PROX1

Prospero homeobox 1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2LMD​
Identifiers
Symbol	PROX1
External IDs	OMIM: 601546 MGI: 97772 HomoloGene: 2069 GeneCards: PROX1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding • DNA binding • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding • transcription corepressor activity • protein binding • ligand-dependent nuclear receptor binding • transcription regulatory region DNA binding • DBD domain binding • LBD domain binding Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • cell fate determination • kidney development • liver development • positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation • lymphangiogenesis • lens development in camera-type eye • hepatocyte cell migration • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • brain development • circadian rhythm • positive regulation of cell proliferation • negative regulation of cell proliferation • regulation of gene expression • positive regulation of endothelial cell migration • dorsal spinal cord development • dentate gyrus development • cerebellar granule cell differentiation • neural tube development • skeletal muscle thin filament assembly • lung development • olfactory placode formation • pancreas development • response to nutrient levels • regulation of circadian rhythm • otic placode formation • negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity • negative regulation of viral genome replication • positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity • positive regulation of cell cycle • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • optic placode formation involved in camera-type eye formation • venous blood vessel morphogenesis • ventricular cardiac myofibril assembly • atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis • ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis • retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye • embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye • endocardium formation • positive regulation of sarcomere organization • ventricular septum morphogenesis • aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis • positive regulation of heart growth • lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation • regulation of transcription involved in lymphatic endothelial cell fate commitment • branching involved in pancreas morphogenesis • lens fiber cell morphogenesis • hepatocyte differentiation • negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process • hepatocyte proliferation • acinar cell differentiation • neuronal stem cell maintenance • positive regulation of cell cycle checkpoint • positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation • positive regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5629	19130
Ensembl	ENSG00000117707	ENSMUSG00000010175
UniProt	Q92786	P48437
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001270616	NM_008937
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001257545	NP_032963
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 213.98 – 214.04 Mb	Chr 1: 190.12 – 190.17 Mb
PubMed search

Prospero homeobox protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PROX1 gene.^[1][2]

Interactions

PROX1 has been shown to interact with EP300.^[3]

Production

PROX1 is produced primarily in the dentate gyrus in the mouse, and in the dentate gyrus and white matter in humans. Gene expression data for mouse, human and macaque from the Allen Brain Atlases can be found here.

References

1. Zinovieva RD, Duncan MK, Johnson TR, Torres R, Polymeropoulos MH, Tomarev SI (Dec 1996). "Structure and chromosomal localization of the human homeobox gene Prox 1". Genomics 35 (3): 517–22. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0392. PMID 8812486.
2. "Entrez Gene: PROX1 prospero-related homeobox 1".
3. Chen, Qin; Dowhan Dennis H; Liang Dongcai; Moore David D; Overbeek Paul A (Jul 2002). "CREB-binding protein/p300 co-activation of crystallin gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (27): 24081–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201821200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11943779.

Further reading

• Wigle JT, Chowdhury K, Gruss P, Oliver G (1999). "Prox1 function is crucial for mouse lens-fibre elongation.". Nat. Genet. 21 (3): 318–22. doi:10.1038/6844. PMID 10080188.
• Mouta Carreira C, Nasser SM, di Tomaso E, et al. (2001). "LYVE-1 is not restricted to the lymph vessels: expression in normal liver blood sinusoids and down-regulation in human liver cancer and cirrhosis". Cancer Res. 61 (22): 8079–84. PMID 11719431.
• Rodriguez-Niedenführ M, Papoutsi M, Christ B, et al. (2002). "Prox1 is a marker of ectodermal placodes, endodermal compartments, lymphatic endothelium and lymphangioblasts". Anat. Embryol. 204 (5): 399–406. doi:10.1007/s00429-001-0214-9. PMID 11789987.
• Duncan MK, Cui W, Oh DJ, Tomarev SI (2002). "Prox1 is differentially localized during lens development". Mech. Dev. 112 (1–2): 195–8. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(01)00645-1. PMID 11850194.
• Chen Q, Dowhan DH, Liang D, et al. (2002). "CREB-binding protein/p300 co-activation of crystallin gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (27): 24081–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201821200. PMID 11943779.
• Wilting J, Papoutsi M, Christ B, et al. (2002). "The transcription factor Prox1 is a marker for lymphatic endothelial cells in normal and diseased human tissues". FASEB J. 16 (10): 1271–3. doi:10.1096/fj.01-1010fje. PMID 12060670.
• Petrova TV, Mäkinen T, Mäkelä TP, et al. (2002). "Lymphatic endothelial reprogramming of vascular endothelial cells by the Prox-1 homeobox transcription factor". EMBO J. 21 (17): 4593–9. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf470. PMC 125413. PMID 12198161.
• Hong YK, Harvey N, Noh YH, et al. (2003). "Prox1 is a master control gene in the program specifying lymphatic endothelial cell fate". Dev. Dyn. 225 (3): 351–7. doi:10.1002/dvdy.10163. PMID 12412020.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Dyer MA, Livesey FJ, Cepko CL, Oliver G (2003). "Prox1 function controls progenitor cell proliferation and horizontal cell genesis in the mammalian retina". Nat. Genet. 34 (1): 53–8. doi:10.1038/ng1144. PMID 12692551.
• Nagai H, Li Y, Hatano S, et al. (2003). "Mutations and aberrant DNA methylation of the PROX1 gene in hematologic malignancies". Genes Chromosomes Cancer 38 (1): 13–21. doi:10.1002/gcc.10248. PMID 12874782.
• Steffensen KR, Holter E, Båvner A, et al. (2005). "Functional conservation of interactions between a homeodomain cofactor and a mammalian FTZ-F1 homologue". EMBO Rep. 5 (6): 613–9. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400147. PMC 1299067. PMID 15143342.
• Qin J, Gao DM, Jiang QF, et al. (2005). "Prospero-related homeobox (Prox1) is a corepressor of human liver receptor homolog-1 and suppresses the transcription of the cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase gene". Mol. Endocrinol. 18 (10): 2424–39. doi:10.1210/me.2004-0009. PMID 15205472.
• Dudas J, Papoutsi M, Hecht M, et al. (2005). "The homeobox transcription factor Prox1 is highly conserved in embryonic hepatoblasts and in adult and transformed hepatocytes, but is absent from bile duct epithelium". Anat. Embryol. 208 (5): 359–66. doi:10.1007/s00429-004-0403-4. PMID 15232737.
• Reis RM, Reis-Filho JS, Longatto Filho A, et al. (2006). "Differential Prox-1 and CD 31 expression in mucousae, cutaneous and soft tissue vascular lesions and tumors". Pathol. Res. Pract. 201 (12): 771–6. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2005.08.010. PMID 16308102.
• Song KH, Li T, Chiang JY (2006). "A prospero-related homeodomain protein is a novel co-regulator of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α that regulates the cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase gene". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (15): 10081–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513420200. PMC 1785292. PMID 16488887.
• Schneider M, Büchler P, Giese N, et al. (2006). "Role of lymphangiogenesis and lymphangiogenic factors during pancreatic cancer progression and lymphatic spread". Int. J. Oncol. 28 (4): 883–90. doi:10.3892/ijo.28.4.883. PMID 16525637.
• Shimoda M, Takahashi M, Yoshimoto T, et al. (2006). "A homeobox protein, prox1, is involved in the differentiation, proliferation, and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (20 Pt 1): 6005–11. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0712. PMID 17062673.
• Laerm A, Helmbold P, Goldberg M, et al. (2007). "Prospero-related homeobox 1 (PROX1) is frequently inactivated by genomic deletions and epigenetic silencing in carcinomas of the bilary system". J. Hepatol. 46 (1): 89–97. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2006.07.033. PMID 17069925.

External links

• PROX1 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.