VCAM-1

"CD106" redirects here. For the radio station formerly known as "CD106 the Wolf", see WNCD.

Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1

PDB rendering based on 1ij9.

Available structures

Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB

List of PDB id codes
1IJ9, 1VCA, 1VSC

Identifiers

Symbols

VCAM1 ; CD106; INCAM-100

External IDs

OMIM: 192225 MGI: 98926 HomoloGene: 838 ChEMBL: 3735 GeneCards: VCAM1 Gene

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• integrin binding • primary amine oxidase activity • cell adhesion molecule binding
Cellular component	• podosome • extracellular space • early endosome • endoplasmic reticulum • Golgi apparatus • plasma membrane • microvillus • external side of plasma membrane • cell surface • integral component of membrane • filopodium • apical part of cell • extracellular exosome • alpha9-beta1 integrin-vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 complex
Biological process	• cell adhesion • heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules • leukocyte cell-cell adhesion • cell-matrix adhesion • amine metabolic process • viral process • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • membrane to membrane docking • B cell differentiation • extracellular matrix organization • calcium-mediated signaling using intracellular calcium source • positive regulation of T cell proliferation • regulation of immune response • leukocyte tethering or rolling • oxidation-reduction process • interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1:
100.72 – 100.74 Mb

Chr 3:
116.11 – 116.13 Mb

PubMed search

Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 also known as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) or cluster of differentiation 106 (CD106) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VCAM1 gene.^[1] VCAM-1 functions as a cell adhesion molecule.

Structure

The VCAM-1 gene contains six or seven immunoglobulin domains, and is expressed on both large and small blood vessels only after the endothelial cells are stimulated by cytokines. It is alternatively spliced into two known RNA transcripts that encode different isoforms in humans.^[2] The gene product is a cell surface sialoglycoprotein, a type I membrane protein that is a member of the Ig superfamily.

Function

The VCAM-1 protein mediates the adhesion of lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils to vascular endothelium. It also functions in leukocyte-endothelial cell signal transduction, and it may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Upregulation of VCAM-1 in endothelial cells by cytokines occurs as a result of increased gene transcription (e.g., in response to Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1 (IL-1)) and through stabilization of Messenger RNA (mRNA) (e.g., Interleukin-4 (IL-4)). The promoter region of the VCAM-1 gene contains functional tandem NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) sites. The sustained expression of VCAM-1 lasts over 24 hours.

Primarily, the VCAM-1 protein is an endothelial ligand for VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen-4 or integrin α4β1) of the β1 subfamily of integrins. VCAM-1 expression has also been observed in other cell types (e.g., smooth muscle cells). It has also been shown to interact with EZR^[3] and Moesin.^[3]

Pharmacology

Certain melanoma cells can use VCAM-1 to adhere to the endothelium,^[4] and VCAM-1 may participate in monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic sites. As a result, VCAM-1 is a potential drug target.

References

↑ Cybulsky M, Fries JW, Williams AJ, Sultan P, Eddy RL, Byers MG, Shows TB, Gimbrone MA Jr, Collins T (1991). "The human VCAM1 gene is assigned to chromosome 1p31-p32". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 58: 1852. doi:10.1159/000133735.
↑ "Entrez Gene: VCAM1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1".
1 2 Barreiro O, Yanez-Mo M, Serrador JM, Montoya MC, Vicente-Manzanares M, Tejedor R, Furthmayr H, Sanchez-Madrid F (Jun 2002). "Dynamic interaction of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 with moesin and ezrin in a novel endothelial docking structure for adherent leukocytes". J. Cell Biol. 157 (7): 1233–45. doi:10.1083/jcb.200112126. PMC 2173557. PMID 12082081.
↑ Eibl RH and Benoit M (2004). "Molecular resolution of cell adhesion forces.". IEE Proc Nanobiotechnol. 151 (3): 128–32. doi:10.1049/ip-nbt:20040707. PMID 16475855.

External links

VCAM-1 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

PDB gallery

1ij9: Highly Hydrated Human VCAM-1 Fragment

1vca: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF AN INTEGRIN-BINDING FRAGMENT OF VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE-1 AT 1.8 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION

1vsc: VCAM-1

Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)

1-50	CD1 a-c 1A 1D 1E CD2 CD3 γ δ ε CD4 CD5 CD6 CD7 CD8 a CD9 CD10 CD11 a b c d CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 A B CD18 CD19 CD20 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD26 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30 CD31 CD32 A B CD33 CD34 CD35 CD36 CD37 CD38 CD39 CD40 CD41 CD42 a b c d CD43 CD44 CD45 CD46 CD47 CD48 CD49 a b c d e f CD50

51-100	CD51 CD52 CD53 CD54 CD55 CD56 CD57 CD58 CD59 CD61 CD62 E L P CD63 CD64 A B C CD66 a b c d e f CD68 CD69 CD70 CD71 CD72 CD73 CD74 CD78 CD79 a b CD80 CD81 CD82 CD83 CD84 CD85 a d e h j k CD86 CD87 CD88 CD89 CD90 CD91 - CD92 CD93 CD94 CD95 CD96 CD97 CD98 CD99 CD100

101-150	CD101 CD102 CD103 CD104 CD105 CD106 CD107 a b CD108 CD109 CD110 CD111 CD112 CD113 CD114 CD115 CD116 CD117 CD118 CD119 CD120 a b CD121 a b CD122 CD123 CD124 CD125 CD126 CD127 CD129 CD130 CD131 CD132 CD133 CD134 CD135 CD136 CD137 CD138 CD140b CD141 CD142 CD143 CD144 CD146 CD147 CD148 CD150

151-200	CD151 CD152 CD153 CD154 CD155 CD156 a b c CD157 CD158 (a d e i k) CD159 a c CD160 CD161 CD162 CD163 CD164 CD166 CD167 a b CD168 CD169 CD170 CD171 CD172 a b g CD174 CD177 CD178 CD179 a b CD180 CD181 CD182 CD183 CD184 CD185 CD186 CD191 CD192 CD193 CD194 CD195 CD196 CD197 CDw198 CDw199 CD200

201-250	CD201 CD202b CD204 CD205 CD206 CD207 CD208 CD209 CDw210 a b CD212 CD213a 1 2 CD217 CD218 (a b) CD220 CD221 CD222 CD223 CD224 CD225 CD226 CD227 CD228 CD229 CD230 CD233 CD234 CD235 a b CD236 CD238 CD239 CD240CE CD240D CD241 CD243 CD244 CD246 CD247 - CD248 CD249

251-300	CD252 CD253 CD254 CD256 CD257 CD258 CD261 CD262 CD263 CD264 CD265 CD266 CD267 CD268 CD269 CD271 CD272 CD273 CD274 CD275 CD276 CD278 CD279 CD280 CD281 CD282 CD283 CD284 CD286 CD288 CD289 CD290 CD292 CDw293 CD294 CD295 CD297 CD298 CD299

301-350	CD300A CD301 CD302 CD303 CD304 CD305 CD306 CD307 CD309 CD312 CD314 CD315 CD316 CD317 CD318 CD320 CD321 CD322 CD324 CD325 CD326 CD328 CD329 CD331 CD332 CD333 CD334 CD335 CD336 CD337 CD338 CD339 CD340 CD344 CD349 CD350

Membrane proteins: cell adhesion molecules

Calcium-independent

IgSF CAM	N-CAM (Myelin protein zero) ICAM (1, 5) VCAM-1 PE-CAM L1-CAM Nectin (PVRL1, PVRL2, PVRL3)

Calcium-dependent

Cadherins

Classical	CDH1 CDH2 CDH3

Desmosomal	Desmoglein (DSG1, DSG2, DSG3, DSG4) Desmocollin (DSC1, DSC2, DSC3)

Protocadherin	PCDH1 PCDH15

Unconventional/ungrouped	T-cadherin CDH4 CDH5 CDH6 CDH8 CDH11 CDH12 CDH15 CDH16 CDH17 CDH9 CDH10

Selectins

Integrins

Other

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