South African Class ES

Class ES shunting locomotive, circa 1936

Type and origin
Power type	Electric
Designer	South African Railways
Builder	South African Railways Werkspoor Metropolitan-Vickers Swiss Locomotive & Machine Works
Serial number	See table
Model	SAR ES
Build date	1936-1964
Total produced	2 Series 1, 1935 10 Series 2, 1938 10 Series 3, 1951 4 industrial, 1952 & 1957 2 Series 4, 1964
Rebuilder	South African Railways
Rebuild date	1964
Number rebuilt	Two ex Class 1E

Specifications
UIC class	Bo-Bo
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Bogies	2,819 mm (9 ft 2.98 in) wheelbase
Wheel diameter	1,219 mm (47.99 in)
Minimum curve	91.45 m (300 ft)
Wheelbase	9,423 mm (30 ft 10.98 in)
Length	13,310 mm (43 ft 8.02 in)
Width	2,800 mm (9 ft 2.24 in)
Height	Roof: Series 1 & 2: 3,478 mm (11 ft 4.93 in) Series 3 & 4: 3,618 mm (11 ft 10.44 in) Pantograph (down): Series 1 & 2: 3,859 mm (12 ft 7.93 in) Series 3 & 4: 4,026 mm (13 ft 2.50 in)
Frame	6,604 mm (21 ft 8.00 in) between bogie pivot centres
Axle load	17,018 kg (16.7 long tons)
Loco weight	68,075 kg (67 long tons)
Current collection	Single pantograph
Traction motors	Four MV 182R
Transmission	17/75 gear ratio
Train brakes	Air & Vacuum

Performance figures
Maximum speed	40 km/h (25 mph)
Power output	224 kW (300 hp) 1 hour per motor 896 kW (1,202 hp) 1 hour total
Tractive effort	176 kN (40,000 lbf) starting 94 kN (21,000 lbf) 1 hour 73 kN (16,000 lbf) continuous

Career
Operators	South African Railways Driefontein GM
Class	Class ES
Power class	3 kV DC
Number in class	28
Numbers	SAR: E500 & E501 (ex E96 & E97) E503-E512 (ex E124-E133 E515-E526 Dries: 1-4
Nicknames	Studebaker
Delivered	1936-1964
First run	1936

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The South African Railways Class ES of 1936 is an electric locomotive.

In 1936 the South African Railways built two Class ES centre-cab electric shunting locomotives with a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement, based on the Class 1E mainline electric locomotive. Between then and 1964, more were acquired until a total of twenty-four Class ES locomotives were eventually in service. Four more were built new for industry in 1952 and 1957.^[1]^[2]

Manufacturers

In 1935 a design for a centre-cab electric shunting locomotive, based on the South African Class 1E mainline locomotive that was originally designed by Metropolitan-Vickers (Metrovick), was prepared by A.G. Watson, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the South African Railways (SAR) from 1929 to 1936.^[3]^[4]

For the South African Railways

The first two Class ES locomotives were built new in the Pietermaritzburg shops of the SAR. These two were initially numbered E96 and E97, but they were later renumbered to E500 and E501. They entered service in 1936 as South Africa's first purpose-built electric shunting locomotives.^[3]

Over the next twenty-eight years more of these locomotives were built and by 1964 twenty-four Class ES locomotives had been placed in service by the SAR. As can be expected in a locomotive type that was built over a period of almost three decades, there are differences in exterior appearance between locomotives.

Two batches of ten were built by the Nederlandsche Fabriek van Werktuigen en Spoorwegmaterieel (Werkspoor).
- Series 2, numbers E124 to E133, were delivered in 1937 and were later renumbered in the range from E503 to E512.
- Series 3, numbers E515 to E524, were delivered in 1951.^[2]
Series 4, numbers E525 and E526, the last two, were rebuilt from Class 1E locomotives in the SAR shops in 1964.
- No. E525 was rebuilt from Class 1E, Series 4 no. E114, originally built by Metrovick.
- No. E526 was rebuilt from Class 1E, Series 5 no. E146, originally built by Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (SLM).^[2]^[3]

For Driefontein gold mine

In 1952 two Class ES locomotives were built new for the Driefontein Consolidated Gold Mine (Dries) by Werkspoor, numbered 1 and 2. Another two were delivered new to the mine in 1957, numbered 3 and 4, also built by Werkspoor.^[2]

Service

The "S" in the locomotive’s class designation identifies it as a shunting locomotive, designed for and usually limited to yard work.^[1]

Cab interior of Driefontein no. 1

With a maximum safe speed of 40 kilometres per hour (25 miles per hour), they ran on an overhead power supply of 3 kV DC, the highest direct current overhead voltage in use at the time they were placed in service. Their traction motors, connected in series on each bogie, operated on 1.5 kV DC.^[3]^[5]

Although the class ES was initially largely confined to service in Natal, members of the class became quite common working on the Western Transvaal System in later years, mainly being employed around the Witwatersrand. Beginning in 1983, they were eventually replaced by the Class 8E, also a centre-cab shunting locomotive.^[3]

Works numbers

The builders, works numbers, years built and renumberings of the Class ES are shown in the table below.^[2]

**Class ES locomotive**
Series	Builder	Works no.	Year	Old no.	New no.	Notes
1	SAR		1935	E96	E500
1	SAR		1935	E97	E501
2	Werkspoor	737	1937	E124	E503
2	Werkspoor	738	1937	E125	E504
2	Werkspoor	739	1937	E126	E505
2	Werkspoor	740	1937	E127	E506
2	Werkspoor	741	1937	E128	E507
2	Werkspoor	742	1937	E129	E508
2	Werkspoor	743	1937	E130	E509
2	Werkspoor	744	1937	E131	E510
2	Werkspoor	745	1937	E132	E511
2	Werkspoor	746	1937	E133	E512
3	Werkspoor	913	1951		E515
3	Werkspoor	914	1951		E516
3	Werkspoor	915	1951		E517
3	Werkspoor	916	1951		E518
3	Werkspoor	917	1951		E519
3	Werkspoor	918	1951		E520
3	Werkspoor	919	1951		E521
3	Werkspoor	920	1951		E522
3	Werkspoor	921	1951		E523
3	Werkspoor	922	1951		E524
3	Werkspoor	923	1952		1	Dries GM
3	Werkspoor	924	1952		2	Dries GM
3	Werkspoor	1053	1957		3	Dries GM
3	Werkspoor	1054	1957		4	Dries GM
4	Metrovick		1964	E114	E525	1E rebuilt
4	SLM	3662	1964	E146	E526	1E rebuilt

Illustration

The main picture shows one of the first Class ES locomotives to be built, circa 1936. Until the 1960s they had a bottle green livery with red buffer beams. Some of the liveries that were applied to Class ES locomotives are illustrated in the pictures below.

Series 1 no. E97, later renumbered to no. E501, circa 1936
Series 3 no. E518 staged at Danskraal, 5 December 2010
Driefontein Consolidated Ltd. no. 1, 21 January 2009

References

1 2 South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
1 2 3 4 5 Middleton, John N. (2002). Railways of Southern Africa Locomotive Guide - 2002 (as amended by Combined Amendment List 4, January 2009) (2nd, Dec 2002 ed.). Herts, England: Beyer-Garratt Publications. pp. 51, 63.
1 2 3 4 5 Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 134–135. ISBN 0869772112.
↑ "Natal Contract to British". Electric Railway Journal 61: 107. 13 January 1923. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
↑ SETS - SAR Class 1E Electric Locomotives

Wikimedia Commons has media related to South African Class ES.

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London Harbour 0-4-0 Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0ST Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0T Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST 1902 CGR 0-6-0T 1876 Back-to-Back CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T 1875 CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T 1882 CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack CSAR Railmotor DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth Harbour 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR 0-4-0ST 1903 SAR 0-4-0T no. 69 SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Clayton Railmotor

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Beyer, Peacock CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT 1881 CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT 1875 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 Red Devil

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T 1871 Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Class Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Class Namaqua Copper Pioneer

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR NG 0-4-0T 1899 SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 35-800 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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