NT5E

5'-nucleotidase, ecto (CD73)
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 4H1S​, 4H1Y​, 4H2B​, 4H2F​, 4H2G​, 4H2I​
Identifiers
Symbols	NT5E ; CALJA; CD73; E5NT; NT; NT5; NTE; eN; eNT
External IDs	OMIM: 129190 MGI: 99782 HomoloGene: 1895 ChEMBL: 5957 GeneCards: NT5E Gene
EC number	3.1.3.5
Gene ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • ferrous iron binding • 5'-nucleotidase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • plasma membrane • cell surface • membrane • anchored component of membrane • extracellular exosome • synaptic membrane Biological process • purine nucleobase metabolic process • purine nucleotide biosynthetic process • purine nucleotide catabolic process • AMP catabolic process • pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process • DNA metabolic process • protein dephosphorylation • leukocyte cell-cell adhesion • brain development • response to aluminum ion • small molecule metabolic process • adenosine biosynthetic process • pyrimidine nucleoside catabolic process • positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process • negative regulation of inflammatory response • nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4907	23959
Ensembl	ENSG00000135318	ENSMUSG00000032420
UniProt	P21589	Q61503
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001204813	NM_011851
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001191742	NP_035981
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 85.45 – 85.5 Mb	Chr 9: 88.33 – 88.37 Mb
PubMed search

5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT), also known as ecto-5'-nucleotidase or CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NT5E gene.^[1] CD73 commonly serves to convert AMP to adenosine.

Function

Ecto-5-prime-nucleotidase (5-prime-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase; EC 3.1.3.5) catalyzes the conversion at neutral pH of purine 5-prime mononucleotides to nucleosides, the preferred substrate being AMP. The enzyme consists of a dimer of 2 identical 70-kD subunits bound by a glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol linkage to the external face of the plasma membrane. The enzyme is used as a marker of lymphocyte differentiation. Consequently, a deficiency of NT5 occurs in a variety of immunodeficiency diseases (e.g., see MIM 102700, MIM 300300). Other forms of 5-prime nucleotidase exist in the cytoplasm and lysosomes and can be distinguished from ecto-NT5 by their substrate affinities, requirement for divalent magnesium ion, activation by ATP, and inhibition by inorganic phosphate.^[2] Rare allelic variants are associated with a syndrome of adult-onset calcification of joints and arteries (CALJA) affecting the iliac, femoral, and tibial arteries reducing circulation in the legs and the joints of the hands and feet causing pain.^[3][4][5]

See also

• Cluster of differentiation

References

1. Misumi Y, Ogata S, Ohkubo K, Hirose S, Ikehara Y (August 1990). "Primary structure of human placental 5'-nucleotidase and identification of the glycolipid anchor in the mature form". Eur. J. Biochem. 191 (3): 563–9. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19158.x. PMID 2129526.
2. "Entrez Gene: NT5E 5'-nucleotidase, ecto (CD73)".
3. St. Hilaire, Cynthia; Ziegler, Shira G.; Markello, Thomas C.; Brusco, Alfredo; Groden, Catherine; Gill, Fred; Carlson-Donohoe, Hannah; Lederman, Robert J.; Chen, Marcus Y.; Yang, Dan; Siegenthaler, Michael P.; Arduino, Carlo; Mancini, Cecilia; Freudenthal, Bernard; Stanescu, Horia C.; Zdebik, Anselm A.; Chaganti, R. Krishna; Nussbaum, Robert L.; Kleta, Robert; Gahl, William A.; Boehm, Manfred (2011). "NT5EMutations and Arterial Calcifications". New England Journal of Medicine 364 (5): 432–442. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0912923. ISSN 0028-4793.
4. Sharp, J. (March 1954). "Heredo-familial vascular and articular calcification". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 13 (1): 15–27. doi:10.1136/ard.13.1.15. PMC 1030367. PMID 13149051.
5. Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 211800

Further reading

• Resta R, Thompson LF (1997). "T cell signalling through CD73.". Cell. Signal. 9 (2): 131–9. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(96)00132-5. PMID 9113412.
• Kirchhoff C, Hale G (1997). "Cell-to-cell transfer of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins during sperm maturation.". Mol. Hum. Reprod. 2 (3): 177–84. doi:10.1093/molehr/2.3.177. PMID 9238677.
• Resta R, Yamashita Y, Thompson LF (1998). "Ecto-enzyme and signaling functions of lymphocyte CD73.". Immunol. Rev. 161: 95–109. doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.1998.tb01574.x. PMID 9553767.
• Rosi F, Carlucci F, Marinello E, Tabucchi A (2002). "Ecto-5'-nucleotidase in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.". Biomed. Pharmacother. 56 (2): 100–4. doi:10.1016/S0753-3322(01)00072-5. PMID 12000134.
• Babiychuk EB, Draeger A (2006). "Regulation of ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity via Ca2+-dependent, annexin 2-mediated membrane rearrangement?". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34 (Pt 3): 374–6. doi:10.1042/BST0340374. PMID 16709165.
• Stefanovic V, Mandel P, Rosenberg A (1976). "Ecto-5'-nucleotidase of intact cultured C6 rat glioma cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 251 (13): 3900–5. PMID 819433.
• Thomson LF, Ruedi JM, Glass A, et al. (1990). "Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored lymphocyte differentiation antigen ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73).". Tissue Antigens 35 (1): 9–19. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1990.tb01750.x. PMID 2137649.
• Klemens MR, Sherman WR, Holmberg NJ, et al. (1990). "Characterization of soluble vs membrane-bound human placental 5'-nucleotidase.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 172 (3): 1371–7. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(90)91601-N. PMID 2173922.
• Boyle JM, Hey Y, Guerts van Kessel A, Fox M (1989). "Assignment of ecto-5'-nucleotidase to human chromosome 6.". Hum. Genet. 81 (1): 88–92. doi:10.1007/BF00283737. PMID 2848759.
• Vlahović P, Stefanović V (1995). "Effect of dopamine on ecto-5'-nucleotidase expression in human glomerular mesangial cells.". Archives internationales de physiologie, de biochimie et de biophysique 102 (3): 171–3. PMID 8000038.
• Hansen KR, Resta R, Webb CF, Thompson LF (1996). "Isolation and characterization of the promoter of the human 5'-nucleotidase (CD73)-encoding gene.". Gene 167 (1-2): 307–12. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(95)00574-9. PMID 8566797.
• Airas L, Jalkanen S (1996). "CD73 mediates adhesion of B cells to follicular dendritic cells.". Blood 88 (5): 1755–64. PMID 8781432.
• Airas L, Niemelä J, Salmi M, et al. (1997). "Differential regulation and function of CD73, a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked 70-kD adhesion molecule, on lymphocytes and endothelial cells.". J. Cell Biol. 136 (2): 421–31. doi:10.1083/jcb.136.2.421. PMC 2134816. PMID 9015312.
• Strohmeier GR, Lencer WI, Patapoff TW, et al. (1997). "Surface expression, polarization, and functional significance of CD73 in human intestinal epithelia.". J. Clin. Invest. 99 (11): 2588–601. doi:10.1172/JCI119447. PMC 508104. PMID 9169488.
• Aumüller G, Renneberg H, Schiemann PJ, et al. (1998). "The role of apocrine released proteins in the post-testicular regulation of human sperm function.". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 424: 193–219. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5913-9_39. PMID 9361795.
• Rosi F, Agostinho AB, Carlucci F, et al. (1998). "Behaviour of human lymphocytic isoenzymes of 5'-nucleotidase.". Life Sci. 62 (25): 2257–66. doi:10.1016/S0024-3205(98)00206-9. PMID 9651114.

External links

• NT5E protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.