South African Class H2 4-8-2T

NGR Class C 4-8-2T
South African Class H2 4-8-2T

Class H2 no. 329 at Masons Mill, 29 March 1979
Ex NGR Class C 4-10-2T no. 157
Ex SAR Class H 4-10-2T no. 240

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Natal Government Railways (G.W. Reid)
Builder	Dübs and Company Natal Government Railways South African Railways
Serial number	Dübs 4047, 4060, 4063, 4117, 4271, 4273, 4315, 4325
Model	NGR Reid Tenwheeler
Build date	c. 1909-1912
Total produced	8

Specifications
Configuration	4-8-2T (Mountain)
Driver	2nd coupled axle
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Leading dia.	25 ³⁄₄ inches (650 mm)
Coupled dia.	45 inches (1,100 mm)
Trailing dia.	25 ³⁄₄ inches (650 mm)
Minimum curve	300 ft (91 m) radius
Wheelbase	30 ft 6 in (9,296 mm)
• Leading	5 ft 4 in (1,626 mm)
• Coupled	12 ft 6 in (3,810 mm)
Length:
• Over couplers	37 ft 6 in (11,430 mm)
Height	12 ft 6 in (3,810 mm)
Axle load	13 LT (13,210 kg)
• Leading	10 LT 4 cwt 2 qtr (10,390 kg)
• Coupled	13 LT (13,210 kg)
• Trailing	6 LT (6,096 kg)
Adhesive weight	52 LT (52,830 kg)
Loco weight	68 LT (69,090 kg)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	4 LT (4.1 t)
Water cap	1,880 imp gal (8,550 l)
Firebox type	Round-top
• Firegrate area	21 sq ft (2.0 m²)
Boiler:
• Pitch	6 ft 10 in (2,083 mm)
• Diameter	4 ft 7 ⁷⁄₈ in (1,419 mm)
• Tube plates	10 ft 4 in (3,150 mm)
• Small tubes	287: 1 ³⁄₄ in (44 mm)
Boiler pressure	175 psi (1,207 kPa)
Safety valve	Ramsbottom
Heating surface	1,494 sq ft (138.8 m²)
• Tubes	1,359 sq ft (126.3 m²)
• Firebox	135 sq ft (12.5 m²)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	19 in (483 mm) bore 27 in (686 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Allan
Couplers	Bell link-and-pin AAR knuckle (1950s)

Performance figures
Tractive effort	28,430 lbf (126.5 kN) @ 75%

Career
Operators	Natal Government Railways South African Railways
Class	NGR Class C, SAR Class H2
Number in class	8
Numbers	NGR 170, 173, 175, 217 & 240 SAR 227-231, 329-331
Delivered	c. 1909-1912
First run	1909
Withdrawn	1977

The leading coupled axle had flangeless wheels

The South African Railways Class H2 4-8-2T of 1909 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Natal Colony.

Between 1899 and 1903, the Natal Government Railways placed 101 4-10-2T tank steam locomotives in service. By 1910, five of them had been converted to a 4-8-2T wheel arrangement and in 1912, when the South African Railways classification and renumbering of locomotives took place, these five were designated Class H2.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Origin

G.W. Reid

The requirement for a tank locomotive which could haul at least one and a half times as much as a Dübs A 4-8-2T locomotive on the mainline of the Natal Government Railways (NGR), resulted in the design of a 4-10-2T tank locomotive by NGR Locomotive Superintendent G.W. Reid. Altogether 101 of these locomotives were built by Dübs and Company and North British Locomotive Company, delivered between 1899 and 1903 and numbered in the range from 149 to 249.^[1]^[3]^[4]

On the NGR, the locomotive type became known as the Reid Tenwheeler, until a classification system was introduced in 1905 or 1906 and they were designated the NGR Class C.^[1]^[3]^[5]^[6]

Modification

When the Reid Tenwheelers began to be withdrawn from mainline service and placed in branchline and shunting service, where smaller radius curves were encountered, it was found that the ten-coupled wheelbase was prone to derailment in many goods yards. By the end of 1908, these locomotives were all still shown on the NGR roster as 4-10-2T locomotives, but from c. 1909, some of them were gradually converted to a 4-8-2T wheel arrangement by removing the fifth set of drivers and blanking off the resulting opening in the frame.^[3]^[5]

South African Railways

When the Union of South Africa was established on 31 May 1910, the three Colonial government railways (Cape Government Railways, NGR and Central South African Railways) were united under a single administration to control and administer the railways, ports and harbours of the Union. Although the South African Railways and Harbours came into existence in 1910, the actual classification and renumbering of all the rolling stock of the three constituent railways required careful planning and was only implemented with effect from 1 January 1912.^[2]^[7]^[8]

By 1912, five locomotives had already been modified to a 4-8-2T wheel arrangement. These were NGR numbers 170, 173, 175, 217 and 240, all built by Dübs between 1901 and 1903. They were designated Class H2 and were renumbered in the range from 227 to 231 on the South African Railways (SAR) roster.^[2]^[3]^[9]

Of the remaining 96 unmodified 4-10-2T Reid Tenwheelers, three had already been scrapped by 1912. The rest were designated Class H and were renumbered in the range from 232 to 324 on the SAR roster.^[1]^[2]

After 1912, these Class H locomotives were gradually also modified to a 4-8-2T wheel arrangement. The first three to be modified after being rostered in SAR service, numbers 240, 294 and 305, were reclassified to Class H2 as well and were renumbered once again, to 329, 330 and 331 respectively. The rest retained their Class H numbers after modification.^[1]

Service

The Class H2 was employed extensively in shunting service in many parts of the country, together with the Class H1. Because of their light axle loading, the last ones to remain in service were retained for use on the Bluff in Durban until 1977.^[3]

Works numbers

The builders, works numbers and renumbering of the eight Class H2 locomotives are listed in the table.^[1]

Class H2 4-8-2T
Builders, works numbers and renumbering
Year	Builder	Works no.	NGR no.	Class H no.	Class H2 no.
1901	Dübs	4060	170		227
1901	Dübs	4063	173		228
1902	Dübs	4117	175		229
1902	Dübs	4271	217		230
1903	Dübs	4325	240		231
1901	Dübs	4047	157	240	329
1902	Dübs	4273	219	294	330
1903	Dübs	4315	230	305	331

Illustration

The main picture shows the retired Class H2 no. 329, ex NGR no. 157, one of the first three Reid Tenwheelers to be modified to a 4-8-2T Class H2 after having originally being taken onto the SAR roster as an unmodified 4-10-2T Class H, no. 240. It was earmarked for preservation and photographed on 29 March 1979, staged at Masons Mill in Pietermaritzburg.

Class H2 4-8-2T, ex NGR Class C 4-8-2T modified Reid Tenwheeler, c. 1950
Class H2 no. 330 at the Outeniqua Transport Museum, 15 April 2013
Class H2 no. 330 at the Outeniqua Transport Museum, 15 April 2013

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 1: 1859-1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 92–95, 123–124. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
1 2 3 4 Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer's Office, Pretoria, January 1912, pp. 7, 11, 13, 23 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)
1 2 3 4 5 6 Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 10–11, 31–33. ISBN 0869772112.
↑ Durrant, A E (1989). Twilight of South African Steam (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, London: David & Charles. p. 15. ISBN 0715386387.
1 2 The Railway Report for year ending 31 Dec. 1908, Natal Government Railways, p. 39, par 14.
↑ The Railway Report for year ending 31 December 1906, Natal Government Railways.
↑ The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, p. 25.
↑ South African Railways and Harbours Locomotive Diagram Book, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge Steam Locomotives, 15 August 1941, pp21 & 21A, as amended
↑ Holland, D.F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to South African Class H2 (4-8-2T).

Locomotives of Natal

4' 8½" gauge	Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge	Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert NGR Class A 1905 NGR Class A 1910 NGR Class B 4-8-0 1904 NGR Class B 4-8-0 1910 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1906 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1909 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1910 NGR Class C 4-8-2T NGR Class C 4-10-2T NGR Class D NGR Class E NGR Class F NGR Class G NGR Class H 4-6-2T NGR Class H 4-6-4T NGR Class I 2-6-0 NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NGR Class L 4-8-0 NGR Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Havelock NGR Mallet 1909 NGR Mallet 1910

2' gauge	NGR Class N 1906 NGR Class N 1907 NGR Class N 1911

List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London Harbour 0-4-0 Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0ST Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0T Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST 1902 CGR 0-6-0T 1876 Back-to-Back CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T 1875 CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T 1882 CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack CSAR Railmotor DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth Harbour 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 13 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR 0-4-0ST 1903 SAR 0-4-0T no. 69 SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Clayton

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Beyer, Peacock CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT 1881 CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT 1875 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT Joy 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C 1st SAR Class 14C 2nd SAR Class 14C 3rd SAR Class 14C 4th SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 SAR Katanga

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T 1871 Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR Dutton SAR NG 0-4-0T 1899 SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Gas-electric

Gas-electric

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 35-800 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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