South African type TM tender

South African type TM tender
South African type XM1 tender

Type TM tender on SAR Class 3B

Type and origin
Locomotive	NGR Class B of 1909 SAR Class 3B SAR Class MC
Designer	Natal Government Railways (D.A. Hendrie)
Builder	North British Locomotive Company
In service	1910-1912
Rebuilder	South African Railways
Rebuild date	c. 1930
Rebuilt to	Type TL

Specifications
Configuration	2-axle bogies
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Length	24 ft 2 ⁷⁄₈ in (7,388 mm)
Wheel dia.	30 in (762 mm)
Wheelbase	16 ft 6 in (5,029 mm)
• Bogie	4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm)
Axle load	10 LT 18 cwt (11,070 kg)
• Front bogie	21 LT 14 cwt (22,050 kg)
• Rear bogie	21 LT 16 cwt (22,150 kg)
Weight empty	38,960 lb (17,670 kg)
Weight w/o	43 LT 10 cwt (44,200 kg)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel cap.	8 LT 5 cwt (8.4 t)
Water cap.	4,000 imp gal (18,200 l)
Stoking	Manual
Couplers	Drawbar & Bell link-and-pin Drawbar & AAR knuckle (1950s)

Career
Operators	Natal Government Railways South African Railways
Numbers	SAR 1451-1475, 1479-1488, 1607-1616

Main article: South African steam locomotive tenders

The South African type TM tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Natal Colony.

The Type TM tender first entered service in 1910, as tenders to a second batch of 25 Class B 4-8-2 Mountain type steam locomotives which were ordered by the Natal Government Railways in that year. These locomotives were designated Class 3 on the South African Railways in 1912.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Manufacturers

Type TM tenders were built between 1910 and 1912 by the North British Locomotive Company (NBL).^[1]^[4]

The Natal Government Railways (NGR) placed its second batch of 25 Class B Mountain type locomotives in service in 1911. The locomotive and tender were designed by NGR Locomotive Superintendent D.A. Hendrie and built by NBL. Known as the Hendrie D, but officially designated Class B on the NGR, it was the first true Mountain type locomotive in the word.^[1]^[2]^[3]

The Type TM first entered service as tenders to these 25 locomotives. More entered service on the South African Railways (SAR) in 1912, as tenders to the ten SAR Class 3B 4-8-2 Mountain type and ten SAR Class MC 2-6-6-0 Denver type Mallet locomotives. These locomotives were also built by NBL.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Classification

Since many tender types are interchangeable between different locomotive classes and types, a tender classification system was adopted by the SAR and these tenders were designated Type TM.^[1]^[3]^[4]^[6]

During the classification and renumbering of locomotives onto the SAR roster in 1912, no separate classification and renumbering list was published for tenders, which should also have been renumbered according to the locomotive renumbering list. In most cases, an oval number plate, bearing the engine number and tender type, was attached to the rear end of the tender. Three locomotive classes were delivered new with Type TM tenders, which were numbered or renumbered for their engines in the SAR number blocks as shown.^[1]^[3]^[4]^[6]

1910: NGR Class B 4-8-2 of 1909, SAR Class 3, numbers 1451 to 1475.
1912: SAR Class 3B, numbers 1479 to 1488.
1912: SAR Class MC, numbers 1607 to 1616.

Letter codes

The first letter of the tender type indicates the classes of engines to which it can be coupled. The "T_" tenders could be used with the locomotive classes as shown below, although engine drawbars had to be replaced to suit the target locomotive in some cases. To couple Type TM tenders off the Class MC to the Classes 3 and 3B, the engine drawbar had to be 6 feet 9 ³⁄₄ inches (2,076 millimetres) long, and a drawbar had to be fitted to suit to couple any Type TM tender to Class 1A engines.^[3]

The second letter indicates the tender's water capacity. The "_M" tenders had a capacity of 4,000 imperial gallons (18,200 litres).^[3]

A number, when added after the letter code, indicates differences between similar tender types, such as wheelbase or coal bunker capacity.^[3]

Modification and rebuilding

Modification

At some stage before 1941, the intermediate draw and buffing gear of two of the tenders, numbers 1607 and 1615 off Class MC Mallet locomotives, were altered to an "X_" tender configuration. These tenders were reclassified to Type XM1.^[3]

Rebuilding

Between 1912 and 1941, probably c. 1930, some Type TM tenders were rebuilt by the SAR, by mounting a completely new upper structure on the existing underframe. These rebuilt tenders were designated Type TL. The rebuilding resulted in a tender with a 100 imperial gallons (455 litres) smaller water tank and 10 long hundredweight (0.5 tonnes) larger coal bunker. The Type TL had a more modern appearance, with smooth sides all the way to the top.^[2]^[3]

References

1 2 3 4 5 Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 1: 1859-1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 102–104. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
1 2 3 4 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. p. 43.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte, Steam Locomotives/Stoomlokomotiewe. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 6a-7a, 44.
1 2 3 4 Holland, D.F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 20–22. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.
↑ Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 36, 85. ISBN 0869772112.
1 2 Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer’s Office, Pretoria, January 1912 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)

South African steam locomotive tenders

Cape gauge	Type LP Type MP1 Type MR Type SH Type SK Type TJ Type TL Type TM Type WE Type WG Type XC Type XC1 Type XD Type XE Type XE1 Type XF Type XF2 Type XJ Type XM Type XM1 Type XM2 Type XM3 Type XM4 Type XP1 Type XS Type YB Type YC Type YE Type YE1 Type ZA Type ZB Type ZC Type ZE

List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of Natal

4' 8½" gauge	Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge	Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert NGR Class A 1905 NGR Class A 1910 NGR Class B 4-8-0 1904 NGR Class B 4-8-0 1910 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1906 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1909 NGR Class B 4-8-2 1910 NGR Class C 4-8-2T NGR Class C 4-10-2T NGR Class D NGR Class E NGR Class F NGR Class G NGR Class H 4-6-2T NGR Class H 4-6-4T NGR Class I 2-6-0 NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NGR Class L 4-8-0 NGR Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Havelock NGR Mallet 1909 NGR Mallet 1910

2' gauge	NGR Class N 1906 NGR Class N 1907 NGR Class N 1911

List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London Harbour 0-4-0 Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0ST Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0T Table Bay Harbour 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST 1902 CGR 0-6-0T 1876 Back-to-Back CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T 1875 CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T 1882 CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack CSAR Railmotor DSWA Eight-Coupled Tank 2-8-0T Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth Harbour 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 13 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR 0-4-0ST 1903 SAR 0-4-0T no. 69 SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Clayton

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Beyer, Peacock CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT 1881 CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT 1875 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT Joy 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 DSWA Eight-Coupled Tender 2-8-0 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C 1st SAR Class 14C 2nd SAR Class 14C 3rd SAR Class 14C 4th SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 SAR Katanga

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T 1871 Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T DSWA Class Ha DSWA Class Hb DSWA Class Hc DSWA Class Hd DSWA Jung DSWA Zwillinge NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR Dutton SAR NG 0-4-0T 1899 SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Gas-electric

Gas-electric

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 35-800 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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