Thyrotropin receptor

Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor

Rendering based on PDB 1XUM​.
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
Identifiers
Symbols TSHR ; CHNG1; LGR3; hTSHR-I
External IDs OMIM: 603372 MGI: 98849 HomoloGene: 315 IUPHAR: 255 ChEMBL: 1963 GeneCards: TSHR Gene
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 7253 22095
Ensembl ENSG00000165409 ENSMUSG00000020963
UniProt P16473 P47750
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000369 NM_001113404
RefSeq (protein) NP_000360 NP_001106875
Location (UCSC) Chr 14:
80.95 – 81.15 Mb		 Chr 12:
91.4 – 91.54 Mb
PubMed search

The thyrotropin receptor (or TSH receptor) is a receptor (and associated protein) that responds to thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as "thyrotropin") and stimulates the production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The TSH receptor is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily of integral membrane proteins[1] and is coupled to the Gs protein.[2]

It is primarily found on the surface of the thyroid epithelial cells.

Function

Upon binding circulating thyrotropin, a G-protein signal cascade activates adenylyl cyclase and intercellular levels of cAMP rise. cAMP activates all functional aspects of the thyroid cell, including iodine pumping; thyroglobulin synthesis, iodination, endocytosis and proteolysis; thyroid peroxidase activity; and hormone release.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Farid NR, Szkudlinski MW (Sep 2004). "Minireview: structural and functional evolution of the thyrotropin receptor". Endocrinology 145 (9): 4048–57. doi:10.1210/en.2004-0437. PMID 15231707.
  2. ↑ Calebiro D, Nikolaev VO, Lohse MJ (Jul 2010). "Imaging of persistent cAMP signaling by internalized G protein-coupled receptors". Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 45 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1677/JME-10-0014. PMID 20378719.

Further reading

  • Führer D, Wonerow P, Willgerodt H, Paschke R (Dec 1997). "Identification of a new thyrotropin receptor germline mutation (Leu629Phe) in a family with neonatal onset of autosomal dominant nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 82 (12): 4234–8. doi:10.1210/jc.82.12.4234. PMID 9398746. 
  • Farid NR, Kascur V, Balazs C (Jul 2000). "The human thyrotropin receptor is highly mutable: a review of gain-of-function mutations". European Journal of Endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies 143 (1): 25–30. doi:10.1530/eje.0.1430025. PMID 10870027. 
  • Szkudlinski MW, Fremont V, Ronin C, Weintraub BD (Apr 2002). "Thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor structure-function relationships". Physiological Reviews 82 (2): 473–502. doi:10.1152/physrev.00031.2001. PMID 11917095. 
  • Tonacchera M, Vitti P, De Servi M, Agretti P, De Marco G, Chiovato L, Pinchera A (2004). "Gain of function TSH receptor mutations and iodine deficiency: implications in iodine prophylaxis". Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 26 (2 Suppl): 2–6. PMID 12762632. 
  • Arturi F, Scarpelli D, Coco A, Sacco R, Bruno R, Filetti S, Russo D (Apr 2003). "Thyrotropin receptor mutations and thyroid hyperfunctioning adenomas ten years after their first discovery: unresolved questions". Thyroid 13 (4): 341–3. doi:10.1089/105072503321669811. PMID 12804102. 
  • Vaidya B, Campbell V, Tripp JH, Spyer G, Hattersley AT, Ellard S (Jun 2004). "Premature birth and low birth weight associated with nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism due to an activating thyrotropin receptor gene mutation". Clinical Endocrinology 60 (6): 711–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02040.x. PMID 15163335. 
  • Takeshita A, Nagayama Y, Fujiyama K, Yokoyama N, Namba H, Yamashita S, Izumi M, Nagataki S (Nov 1992). "Molecular cloning and sequencing of an alternatively spliced form of the human thyrotropin receptor transcript". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 188 (3): 1214–9. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)91360-3. PMID 1445355. 
  • Graves PN, Tomer Y, Davies TF (Sep 1992). "Cloning and sequencing of a 1.3 KB variant of human thyrotropin receptor mRNA lacking the transmembrane domain". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 187 (2): 1135–43. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)91315-H. PMID 1530609. 
  • Loosfelt H, Pichon C, Jolivet A, Misrahi M, Caillou B, Jamous M, Vannier B, Milgrom E (May 1992). "Two-subunit structure of the human thyrotropin receptor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89 (9): 3765–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.9.3765. PMC 525571. PMID 1570295. 
  • Nagayama Y, Russo D, Wadsworth HL, Chazenbalk GD, Rapoport B (Aug 1991). "Eleven amino acids (Lys-201 to Lys-211) and 9 amino acids (Gly-222 to Leu-230) in the human thyrotropin receptor are involved in ligand binding". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 266 (23): 14926–30. PMID 1651314. 
  • Murakami M, Mori M (Aug 1990). "Identification of immunogenic regions in human thyrotropin receptor for immunoglobulin G of patients with Graves' disease". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 171 (1): 512–8. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(90)91423-P. PMID 1697467. 
  • Heldin NE, Gustavsson B, Westermark K, Westermark B (Dec 1991). "A somatic point mutation in a putative ligand binding domain of the TSH receptor in a patient with autoimmune hyperthyroidism". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 73 (6): 1374–6. doi:10.1210/jcem-73-6-1374. PMID 1955520. 
  • Libert F, Passage E, Lefort A, Vassart G, Mattei MG (1991). "Localization of human thyrotropin receptor gene to chromosome region 14q3 by in situ hybridization". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 54 (1-2): 82–3. doi:10.1159/000132964. PMID 2249482. 
  • Frazier AL, Robbins LS, Stork PJ, Sprengel R, Segaloff DL, Cone RD (Aug 1990). "Isolation of TSH and LH/CG receptor cDNAs from human thyroid: regulation by tissue specific splicing". Molecular Endocrinology 4 (8): 1264–76. doi:10.1210/mend-4-8-1264. PMID 2293030. 
  • Misrahi M, Loosfelt H, Atger M, Sar S, Guiochon-Mantel A, Milgrom E (Jan 1990). "Cloning, sequencing and expression of human TSH receptor". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 166 (1): 394–403. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(90)91958-U. PMID 2302212. 
  • Nagayama Y, Kaufman KD, Seto P, Rapoport B (Dec 1989). "Molecular cloning, sequence and functional expression of the cDNA for the human thyrotropin receptor". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 165 (3): 1184–90. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(89)92727-7. PMID 2558651. 
  • Libert F, Lefort A, Gerard C, Parmentier M, Perret J, Ludgate M, Dumont JE, Vassart G (Dec 1989). "Cloning, sequencing and expression of the human thyrotropin (TSH) receptor: evidence for binding of autoantibodies". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 165 (3): 1250–5. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(89)92736-8. PMID 2610690. 
  • Cuddihy RM, Bryant WP, Bahn RS (Aug 1995). "Normal function in vivo of a homozygotic polymorphism in the human thyrotropin receptor". Thyroid 5 (4): 255–7. doi:10.1089/thy.1995.5.255. PMID 7488864. 
  • Bahn RS, Dutton CM, Heufelder AE, Sarkar G (Feb 1994). "A genomic point mutation in the extracellular domain of the thyrotropin receptor in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 78 (2): 256–60. doi:10.1210/jc.78.2.256. PMID 7508946. 
  • Sunthornthepvarakui T, Gottschalk ME, Hayashi Y, Refetoff S (Jan 1995). "Brief report: resistance to thyrotropin caused by mutations in the thyrotropin-receptor gene". The New England Journal of Medicine 332 (3): 155–60. doi:10.1056/NEJM199501193320305. PMID 7528344. 

External links

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