BEST2

Bestrophin 2

Identifiers

BEST2 ; VMD2L1

External IDs

OMIM: 607335 MGI: 2387588 HomoloGene: 41187 GeneCards: BEST2 Gene

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• molecular_function • chloride channel activity
Cellular component	• plasma membrane • cilium • chloride channel complex
Biological process	• sensory perception of smell • biological_process • membrane depolarization • chloride transmembrane transport
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 19:
12.75 – 12.76 Mb

Chr 8:
85.01 – 85.01 Mb

PubMed search

Bestrophin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BEST2 gene.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Function

This gene is a member of the bestrophin gene family of anion channels. Bestrophin genes share a similar gene structure with highly conserved exon-intron boundaries, but with distinct 3' ends. Bestrophins are transmembrane proteins that contain a homologous region rich in aromatic residues, including an invariant arg-phe-pro motif. Mutation in one of the family members (bestrophin 1) is associated with vitelliform macular dystrophy. The bestrophin 2 gene is mainly expressed in the non-pigmented ciliary epithelium and colon.^[4]^[3]

References

↑ Stohr H, Marquardt A, Nanda I, Schmid M, Weber BH (May 2002). "Three novel human VMD2-like genes are members of the evolutionary highly conserved RFP-TM family". Eur J Hum Genet 10 (4): 281–284. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200796. PMID 12032738.
↑ Pifferi S, Pascarella G, Boccaccio A, Mazzatenta A, Gustincich S, Menini A, Zucchelli S (Aug 2006). "Bestrophin-2 is a candidate calcium-activated chloride channel involved in olfactory transduction". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 (34): 12929–12934. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604505103. PMC 1568948. PMID 16912113.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: BEST2 bestrophin 2".
↑ Marmorstein AD, Cross HE, Peachey NS (May 2009). "Functional roles of bestrophins in ocular epithelia". Prog Retin Eye Res 28 (3): 206–226. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.04.004. PMC 2740978. PMID 19398034.

Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–45. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
Tsunenari T, Sun H, Williams J, et al. (2003). "Structure-function analysis of the bestrophin family of anion channels". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (42): 41114–41125. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306150200. PMC 2885917. PMID 12907679.
Sun H, Tsunenari T, Yau KW, Nathans J (2002). "The vitelliform macular dystrophy protein defines a new family of chloride channels". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (6): 4008–4013. doi:10.1073/pnas.052692999. PMC 122639. PMID 11904445.
Marquardt A, Stöhr H, Passmore LA, et al. (1998). "Mutations in a novel gene, VMD2, encoding a protein of unknown properties cause juvenile-onset vitelliform macular dystrophy (Best's disease)". Hum. Mol. Genet. 7 (9): 1517–1525. doi:10.1093/hmg/7.9.1517. PMID 9700209.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–156. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–174. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.

Membrane transport protein: ion channels (TC 1A)

Ca²⁺: Calcium channel

Ligand-gated	Inositol trisphosphate receptor 1 2 3 Ryanodine receptor 1 2 3

Voltage-gated	L-type/Ca_vα 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 N-type/Ca_vα2.2 P-type/Ca_vα 2.1 Q-type/Ca_vα2.1 R-type/Ca_vα2.3 T-type/Ca_vα 3.1 3.2 3.3 α₂δ-subunits 1 2 β-subunits β1 β2 β3 β4 γ-subunits γ1 γ2 γ3 γ4 Cation channels of sperm 1 2 3 4 Two-pore channel 1 2

Na⁺: Sodium channel

Constitutively active	Epithelial sodium channel α β γ δ

Proton-gated	Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 1 2 3 4

Voltage-gated	Na_vα 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 7A Na_vβ 1 2 3 4

K⁺: Potassium channel

Calcium-activated	BK channel α1 β1 β2 β3 β4 SK channel SK1 SK2 SK3 IK channel IK1 K_Ca 1.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.1 4.1 4.2 5.1

Inward-rectifier	K_ATP K_ir 1.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 GIRK/K_ir 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 K_ir 4.1 4.2 5.1 6.1 6.2 7.1

Tandem pore domain	K2P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 12 13 15 16 17 18

Voltage-gated	K_vα1-6 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 K_vα7-12 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.1 8.2 9.1 9.2 9.3 10.1 10.2 11.1/hERG 11.2 11.3 12.1 12.2 12.3 K_vβ 1 2 3 KCNIP 1 2 3 4 minK/ISK minK/ISK-like MiRP 1 2 3 Shaker gene

Miscellaneous

Cl⁻: Chloride channel	Calcium-activated chloride channels Anoctamin ANO1 Bestrophin 1 2 Chloride Channel Accessory 1 2 3 4 CFTR CLCN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KA KB CLIC 1 2 3 4 5 6 L1 CLNS 1A 1B

H⁺: Proton channel	HVCN1

M⁺: CNG cation channel	α 1 2 3 4 β 1 2 3 HCN FC 1 2 3 4

M⁺: TRP cation channel	TRPA (1) TRPC 1 2 3 4 4AP 5 6 7 TRPM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TRPML 1 2 3 TRPN TRPP 1 2 TRPV 1 2 3 4 5 6

H₂O (+ solutes): Porin	Aquaporin 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 2 3 General bacterial porin family

Cytoplasm: Gap junction	Connexin: A GJA1 GJA3 GJA4 GJA5 GJA8 GJA9 GJA10 B GJB1 GJB2 GJB3 GJB4 GJB5 GJB6 GJB7 C GJC1 GJC2 GJC3 D GJD2 GJD3 GJD4) Innexin

By gating mechanism

Ion channel class	Ligand-gated Light-gated Voltage-gated Stretch-activated

see also disorders

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BEST2

Function

References

Further reading