ERV3

Endogenous retrovirus group 3, member 1
Identifiers
Symbols	ERV3-1 ; ERV-R; ERV3; ERVR; HERV-R; HERVR; envR
External IDs	OMIM: 131170 HomoloGene: 128310 GeneCards: ERV3-1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • molecular_function Cellular component • viral envelope • extracellular exosome Biological process • biological_process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2086	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000213462	n/a
UniProt	Q14264	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001007253	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001007254	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 7: 64.99 – 65.01 Mb	n/a
PubMed search		n/a

HERV-R_7q21.2 provirus ancestral Env polyprotein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERV3 gene.^[1][2][3]

The human genome includes many retroelements including the human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). ERV3, one of the most studied HERVs, is thought to have integrated 30 to 40 million years ago and is present in higher primates with the exception of gorillas. Taken together, the observation of genome conservation, the detection of transcript expression, and the presence of conserved ORFs is circumstantial evidence for a functional role. A functional role is also suggested by the observation that downregulation of ERV3 is reported in choriocarcinoma.^[3]

References

1. Kato N, Shimotohno K, VanLeeuwen D, Cohen M (Aug 1990). "Human proviral mRNAs down regulated in choriocarcinoma encode a zinc finger protein related to Kruppel". Mol Cell Biol 10 (8): 4401–5. PMC 361000. PMID 2115127.
2. O'Connell C, O'Brien S, Nash WG, Cohen M (Dec 1984). "ERV3, a full-length human endogenous provirus: chromosomal localization and evolutionary relationships". Virology 138 (2): 225–35. doi:10.1016/0042-6822(84)90347-7. PMID 6495650.
3. "Entrez Gene: ERV3 endogenous retroviral sequence 3 (includes zinc finger protein H-plk/HPF9)".

Further reading

• Sasaki T (1992). "[Integration and expression of human endogenous retrovirus]". Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 66 (6): 794–803. PMID 1783368.
• Kato N, Pfeifer-Ohlsson S, Kato M; et al. (1987). "Tissue-specific expression of human provirus ERV3 mRNA in human placenta: two of the three ERV3 mRNAs contain human cellular sequences.". J. Virol. 61 (7): 2182–91. PMC 254242. PMID 2884330.
• Kato N, Larsson E, Cohen M (1988). "Absence of expression of a human endogenous retrovirus is correlated with choriocarcinoma.". Int. J. Cancer 41 (3): 380–5. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910410310. PMID 3346101.
• Cohen M, Kato N, Larsson E (1988). "ERV3 human endogenous provirus mRNAs are expressed in normal and malignant tissues and cells, but not in choriocarcinoma tumor cells.". J. Cell. Biochem. 36 (2): 121–8. doi:10.1002/jcb.240360203. PMID 3356751.
• Cohen M, Powers M, O'Connell C, Kato N (1986). "The nucleotide sequence of the env gene from the human provirus ERV3 and isolation and characterization of an ERV3-specific cDNA.". Virology 147 (2): 449–58. doi:10.1016/0042-6822(85)90147-3. PMID 3840930.
• O'Connell CD, Cohen M (1985). "The long terminal repeat sequences of a novel human endogenous retrovirus.". Science 226 (4679): 1204–6. doi:10.1126/science.6505687. PMID 6505687.
• Venables PJ, Brookes SM, Griffiths D; et al. (1995). "Abundance of an endogenous retroviral envelope protein in placental trophoblasts suggests a biological function.". Virology 211 (2): 589–92. doi:10.1006/viro.1995.1442. PMID 7645262.
• Larsson E, Andersson AC, Nilsson BO (1995). "Expression of an endogenous retrovirus (ERV3 HERV-R) in human reproductive and embryonic tissues--evidence for a function for envelope gene products.". Ups. J. Med. Sci. 99 (2): 113–20. doi:10.3109/03009739409179354. PMID 7716822.
• Andersson AC, Merza M, Venables P; et al. (1996). "Elevated levels of the endogenous retrovirus ERV3 in human sebaceous glands.". J. Invest. Dermatol. 106 (1): 125–8. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12329612. PMID 8592062.
• Larsson E, Venables P, Andersson AC; et al. (1997). "Tissue and differentiation specific expression on the endogenous retrovirus ERV3 (HERV-R) in normal human tissues and during induced monocytic differentiation in the U-937 cell line.". Leukemia. 11 Suppl 3: 142–4. PMID 9209323.
• Sibata M, Ikeda H, Katumata K; et al. (1997). "Human endogenous retroviruses: expression in various organs in vivo and its regulation in vitro.". Leukemia. 11 Suppl 3: 145–6. PMID 9209324.
• Andersson AC, Svensson AC, Rolny C; et al. (2001). "Expression of human endogenous retrovirus ERV3 (HERV-R) mRNA in normal and neoplastic tissues.". Int. J. Oncol. 12 (2): 309–13. doi:10.3892/ijo.12.2.309. PMID 9458354.
• de Parseval N, Heidmann T (1998). "Physiological knockout of the envelope gene of the single-copy ERV-3 human endogenous retrovirus in a fraction of the Caucasian population.". J. Virol. 72 (4): 3442–5. PMC 109847. PMID 9525678.
• Rasmussen HB, Clausen J (1999). "Large number of polymorphic nucleotides and a termination codon in the env gene of the endogenous human retrovirus ERV3.". Dis. Markers 14 (3): 127–33. doi:10.1155/1998/958379. PMID 10427470.
• Lin L, Xu B, Rote NS (2000). "The cellular mechanism by which the human endogenous retrovirus ERV-3 env gene affects proliferation and differentiation in a human placental trophoblast model, BeWo.". Placenta 21 (1): 73–8. doi:10.1053/plac.1999.0443. PMID 10692254.
• Kim H, Crow TJ, Hyun BH (2000). "Assignment of the endogenous retrovirus HERV-R (ERV3) to human chromosome 7q11.2 by radiation hybrid mapping.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 89 (1–2): 10. doi:10.1159/000015579. PMID 10894926.
• Andersson AC, Venables PJ, Tönjes RR; et al. (2002). "Developmental expression of HERV-R (ERV3) and HERV-K in human tissue.". Virology 297 (2): 220–5. doi:10.1006/viro.2002.1428. PMID 12083821.
• Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA; et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.". Nature 424 (6945): 157–64. doi:10.1038/nature01782. PMID 12853948.

External links

• ERV3 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.