaged by retreating German forces in World War I

References

1 2 3 4 Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. p. 99, 149. ISBN 0869772112.
1 2 3 4 Dulez, Jean A. (2012). Railways of Southern Africa 150 Years (Commemorating One Hundred and Fifty Years of Railways on the Sub-Continent - Complete Motive Power Classifications and Famous Trains - 1860-2011) (1st ed.). Garden View, Johannesburg, South Africa: Vidrail Productions. p. 35. ISBN 9 780620 512282.
1 2 3 4 Lieferverzeichnis O and K Dampfloks
↑ Compounding Steam Engines
↑ Compound locomotive

Wikimedia Commons has media related to South African 8-coupled tank (2-8-0T).

Steam Locomotives of South West Africa

600mm gauge (Narrow gauge)	DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge

3' 6" gauge (Cape gauge)	DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0

List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London Harbour 0-4-0 Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0ST Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0T Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST 1902 CGR 0-6-0T 1876 Back-to-Back CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T 1875 CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T 1882 CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack CSAR Railmotor DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth Harbour 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR 0-4-0ST 1903 SAR 0-4-0T no. 69 SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Clayton Railmotor

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Beyer, Peacock CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT 1881 CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT 1875 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 Red Devil

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T 1871 Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Class Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Class Namaqua Copper Pioneer

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR NG 0-4-0T 1899 SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 35-800 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Thursday, November 05, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.