HOXD12

Homeobox D12
Identifiers
Symbols	HOXD12 ; HOX4H
External IDs	OMIM: 142988 MGI: 96204 HomoloGene: 7369 GeneCards: HOXD12 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • sequence-specific DNA binding Cellular component • nucleus • transcription factor complex Biological process • skeletal system development • transcription, DNA-templated • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • pattern specification process • embryonic digit morphogenesis Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3238	15432
Ensembl	ENSG00000170178	ENSMUSG00000001823
UniProt	P35452	P23812
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_021193	NM_008274
RefSeq (protein)	NP_067016	NP_032300
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 176.1 – 176.1 Mb	Chr 2: 74.68 – 74.68 Mb
PubMed search

Homeobox protein Hox-D12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXD12 gene.^[1][2][3]

This gene belongs to the homeobox family of genes. The homeobox genes encode a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in morphogenesis in all multicellular organisms. Mammals possess four similar homeobox gene clusters, HOXA, HOXB, HOXC and HOXD, located on different chromosomes, consisting of 9 to 11 genes arranged in tandem. This gene is one of several homeobox HOXD genes located in a cluster on chromosome 2. Deletions that remove the entire HOXD gene cluster or the 5' end of this cluster have been associated with severe limb and genital abnormalities. The product of the mouse Hoxd12 gene plays a role in axial skeleton development and forelimb morphogenesis.^[4]

See also

• Homeobox

References

1. D'Esposito M, Morelli F, Acampora D, Migliaccio E, Simeone A, Boncinelli E (July 1991). "EVX2, a human homeobox gene homologous to the even-skipped segmentation gene, is localized at the 5' end of HOX4 locus on chromosome 2". Genomics 10 (1): 43–50. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90482-T. PMID 1675198.
2. McAlpine PJ, Shows TB (August 1990). "Nomenclature for human homeobox genes". Genomics 7 (3): 460. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90186-X. PMID 1973146.
3. "Entrez Gene: HOXD12 homeobox D12".
4. Davis AP, Capecchi MR (1 April 1996). "A mutational analysis of the 5' HoxD genes: dissection of genetic interactions during limb development in the mouse". Development 122 (4): 1175–85. PMID 8620844.

Further reading

• Johnson RL, Tabin CJ (1997). "Molecular models for vertebrate limb development.". Cell 90 (6): 979–90. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80364-5. PMID 9323126.
• Goodman FR (2003). "Limb malformations and the human HOX genes.". Am. J. Med. Genet. 112 (3): 256–65. doi:10.1002/ajmg.10776. PMID 12357469.
• Scott MP (1992). "Vertebrate homeobox gene nomenclature.". Cell 71 (4): 551–3. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90588-4. PMID 1358459.
• Acampora D, D'Esposito M, Faiella A, et al. (1990). "The human HOX gene family". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (24): 10385–402. doi:10.1093/nar/17.24.10385. PMC 335308. PMID 2574852.
• Shen WF, Montgomery JC, Rozenfeld S, et al. (1997). "AbdB-like Hox proteins stabilize DNA binding by the Meis1 homeodomain proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (11): 6448–58. PMC 232497. PMID 9343407.
• Del Campo M, Jones MC, Veraksa AN, et al. (1999). "Monodactylous limbs and abnormal genitalia are associated with hemizygosity for the human 2q31 region that includes the HOXD cluster". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65 (1): 104–10. doi:10.1086/302467. PMC 1378080. PMID 10364522.
• Kataoka K, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Shioda S, Nishizawa M (2001). "A set of Hox proteins interact with the Maf oncoprotein to inhibit its DNA binding, transactivation, and transforming activities". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (1): 819–26. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007643200. PMID 11036080.
• Limongi MZ, Pelliccia F, Gaddini L, Rocchi A (2000). "Clustering of two fragile sites and seven homeobox genes in human chromosome region 2q31→q32.1". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 90 (1–2): 151–3. doi:10.1159/000015651. PMID 11060466.
• Goodman FR, Majewski F, Collins AL, Scambler PJ (2002). "A 117-kb Microdeletion Removing HOXD9–HOXD13 and EVX2 Causes Synpolydactyly". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 70 (2): 547–55. doi:10.1086/338921. PMC 384929. PMID 11778160.
• Kosaki K, Kosaki R, Suzuki T, et al. (2002). "Complete mutation analysis panel of the 39 human HOX genes". Teratology 65 (2): 50–62. doi:10.1002/tera.10009. PMID 11857506.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Zhao X, Sun M, Zhao J, et al. (2007). "Mutations in HOXD13 Underlie Syndactyly Type V and a Novel Brachydactyly-Syndactyly Syndrome". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80 (2): 361–71. doi:10.1086/511387. PMC 1785357. PMID 17236141.

External links

• HOXD12 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.