REL

V-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog
Identifiers
Symbols	REL ; C-Rel
External IDs	OMIM: 164910 MGI: 97897 HomoloGene: 2182 GeneCards: REL Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding • transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding • chromatin binding • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • protein binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • transcription factor complex • cytosol • I-kappaB/NF-kappaB complex Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • cytokine production • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • inflammatory response • I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling • negative regulation of gene expression • negative regulation of interferon-beta production • response to cytokine • NIK/NF-kappaB signaling • positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling • positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process • innate immune response • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • negative regulation of neuron death Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5966	19696
Ensembl	ENSG00000162924	ENSMUSG00000020275
UniProt	Q04864	P15307
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001291746	NM_009044
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001278675	NP_033070
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 60.88 – 60.93 Mb	Chr 11: 23.74 – 23.77 Mb
PubMed search

The proto-oncogene c-Rel is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REL gene.^[1] The c-Rel protein is a member of the NF-κB family of transcription factors and contains a Rel homology domain (RHD) at its N-terminus and two C-terminal transactivation domains. c-Rel has an important role in B-cell survival and proliferation. The REL gene is amplified or mutated in several human B-cell lymphomas, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma.^[2]

References

1. Ruben SM, Klement JF, Coleman TA, Maher M, Chen CH, Rosen CA (Jun 1992). "I-Rel: a novel rel-related protein that inhibits NF-kappa B transcriptional activity". Genes Dev 6 (5): 745–60. doi:10.1101/gad.6.5.745. PMID 1577270.
2. Gilmore TD, Kalaitzidis D, Liang MC, Starczynowski DT (March 2004). "The c-Rel transcription factor and B-cell proliferation: a deal with the devil". Oncogene 23 (13): 2275–86. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207410. PMID 14755244.

Further reading

• Rayet B, Gélinas C (2000). "Aberrant rel/nfkb genes and activity in human cancer.". Oncogene 18 (49): 6938–47. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203221. PMID 10602468.
• Kunsch C, Ruben SM, Rosen CA (1992). "Selection of optimal kappa B/Rel DNA-binding motifs: interaction of both subunits of NF-kappa B with DNA is required for transcriptional activation.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (10): 4412–21. PMC 360365. PMID 1406630.
• Neumann M, Tsapos K, Scheppler JA, et al. (1992). "Identification of complex formation between two intracellular tyrosine kinase substrates: human c-Rel and the p105 precursor of p50 NF-kappa B.". Oncogene 7 (11): 2095–104. PMID 1437141.
• Kochel T, Rice NR (1992). "v-rel- and c-rel-protein complexes bind to the NF-kappa B site in vitro.". Oncogene 7 (3): 567–72. PMID 1549370.
• Kumar S, Rabson AB, Gélinas C (1992). "The RxxRxRxxC motif conserved in all Rel/kappa B proteins is essential for the DNA-binding activity and redox regulation of the v-Rel oncoprotein.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (7): 3094–106. PMC 364524. PMID 1620118.
• Lu D, Thompson JD, Gorski GK, et al. (1991). "Alterations at the rel locus in human lymphoma.". Oncogene 6 (7): 1235–41. PMID 1650444.
• Muchardt C, Seeler JS, Nirula A, et al. (1992). "Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer function by PRDII-BF1 and c-rel gene products.". J. Virol. 66 (1): 244–50. PMC 238281. PMID 1727488.
• Hansen SK, Nerlov C, Zabel U, et al. (1992). "A novel complex between the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene.". EMBO J. 11 (1): 205–13. PMC 556441. PMID 1740106.
• Davis N, Ghosh S, Simmons DL, et al. (1991). "Rel-associated pp40: an inhibitor of the rel family of transcription factors.". Science 253 (5025): 1268–71. doi:10.1126/science.1891714. PMID 1891714.
• Lim MY, Davis N, Zhang JY, Bose HR (1990). "The v-rel oncogene product is complexed with cellular proteins including its proto-oncogene product and heat shock protein 70.". Virology 175 (1): 149–60. doi:10.1016/0042-6822(90)90195-W. PMID 2155506.
• Brownell E, Mittereder N, Rice NR (1989). "A human rel proto-oncogene cDNA containing an Alu fragment as a potential coding exon.". Oncogene 4 (7): 935–42. PMID 2666912.
• Brownell E, O'Brien SJ, Nash WG, Rice N (1986). "Genetic characterization of human c-rel sequences.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 5 (10): 2826–31. PMC 367021. PMID 3016517.
• Brownell E, Kozak CA, Fowle JR, et al. (1986). "Comparative genetic mapping of cellular rel sequences in man, mouse, and the domestic cat.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 39 (2): 194–202. PMC 1683919. PMID 3529946.
• John S, Reeves RB, Lin JX, et al. (1995). "Regulation of cell-type-specific interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain gene expression: potential role of physical interactions between Elf-1, HMG-I(Y), and NF-kappa B family proteins.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 15 (3): 1786–96. PMC 230403. PMID 7862168.
• Xu X, Gélinas C (1995). "The v-Rel oncoprotein complexes with new Rel- and RelA-related proteins in transformed cells.". Virology 207 (2): 362–8. doi:10.1006/viro.1995.1095. PMID 7886940.
• Mackman N (1994). "Protease inhibitors block lipopolysaccharide induction of tissue factor gene expression in human monocytic cells by preventing activation of c-Rel/p65 heterodimers.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (42): 26363–7. PMID 7929355.
• Sif S, Gilmore TD (1994). "Interaction of the v-Rel oncoprotein with cellular transcription factor Sp1.". J. Virol. 68 (11): 7131–8. PMC 237152. PMID 7933095.
• Hansen SK, Baeuerle PA, Blasi F (1994). "Purification, reconstitution, and I kappa B association of the c-Rel-p65 (RelA) complex, a strong activator of transcription.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (4): 2593–603. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.4.2593. PMC 358627. PMID 8139561.
• Beg AA, Baldwin AS (1994). "Activation of multiple NF-kappa B/Rel DNA-binding complexes by tumor necrosis factor.". Oncogene 9 (5): 1487–92. PMID 8152812.

External links

• Genes, rel at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)