Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1

POU class 1 homeobox 1
PDB rendering based on 1au7.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1au7​
Identifiers
Symbols	POU1F1 ; CPHD1; GHF-1; PIT1; POU1F1a; Pit-1
External IDs	OMIM: 173110 MGI: 97588 HomoloGene: 259 GeneCards: POU1F1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding • transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding • RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding • RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity • chromatin binding • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • transcription corepressor activity Cellular component • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • cell fate specification • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • positive regulation of cell proliferation • negative regulation of cell proliferation • determination of adult lifespan • B cell differentiation • positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process • positive regulation of multicellular organism growth • regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • nuclear transport • somatotropin secreting cell development Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5449	18736
Ensembl	ENSG00000064835	ENSMUSG00000004842
UniProt	P28069	Q00286
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000306	NM_008849
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000297	NP_032875
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 87.26 – 87.28 Mb	Chr 16: 65.52 – 65.54 Mb
PubMed search

POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1 (Pit1, growth hormone factor 1), also known as POU1F1, is a transcription factor for growth hormone.^[1]

Function

PIT1 is a pituitary-specific transcription factor responsible for pituitary development and hormone expression in mammals and is a member of the POU family of transcription factors that regulate mammalian development. The POU family is so named because the first 3 members identified were PIT1 and OCT1 (MIM 164175) of mammals, and Unc-86 of C. elegans (Herr et al., 1988). PIT1 contains 2 protein domains, termed POU-specific and POU-homeo, which are both necessary for high affinity DNA binding on genes encoding growth hormone (GH; MIM 139250) and prolactin (PRL; MIM 176760). PIT1 is also important for regulation of the genes encoding prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone beta subunit (TSHB; MIM 188540) by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; MIM 257120) and cyclic AMP.[supplied by OMIM]^[1]

Interactions

Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 has been shown to interact with GATA2^[2] and PITX1.^[3]

References

1. "Entrez Gene: POU1F1 POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1 (Pit1, growth hormone factor 1)".
2. Dasen JS, O'Connell SM, Flynn SE, Treier M, Gleiberman AS, Szeto DP, Hooshmand F, Aggarwal AK, Rosenfeld MG (May 1999). "Reciprocal interactions of Pit1 and GATA2 mediate signaling gradient-induced determination of pituitary cell types". Cell 97 (5): 587–98. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80770-9. PMID 10367888.
3. Szeto DP, Ryan AK, O'Connell SM, Rosenfeld MG (July 1996). "P-OTX: a PIT-1-interacting homeodomain factor expressed during anterior pituitary gland development". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (15): 7706–10. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.7706. PMC 38811. PMID 8755540.

Further reading

• Parks JS, Brown MR (1999). "Transcription factors regulating pituitary development". Growth Horm. IGF Res. 9 Suppl B: 2–8; discussion 8–11. doi:10.1016/S1096-6374(99)80074-4. PMID 10549299.
• Rodriguez R, Andersen B (2003). "Cellular determination in the anterior pituitary gland: PIT-1 and PROP-1 mutations as causes of human combined pituitary hormone deficiency". Minerva Endocrinol. 28 (2): 123–33. PMID 12717343.
• Quentien MH, Barlier A, Franc JL, Pellegrini I, Brue T, Enjalbert A (2006). "Pituitary transcription factors: from congenital deficiencies to gene therapy". J. Neuroendocrinol. 18 (9): 633–42. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2006.01461.x. PMID 16879162.
• Cattini PA, Yang X, Jin Y, Detillieux KA (2006). "Regulation of the human growth hormone gene family: possible role for Pit-1 in early stages of pituitary-specific expression and repression". Neuroendocrinology 83 (3–4): 145–53. doi:10.1159/000095522. PMID 17047377.
• Li X, Giachelli CM (2007). "Sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporters and vascular calcification". Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 16 (4): 325–8. doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e3281c55ef1. PMID 17565274.
• Tatsumi K, Miyai K, Notomi T, Kaibe K, Amino N, Mizuno Y, Kohno H (1993). "Cretinism with combined hormone deficiency caused by a mutation in the PIT1 gene". Nat. Genet. 1 (1): 56–8. doi:10.1038/ng0492-56. PMID 1302000.
• Tatsumi K, Notomi T, Amino N, Miyai K (1992). "Nucleotide sequence of the complementary DNA for human Pit-1/GHF-1". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1129 (2): 231–4. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(92)90494-k. PMID 1370379.
• Ohta K, Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Fujimoto S, Matsuo N, Inagaki H, Endo F, Matsuda I (1993). "Mutations in the Pit-1 gene in children with combined pituitary hormone deficiency". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 189 (2): 851–5. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)92281-2. PMID 1472057.
• Ohta K, Nobukuni Y, Mitsubuchi H, Ohta T, Tohma T, Jinno Y, Endo F, Matsuda I (1993). "Characterization of the gene encoding human pituitary-specific transcription factor, Pit-1". Gene 122 (2): 387–8. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90234-G. PMID 1487156.
• Radovick S, Nations M, Du Y, Berg LA, Weintraub BD, Wondisford FE (1992). "A mutation in the POU-homeodomain of Pit-1 responsible for combined pituitary hormone deficiency". Science 257 (5073): 1115–8. doi:10.1126/science.257.5073.1115. PMID 1509262.
• Pfäffle RW, DiMattia GE, Parks JS, Brown MR, Wit JM, Jansen M, Van der Nat H, Van den Brande JL, Rosenfeld MG, Ingraham HA (1992). "Mutation of the POU-specific domain of Pit-1 and hypopituitarism without pituitary hypoplasia". Science 257 (5073): 1118–21. doi:10.1126/science.257.5073.1118. PMID 1509263.
• Lew AM, Elsholtz HP (1991). "Cloning of the human cDNA for transcription factor Pit-1". Nucleic Acids Res. 19 (22): 6329. doi:10.1093/nar/19.22.6329. PMC 329149. PMID 1956794.
• He X, Treacy MN, Simmons DM, Ingraham HA, Swanson LW, Rosenfeld MG (1989). "Expression of a large family of POU-domain regulatory genes in mammalian brain development". Nature 340 (6228): 35–41. doi:10.1038/340035a0. PMID 2739723.
• Bodner M, Castrillo JL, Theill LE, Deerinck T, Ellisman M, Karin M (1988). "The pituitary-specific transcription factor GHF-1 is a homeobox-containing protein". Cell 55 (3): 505–18. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90037-2. PMID 2902927.
• Herr W, Sturm RA, Clerc RG, Corcoran LM, Baltimore D, Sharp PA, Ingraham HA, Rosenfeld MG, Finney M, Ruvkun G (1989). "The POU domain: a large conserved region in the mammalian pit-1, oct-1, oct-2, and Caenorhabditis elegans unc-86 gene products". Genes Dev. 2 (12A): 1513–6. doi:10.1101/gad.2.12a.1513. PMID 3215510.
• de Zegher F, Pernasetti F, Vanhole C, Devlieger H, Van den Berghe G, Martial JA (1995). "The prenatal role of thyroid hormone evidenced by fetomaternal Pit-1 deficiency". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80 (11): 3127–30. doi:10.1210/jc.80.11.3127. PMID 7593413.
• Bamberger AM, Bamberger CM, Pu LP, Puy LA, Loh YP, Asa SL (1995). "Expression of pit-1 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in the human placenta". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80 (7): 2021–6. doi:10.1210/jc.80.7.2021. PMID 7608249.
• Irie Y, Tatsumi K, Ogawa M, Kamijo T, Preeyasombat C, Suprasongsin C, Amino N (1995). "A novel E250X mutation of the PIT1 gene in a patient with combined pituitary hormone deficiency". Endocr. J. 42 (3): 351–4. doi:10.1507/endocrj.42.351. PMID 7670563.
• Delhase M, Vila V, Hooghe-Peters EL, Castrillo JL (1995). "A novel pituitary transcription factor is produced by alternative splicing of the human GHF-1/PIT-1 gene". Gene 155 (2): 273–5. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)00757-J. PMID 7721104.
• Okamoto N, Wada Y, Ida S, Koga R, Ozono K, Chiyo H, Hayashi A, Tatsumi K (1995). "Monoallelic expression of normal mRNA in the PIT1 mutation heterozygotes with normal phenotype and biallelic expression in the abnormal phenotype". Hum. Mol. Genet. 3 (9): 1565–8. doi:10.1093/hmg/3.9.1565. PMID 7833912.

External links

• PIT1 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Transcription Factor Pit-1 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)