South African type MP1 tender

Type MP1 tender on SAR Class 15A, c. 1930

Type and origin
Locomotive	Class 12, Class 12A, Class 12B, Class 14, Class 14A, Class 14B, Class 15, Class 15A, Class 16, Class 16A, Class 16B, Class 16C, Class 20, Class MC1, Class MH, Class MJ
Designer	South African Railways (D.A. Hendrie)
Builder	Baldwin Locomotive Works Beyer, Peacock and Company Henschel & Son J.A. Maffei North British Locomotive Company Robert Stephenson and Company Vulcan Foundry
In service	1912-1925

Specifications
Configuration	2-axle bogies
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Length	25 ft 10 ³⁄₈ in (7,884 mm) no. 1494-1519, 1746-1760 25 ft 10 ³⁄₄ in (7,893 mm) all others
Wheel dia.	34 in (864 mm)
Wheelbase	16 ft 9 in (5,105 mm)
• Bogie	4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm)
Axle load	13 LT 15 cwt (13,970 kg)
• Front bogie	27 LT 10 cwt (27,940 kg)
• Rear bogie	23 LT 11 cwt (23,930 kg)
Weight empty	49,452 lb (22,431 kg)
Weight w/o	51 LT 1 cwt (51,870 kg)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel cap.	10 LT (10.2 t)
Water cap.	4,250 imp gal (19,300 l)
Stoking	Manual
Couplers	Drawbar & Bell link-and-pin Drawbar & AAR knuckle (1950s)

Career
Operators	South African Railways
Numbers	SAR 790-841, 851-852, 1494-1550, 1561-1595, 1634-1648, 1651-1665, 1674-1681, 1701-1760, 1781-1828, 1839-1878, 1901-1921, 1931-1970, 2011-2025, 2080-2100, 2103-2138

Main article: South African steam locomotive tenders

The South African type MP1 tender was a steam locomotive tender.

The Type MP1 tender first entered service in 1912, as tenders to the Class 12 4-8-2 Mountain type steam locomotives which were acquired by the South African Railways in that year.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Manufacturers

Type MP1 tenders were built between 1912 and 1925 by Baldwin Locomotive Works, Beyer, Peacock and Company, Henschel & Son, J.A. Maffei, North British Locomotive Company, Robert Stephenson and Company and Vulcan Foundry.^[1]

The South African Railways (SAR) placed 46 Class 12 Mountain type locomotives in service between 1912 and 1921. The locomotive and tender were designed by D.A. Hendrie, who had been appointed as the first Chief Mechanical Engineer of the SAR upon its inception in 1910. The Class 12 was the first locomotive design to originate from the newly established SAR and was acquired to haul coal between Germiston and Witbank.^[1]^[2]^[3]

The Type MP1 first entered service as tenders to these locomotives. They were the first of a standard tender type which, by fitting an engine drawbar to suit the class of engine to which it is coupled, was eventually to be used on all the Hendrie-designed locomotives.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Classification

Since many tender types are interchangeable between different locomotive classes and types, a tender classification system was adopted by the South African Railways (SAR) and these tenders were designated Type MP1.^[1]^[3]

Sixteen locomotive classes, built by seven manufacturers, were delivered new with Type MP1 tenders, which were numbered for their engines in the number blocks as shown. An oval number plate, bearing the engine number and tender type, was attached to the rear end of the tender.^[1]^[3]

1912: Class 12, numbers 1494 to 1519 and 1859 to 1878.^[3]
1913: Class 14, numbers 1701 to 1745.
1913: Class MC1, numbers 1634 to 1648.
1914: Class 14A, numbers 1576 to 1595 and 1901 to 1921.
1914: Class 14B, numbers 1746 to 1760.^[3]
1914: Class 15, numbers 1561 to 1570.
1914: Class 15A, numbers 1571 to 1575, 1781 to 1828, 1839 to 1858, 1961 to 1970, 2011 to 2025 and 2080 to 2100.
1914: Class 16, numbers 790 to 801.
1914: Class MJ, numbers 1651 to 1660 and 1674 to 1681.
1915: Class 16A, numbers 851 and 852.
1915: Class MH, numbers 1661 to 1665.
1917: Class 16B, numbers 802 to 811.
1919: Class 12A, numbers 1520 to 1550 and 2103 to 2138.
1919: Class 16C, numbers 812 to 841.
1920: Class 12B, numbers 1931 to 1960.
1935: Class 20, with an inherited tender.

Letter codes

The first letter of the tender type indicates the classes of engines to which it can be coupled. The "M_" tenders could be used with the locomotive classes as shown below, although engine drawbars and intermediate emergency chains had to be replaced or adjusted to suit the target locomotive in some cases.^[3]

Class 12, Class 12A and Class 12B.
Class 14, Class 14A and Class 14B.
Class 15 and Class 15A.
Class 16, Class 16A, Class 16B and Class 16C.
Class 19, Class 19A, Class 19B, Class 19C and Class 19D.
Class 20.
Class 24.
Class MC1, Class MH and Class MJ.
Class S2.

The second letter indicates the tender's water capacity. The "_P" tenders had a capacity of 4,250 imperial gallons (19,300 litres).^[3]

A number, when added after the letter code, indicates differences between similar tender types, such as wheelbase or coal bunker capacity.^[3]

Modifications and rebuilding

Modifications

Most of these tenders were modified by shortening and raising the sides of the coal bunker, in effect making the coal at the rear of the bunker more easily accessible to the stoker and apparently without affecting the tender's coal capacity. The modification was done to drawings approved by Chief Mechanical Engineer A.G. Watson in 1929, in respect of Type MP1 tenders of the Classes 12, 12A, 12B, 14, 14A, 14B, 15, 15A, 16, 16A, 16B and 16C. The new bunker was referred to as self-trimming.^[3]^[5]

At some stage, probably after its engine was withdrawn from service c. 1937, the intermediate draw and buffing gear of tender no. 1634, off a Class MC1 Mallet locomotive, was altered to suit Class 10 Pacific no. 746. This modification converted no. 1634, modified with a self-trimming coal bunker, to the sole Type XP1 tender.^[3]

Rebuilding

In the 1930s, some of the Type MP1 tenders were rebuilt by the SAR, by mounting a completely new upper structure on the existing underframe. These rebuilt tenders had a more modern appearance, with smooth sides all the way to the top. The new tank increased the water capacity from 4,250 to 4,600 imperial gallons (19,300 to 20,900 litres) and these rebuilt tenders were reclassified to Type MR.^[2]^[3]

Modified Type MP1 on Class 14R, 23 April 1979
Modified Type MP1 on Class 16CR, 26 April 2013
Modified Type XP1 no. 1634 on Class 4AR, c. 1961
Rebuilt Type MR on Class 12R, 31 March 1979

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 Holland, D.F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 20–21. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.
1 2 3 4 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. p. 44.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte, Steam Locomotives/Stoomlokomotiewe. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 6a-7a, 45.
↑ Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 51–52. ISBN 0869772112.
↑ SAR&H Mechanical Department. Alteration of Tender to Self Trimming Coal Bunker Type - Class 12, 12A, 12B, 14, 14A, 14B, 15, 15A, 16, 16A, 16B, 16C. SAR Mechanical Department Drawing Office, Drawing L-6780/1, 7 April 1929.

South African steam locomotive tenders

Cape gauge	Type LP Type MP1 Type MR Type SH Type SK Type TJ Type TL Type TM Type WE Type WG Type XC Type XC1 Type XD Type XE Type XE1 Type XF Type XF2 Type XJ Type XM Type XM1 Type XM2 Type XM3 Type XM4 Type XP1 Type XS Type YB Type YC Type YE Type YE1 Type ZA Type ZB Type ZC Type ZE

List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London Harbour 0-4-0 Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0ST Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0T Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST 1902 CGR 0-6-0T 1876 Back-to-Back CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T 1875 CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T 1882 CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack CSAR Railmotor DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth Harbour 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 13 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR 0-4-0ST 1903 SAR 0-4-0T no. 69 SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Clayton

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Beyer, Peacock CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT 1881 CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT 1875 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT Joy 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C 1st SAR Class 14C 2nd SAR Class 14C 3rd SAR Class 14C 4th SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 SAR Katanga

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T 1871 Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR Dutton SAR NG 0-4-0T 1899 SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Gas-electric

Gas-electric

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 35-800 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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