South African type XE1 tender

South African type XE1 tender

Type XE1 tender on CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 of 1904
Type and origin
♠ 6 long tons coal capacity
9 long tons coal capacity
10 long tons coal capacity
Locomotive GGR 8th Class of 1902 (2nd)
CGR 8th Class of 1903
CGR 8th Class of 1904
CGR 8th Class Experimental
CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 of 1903
CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 of 1904
CGR 9th Class of 1903
Designer Cape Government Railways
(H.M. Beatty)
Builder Kitson and Company
Neilson, Reid and Company
North British Locomotive Co.
In service 1902-1904
Specifications
Configuration 2-axle bogies
Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Length 22 ft 1 58 in (6,747 mm)
Wheel dia. 33 12 in (851 mm) as built
34 in (864 mm) retyred
Wheelbase 14 ft 7 in (4,445 mm)
  Bogie 4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm)
Axle load ♠ 9 LT 4 cwt 1 qtr (9,360 kg) av.
9 LT 8 cwt (9,551 kg)
  Front bogie 17 LT 13 cwt (17,930 kg)
  Rear bogie 18 LT 16 cwt (19,100 kg)
Weight empty 42,234 lb (19,157 kg)
Weight w/o ♠ 36 LT 18 cwt (37,490 kg)
36 LT 9 cwt (37,030 kg)
Fuel type Coal
Fuel cap. ♠ 6 LT (6.1 t)
9 LT (9.1 t)
10 LT (10.2 t)
Water cap. 2,855 imp gal (13,000 l)
Stoking Manual
Couplers Drawbar & Bell link-and-pin
Drawbar & AAR knuckle (1950s)
Career
Operators Cape Government Railways
South African Railways
Numbers ♠ SAR 910-911
SAR 896-899
SAR 900-907, 1072-1081, 1192-1243

The South African type XE1 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

The Type XE1 tender first entered service in 1902, as tenders to the second batch of ten 8th Class 4-8-0 Mastodon type steam locomotives which were acquired by the Cape Government Railways in that year. These locomotives were designated Class 8 on the South African Railways in 1912.[1][2][3]

Manufacturers

Type XE1 tenders were built between 1901 and 1904 by Kitson and Company, Neilson, Reid and Company and North British Locomotive Company.[1][2][3]

The 8th Class locomotive and tender were designed in 1901 by H.M. Beatty, the Chief Locomotive Superintendent of the Cape Government Railways (CGR), at the Salt River works in Cape Town. The Type XE1 first entered service in 1902, as tender to the second batch of ten out of altogether 23 8th Class 4-8-0 Mastodon type locomotives which were built for the CGR by Neilson, Reid and Company. These locomotives were designated Class 8 on the South African Railways (SAR) in 1912.[1][2][3]

Until 1904, Type XE1 tenders were also delivered as tenders to six more locomotive types of the CGR, three more 8th Class Mastodon types in 1903 and 1904, of which one was experimental, two 8th Class 2-8-0 Consolidation types in 1903 and 1904, and the 9th Class 2-8-2 Mikado type in 1903.[1][2][3]

Classification

Since many tender types are interchangeable between different locomotive classes and types, a tender classification system was adopted by the SAR and these tenders were designated Type XE1.[1][3][4]

Type XE1 number plate

In the SAR years, tenders were numbered for the engines they were delivered with. In most cases, an oval number plate, bearing the engine number and tender type, would be attached to the rear end of the tender. During the classification and renumbering of locomotives onto the SAR roster in 1912, no separate classification and renumbering list was published for tenders, which should have been renumbered according to the locomotive renumbering list.[4]

Seven locomotive classes were delivered new with Type XE1 tenders, built by three manufacturers. Bearing in mind that tenders could and did migrate between engines, the tenders should have been numbered in the SAR number blocks as shown.[2][3][4]

Letter codes

The first letter of the tender type indicates the classes of engines to which it can be coupled. The "X_" tenders could be used with the following locomotive classes:[3]

The second letter indicates the tender's water capacity. The "_E" tenders had a capacity of between 2,800 and 2,855 imperial gallons (12,700 and 13,000 litres).[3]

A number, when added after the letter code, indicates differences between similar tender types, such as wheelbase or coal bunker capacity.[3]

Modification and rebuilding

Modification

Pictures of most of these locomotives in service show them with tenders with built-up sides to the coal bunker, to increase the coal capacity. Early versions of the built-up coal bunker sides were in the form of a slatted open-top cage, made of rectangular steel rods. Later versions were constructed of sheet-metal. In the second example depicted, a Type XE1 tender with a sheet-metal extended coal bunker is plinthed with CGR 6th Class no. 356, an engine which is suited for Type "Y_", not Type "X_" tenders.[2][3]

Rebuilding

Between 1912 and 1941, probably c. 1930, some of the Type XE1 tenders were completely rebuilt by the SAR, by mounting a completely new upper structure on the existing underframe. These rebuilt tenders had a more modern appearance, with smooth sides all the way to the top. The new tank increased the water capacity from 2,855 to 3,000 imperial gallons (13,000 to 13,600 litres) and these tenders were reclassified to Type XF.[2][3]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 1: 1859-1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 61–69. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. p. 43.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte, Steam Locomotives/Stoomlokomotiewe. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 6a-7a, 43.
  4. 1 2 3 Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer’s Office, Pretoria, January 1912 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)
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