BACH2

BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper transcription factor 2
Crystal structure of the human Bach2 BTB/POZ domain dimer. PDB entry 3ohu[1]
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 3OHU​, 3OHV​
Identifiers
Symbols	BACH2 ; BTBD25
External IDs	OMIM: 605394 HomoloGene: 7240 GeneCards: BACH2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding • transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription, DNA-templated Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	60468	12014
Ensembl	ENSG00000112182	ENSMUSG00000040270
UniProt	Q9BYV9	P97303
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001170794	NM_001109661
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001164265	NP_001103131
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 89.93 – 90.3 Mb	Chr 4: 32.24 – 32.59 Mb
PubMed search

Transcription regulator protein BACH2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BACH2 gene.^[2][3][4] It contains a BTB/POZ domain at its N-terminus which forms a disulphide-linked dimer ^[5] and a bZip_Maf domain at the C-terminus.

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of BACH2 function. A conditional knockout mouse line called Bach2^{tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi} was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.^[6] Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen^[7] to determine the effects of deletion.^{[8][9][10][11]} Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping^[12] - in-depth bone and cartilage phenotyping^[13]

Bach2 knockout mouse phenotype

Characteristic	Phenotype
All data available at.[7][12]
Peripheral blood leukocytes 6 Weeks	Abnormal
Haematology 6 Weeks	Abnormal
Insulin	Normal
Homozygous viability at P14	Normal
Homozygous Fertility	Normal
Body weight	Normal
Neurological assessment	Normal
Grip strength	Normal
Dysmorphology	Normal
Indirect calorimetry	Normal
Glucose tolerance test	Abnormal
Auditory brainstem response	Normal
DEXA	Abnormal
Radiography	Normal
Eye morphology	Normal
Clinical chemistry	Normal
Haematology 16 Weeks	Normal
Peripheral blood leukocytes 16 Weeks	Abnormal
Heart weight	Normal
Salmonella infection	Normal
Cytotoxic T Cell Function	Abnormal
Spleen Immunophenotyping	Abnormal
Mesenteric Lymph Node Immunophenotyping	Normal
Bone Marrow Immunophenotyping	Normal
Epidermal Immune Composition	Abnormal
Influenza Challenge	Normal
Trichuris Challenge	Normal

References

1. Rosbrook, G. O.; Stead, M. A.; Carr, S. B.; Wright, S. C. (2011). "The structure of the Bach2 POZ-domain dimer reveals an intersubunit disulfide bond". Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 68 (Pt 1): 26–34. doi:10.1107/S0907444911048335. PMID 22194330.
2. Sasaki S, Ito E, Toki T, Maekawa T, Kanezaki R, Umenai T, Muto A, Nagai H, Kinoshita T, Yamamoto M, Inazawa J, Taketo MM, Nakahata T, Igarashi K, Yokoyama M (Aug 2000). "Cloning and expression of human B cell-specific transcription factor BACH2 mapped to chromosome 6q15". Oncogene 19 (33): 3739–49. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203716. PMID 10949928.
3. Kamio T, Toki T, Kanezaki R, Sasaki S, Tandai S, Terui K, Ikebe D, Igarashi K, Ito E (Nov 2003). "B-cell-specific transcription factor BACH2 modifies the cytotoxic effects of anticancer drugs". Blood 102 (9): 3317–22. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-12-3656. PMID 12829606.
4. "Entrez Gene: BACH2 BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper transcription factor 2".
5. Rosbrook GO, Stead MA, Carr SB, Wright SC (Jan 2012). "The structure of the Bach2 POZ-domain dimer reveals an intersubunit disulfide bond". Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography 68 (Pt 1): 26–34. doi:10.1107/S0907444911048335. PMID 22194330.
6. Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
7. "International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium".
8. Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
9. Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
10. Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
11. White JK, Gerdin AK, Karp NA, Ryder E, Buljan M, Bussell JN, Salisbury J, Clare S, Ingham NJ, Podrini C, Houghton R, Estabel J, Bottomley JR, Melvin DG, Sunter D, Adams NC, Tannahill D, Logan DW, Macarthur DG, Flint J, Mahajan VB, Tsang SH, Smyth I, Watt FM, Skarnes WC, Dougan G, Adams DJ, Ramirez-Solis R, Bradley A, Steel KP (Jul 2013). "Genome-wide generation and systematic phenotyping of knockout mice reveals new roles for many genes". Cell 154 (2): 452–64. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.022. PMC 3717207. PMID 23870131.
12. "Infection and Immunity Immunophenotyping (3i) Consortium".
13. "OBCD Consortium".

Further reading

• Oyake T, Itoh K, Motohashi H, Hayashi N, Hoshino H, Nishizawa M, Yamamoto M, Igarashi K (Nov 1996). "Bach proteins belong to a novel family of BTB-basic leucine zipper transcription factors that interact with MafK and regulate transcription through the NF-E2 site". Molecular and Cellular Biology 16 (11): 6083–95. doi:10.1128/mcb.16.11.6083. PMC 231611. PMID 8887638.
• Kobayashi A, Yamagiwa H, Hoshino H, Muto A, Sato K, Morita M, Hayashi N, Yamamoto M, Igarashi K (Mar 2000). "A combinatorial code for gene expression generated by transcription factor Bach2 and MAZR (MAZ-related factor) through the BTB/POZ domain". Molecular and Cellular Biology 20 (5): 1733–46. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.5.1733-1746.2000. PMC 85356. PMID 10669750.
• Hoshino H, Kobayashi A, Yoshida M, Kudo N, Oyake T, Motohashi H, Hayashi N, Yamamoto M, Igarashi K (May 2000). "Oxidative stress abolishes leptomycin B-sensitive nuclear export of transcription repressor Bach2 that counteracts activation of Maf recognition element". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 (20): 15370–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.20.15370. PMID 10809773.
• Vieira SA, Deininger MW, Sorour A, Sinclair P, Foroni L, Goldman JM, Melo JV (Dec 2001). "Transcription factor BACH2 is transcriptionally regulated by the BCR/ABL oncogene". Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer 32 (4): 353–63. doi:10.1002/gcc.1200. PMID 11746976.
• Muto A, Tashiro S, Tsuchiya H, Kume A, Kanno M, Ito E, Yamamoto M, Igarashi K (Jun 2002). "Activation of Maf/AP-1 repressor Bach2 by oxidative stress promotes apoptosis and its interaction with promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (23): 20724–33. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112003200. PMID 11923289.
• Takakuwa T, Luo WJ, Ham MF, Sakane-Ishikawa F, Wada N, Aozasa K (Mar 2004). "Integration of Epstein-Barr virus into chromosome 6q15 of Burkitt lymphoma cell line (Raji) induces loss of BACH2 expression". The American Journal of Pathology 164 (3): 967–74. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63184-7. PMC 1614712. PMID 14982850.
• Tashiro S, Muto A, Tanimoto K, Tsuchiya H, Suzuki H, Hoshino H, Yoshida M, Walter J, Igarashi K (Apr 2004). "Repression of PML nuclear body-associated transcription by oxidative stress-activated Bach2". Molecular and Cellular Biology 24 (8): 3473–84. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.8.3473-3484.2004. PMC 381671. PMID 15060166.
• Motamed-Khorasani A, Jurisica I, Letarte M, Shaw PA, Parkes RK, Zhang X, Evangelou A, Rosen B, Murphy KJ, Brown TJ (Jan 2007). "Differentially androgen-modulated genes in ovarian epithelial cells from BRCA mutation carriers and control patients predict ovarian cancer survival and disease progression". Oncogene 26 (2): 198–214. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209773. PMID 16832351.
• Yoshida C, Yoshida F, Sears DE, Hart SM, Ikebe D, Muto A, Basu S, Igarashi K, Melo JV (Feb 2007). "Bcr-Abl signaling through the PI-3/S6 kinase pathway inhibits nuclear translocation of the transcription factor Bach2, which represses the antiapoptotic factor heme oxygenase-1". Blood 109 (3): 1211–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-12-040972. PMID 17018862.
• Ono A, Kono K, Ikebe D, Muto A, Sun J, Kobayashi M, Ueda K, Melo JV, Igarashi K, Tashiro S (Jan 2007). "Nuclear positioning of the BACH2 gene in BCR-ABL positive leukemic cells". Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer 46 (1): 67–74. doi:10.1002/gcc.20390. PMID 17044046.
• Ikeda T, Shibata J, Yoshimura K, Koito A, Matsushita S (Mar 2007). "Recurrent HIV-1 integration at the BACH2 locus in resting CD4+ T cell populations during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy". The Journal of Infectious Diseases 195 (5): 716–25. doi:10.1086/510915. PMID 17262715.
• Hoshino H, Nishino TG, Tashiro S, Miyazaki M, Ohmiya Y, Igarashi K, Horinouchi S, Yoshida M (May 2007). "Co-repressor SMRT and class II histone deacetylases promote Bach2 nuclear retention and formation of nuclear foci that are responsible for local transcriptional repression". Journal of Biochemistry 141 (5): 719–27. doi:10.1093/jb/mvm073. PMID 17383980.

External links

• BACH2 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.